Title


Genus Microcystis

Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow () only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).

 

Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 1
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0

Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").

 

PRELIMINARY REMARK:

In June 1985 the Subcommittee on the taxonomic of Phototrophic Bacteria proposed that names of cyanobacteria described and validly published as blue-green algae under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature are recognized as having been published under the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision) [1].

In September 1986, the Judicial Commission agreed unanimously to recommend the following to the ICSB (now ICSP): those names of taxa of Cyanobacteria and Cyanophyta that are valid under the Botanical Code be considered valid under the Bacteriological Code for the purpose of preparing an acceptance list comparable to the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names [2]. However, "Declarations of intent" by the Judicial Commission were not taken up by the ICSB (now ICSP).
In 2003, the "Subcommitteee on the taxonomy of phototrophic bacteria" [3] proposed the preparation of a list of approved names of cyanobateria under the Bacteriological Code and a small committee was appointed to prepare such a list. However, such a list is not yet available.

Consequently, names of cyanobacteria described and validly published as blue-green algae under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature have no standing in bacterial nomenclature, unless they are again described under the Rules of the Bacteriological Code (1990 revision).

References:

1 TRÜPER (H.G.) (Chairman): International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology subcommittee on the taxonomy of phototrophic bacteria. Minutes of the discussion workshop: taxonomy of cyanobacteria, 17 to 19 June 1985, Paris, France. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 114-115.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 JONES (D.) (Secretary): Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Minutes of the meeting, 5 September 1986, Manchester, United Kingdom. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1987, 37, 85-87.
Original article in IJSEM Online
3 IMHOFF (J.F.) and MADIGAN (M.T.): International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommitteee on the taxonomy of phototrophic bacteria. Minutes of the meetings, 27 August 2003, Tokyo, Japan. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2004, 54, 1001-1003.
Original article in IJSEM Online

Other references:

STANIER (R.Y.), SISTROM (W.R.), HANSEN (T.A.), WHITTON (B.A.), CASTENHOLZ (R.W.), PFENNIG (N.), GORLENKO (V.N.), KONDRATIEVA (E.N.), EIMHJELLEN (K.E.), WHITTENBURY (R.), GHERNA (R.L.) and TRÜPER (H.G.): Proposal to place the nomenclature of the cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1978, 28, 335-336.
HILL (L.R.): International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. XIII International Congress of Microbiology. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 435-437.
Original article in IJSEM Online
JUDICIAL COMMISSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY: Minutes of the meeting, 6 August 1982, Boston, Massachusetts. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 577-578.
Original article in IJSEM Online
HILL (L.R.): International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. XIV International Congress of Microbiology. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1987, 37, 88-90.
Original article in IJSEM Online
CASTENHOLZ (R.W.) and WATERBURY (J.B.): Group I. Cyanobacteria. Preface. In: J.T. STALEY, M.P. BRYANT, N. PFENNIG and J.G. HOLT (editors), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, first edition, vol. 3, The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1989, pp. 1710-1727.
WAYNE (L.G.): Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Minutes of the Meeting, 14 September 1990, Osaka, Japan. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1991, 41, 185-187.
Original article in IJSEM Online
GOODFELLOW (M.): International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. XVIth International Congress of Microbiology. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1995, 45, 613-615.
Original article in IJSEM Online
OREN (A.): A proposal for further integration of the cyanobacteria under the Bacteriological Code. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2004, 54, 1895-1902.
Original article in IJSEM Online
DE VOS (P.), TRÜPER (H.G.) and TINDALL (B.J.): Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Xth International (IUMS) Congress of Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology. Minutes of the meetings, 28, 29 and 31 July and 1 August 2002, Paris, France. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2005, 55, 525-532.
Original article by De Vos et al. 2005 in IJSEM Online

 

"Microcystis" Not validly published under the Rules of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision).

