Genus Rhodospirillum
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 11
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Rhodospirillum Molisch 1907, genus. (Type genus of the order ¤ Rhodospirillales Pfennig and Trüper 1971 [Approved Lists 1980]; type genus of the family ¤ Rhodospirillaceae Pfennig and Trüper 1971 [Approved Lists 1980]).
Type species: ¤ Rhodospirillum rubrum (Esmarch 1887) Molisch 1907 (Approved Lists 1980).
Recommended three-letter abbreviation: Rsp. (see the file ¤ "Three-letter code for abbreviations of generic names").
Etymology: Gr. n. rhodon, the rose; N.L. neut. n. Spirillum, a bacterial genus; N.L. neut. n. Rhodospirillum, the rose Spirillum.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: MOLISCH (H.): Die Purpurbakterien nach neuen Untersuchungen. G. Fischer, Jena I-VII, 1907, pp. 1-95.
→ Rhodospirillum Molisch 1907 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Imhoff et al. 1984.
Reference: IMHOFF (J.F.), TRÜPER (H.G.) and PFENNIG (N.): Rearrangement of the species and genera of the phototrophic "purple nonsulfur bacteria". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1984, 34, 340-343.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ Rhodospirillum Molisch 1907 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Imhoff et al. 1998.
Reference: IMHOFF (J.F.), PETRI (R.) and SÜLING (J.): Reclassification of species of the spiral-shaped phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria of the α-Proteobacteria: description of the new genera Phaeospirillum gen. nov., Rhodovibrio gen. nov., Rhodothalassium gen. nov. and Roseospira gen. nov. as well as transfer of Rhodospirillum fulvum to Phaeospirillum fulvum comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum molischianum to Phaeospirillum molischianum comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum salinarum to Rhodovibrio salinarum comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum sodomense to Rhodovibrio sodomensis comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum salexigens to Rhodothalassium salexigens comb. nov. and of Rhodospirillum mediosalinum to Roseospira mediosalina comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 793-798.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Rhodospirillum centenum Favinger et al. 1994, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 43720= DSM 9894 = IAM 14193 = IFO (now NBRC) 16667 = JCM 21060.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D12701.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. centenum, relating to a hundred, in recognition of the centennial of Esmarch's publication (isolation of the first photosynthetic bacterium in pure culture).
Valid publication: Validation List no. 48. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1994, 44, 182-183.
Effective publication: FAVINGER (J.), STADTWALD (R.) and GEST (H.): Rhodospirillum centenum, sp. nov., a thermotolerant cyst-forming anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 1989, 55, 291-296.
Validation List no. 48 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
= ¤ Rhodocista centenaria Kawasaki et al. 1994.
Notes:
1 Rhodospirillum centenum Favinger et al. 1994, type strain: ATCC 43720(Validation List no. 48, priority number 2) is a homotypic synonym of ¤ Rhodocista centenaria Kawasaki et al. 1994, type strain ATCC 43720= IAM 14193 (Validation List no. 48, priority number 2).
2 In the ASM News [1] and in a Letter to the Editor of the IJSEM [2], Gest and Favinger have presented a list of objections to using the name ¤ Rhodocista centenaria Kawasaki et al. 1994. However, Rhodospirillum centenum Favinger et al. 1994 and ¤ Rhodocista centenaria Kawasaki et al. 1994 are homotypic synonyms and neither is the earlier (senior) synonym [3]. So, the name which is to be used is this which is correct in the opinion of a bacteriologist.
References:
1 GEST (H.) and FAVINGER (J.): Taxonomic problems, exemplified with anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria. ASM News, 1998, 64, 434-435.
2 GEST (H.) and FAVINGER (J.): Taxonomic ambiguities: a case history. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2001, 51, 707-710.
Original article by Gest and Favinger in IJSEM Online
3 TINDALL (B.J.): Rhodocista centenaria vs Rhodospirillum centenum: a reply to Gest and Favinger. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2001, 51, 711-713.
Original article by Tindall in IJSEM Online
Rhodospirillum fulvum van Niel 1944, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15798= ATCC 53113= DSM 113.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D14433.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. fulvum, deep yellow, reddish yellow, tawny.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: VAN NIEL (C.B.): The culture, general physiology, morphology and classification of the nonsulfur purple and brown bacteria. Bacteriological Reviews, 1944, 8, 1-118.
Note: On the Approved Lists, the type strain ATCC 15798is erroneously cited as ATCC 157980.
→ ¤