Note: Unicellular cyanobacteria that divide in two or three successive planes at right angles to one another have been assigned to an assemblage designated the Synechocystis group, which consists of four strain clusters: (i) the marine cluster; (ii) the low-G+C-content cluster; (iii) the high-G+C-content cluster and (iv) the Microcystis cluster. The four clusters are equivalent to genera but have not been formalized because their characterization is based on an incomplete data set [1, 2, 3]. Otsuka et al. 2001 [2], propose to unify five species of the Microcystis cluster into Mycrocystis aeruginosa under the Rules of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). However, the genus Microcystis has no standing in bacterial nomenclature.
References:
1 FAHRENKRUG (P.M.), BETT (M.B.) and PARKER (D.L.): Base composition of DNA from selected strains of the cyanobacterial genus Microcystis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1992, 42, 182-184.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 OTSUKA (S.), SUDA (S.), SHIBATA (S.), OYAIZU (H.), MATSUMOTO (S.) and WATANABE (M.M.): A proposal for the unification of five species of the cyanobacterial genus Microcystis Kützing ex Lemmermann 1907 under the Rules of the Bacteriological Code. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2001, 51, 873-879.
Original article by Otsuka et al. 2001 in IJSEM Online
3 WATERBURY (J.B.) and RIPPKA (R.): Subsection I. Order Chroococcales Wettstein 1924, emend. Rippka et al., 1979. In: J.T. STALEY, M.P. BRYANT, N. PFENNIG and J.G. HOLT (editors), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, first edition, vol. 3, The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, pp. 1728-1746.

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Microcystis aeruginosa Otsuka et al. 2001, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) IAM M-247 = NIES-843.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AP009552 (complete genome).
Etymology: L. fem. adj. aeruginosa, full of copper rust, verdigris, hence green.
Valid publication: OTSUKA (S.), SUDA (S.), SHIBATA (S.), OYAIZU (H.), MATSUMOTO (S.) and WATANABE (M.M.): A proposal for the unification of five species of the cyanobacterial genus Microcystis Kuetzing ex Lemmermann 1907 under the Rules of the Bacteriological Code. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2001, 51, 873-879.
Original article in IJSEM Online

Notes:
1 In the paper by Otsuka et al. 2001, the strain NIES-843 is cited as NIES843.
2 According to Rules 27(3) and 30, Microcystis aeruginosa Otsuka et al. 2001 is not validly published because, at the time of publication, the type strain was not deposited in two publicly accessible service collections in different countries. According to the Judicial Opinion 81, authors or this name, or other scientists who wish to have this name validly published, should submit evidence of the deposit of the type strain in additional collections to the List Editor (either directly or via the IJSEM Editorial Office) before the next meeting of the Judicial Commission in Sapporo, Japan, in 2011. After that time, the name will be ruled not to have been validly published. If, after that deadline, the authors or other scientists wish to have this name validly published, this may be done by confirming that the name is in accordance with the requirements of the Code and either by requesting valid publication via the Validation Lists or by inclusion of the proposal in an original article in the IJSEM. The details of valid publication will then make reference to those publications. If authors or other scientists feel that an exception should be granted to Rule 30, requiring deposit of the type in two different collections in two different countries, they should contact the Editorial Office of the IJSEM.
References:
1 EUZÉBY (J.P.) and TINDALL (B.J.): Status of strains that contravene Rules 27(3) and 30 of the Bacteriological Code. Request for an Opinion. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2004, 54, 293-301.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 JUDICIAL COMMISSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON SYSTEMATICS OF PROKARYOTES: Status of strains that contravene Rules 27 (3) and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Opinion 81. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 1755-1763.
Opinion 81 in IJSEM Online
3 Microcystis aeruginosa Otsuka et al. 2001 is illegitimate because the genus name Microcystis has never been validly published.
4 Under the Rules of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision) Microcystis aeruginosa Otsuka et al. 2001 is a new species not a new combination as cited in the paper by Otsuka et al. 2001.
5 Under the Botanical Code, Microcystis aeruginosa Otsuka et al. 2001 has been described as Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützing) Lemmermann 1907 = Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützning) Kützing 1846, formerly "Micraloa aeruginosa" Kützing 1833.
6 Otsuka et al. 2001 unify into Microcystis aeruginosa five species previously described under the Botanical Code: (i) Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützing) Lemmermann 1907; (ii) Microcystis ichthyoblabe Kützing 1843; (iii) Microcystis novacekii (Komárek) Compère 1974 (formerly "Diplocystis novacekii" Komárek 1958; (iv) Microcystis viridis (A. Braun) Lemmermann 1903 emend. Kondrateva 1975 [formerly "Polycystis viridis" (A. Braun in Rabenhorst 1862) Komárek 1958]; and (v) Microcystis wesenbergii (Komárek) Komárek in Kondrateva 1968 (formerly "Diplocystis wesenbergii" Komárek 1958).
7 Two other species, Microcystis flos-aquae (Wittrock) Kirchner 1898 and Microcystis pseudofilamentosa Crow 1923 are regarded as morphological variations of the unified Microcystis aeruginosa Otsuka et al. 2001.

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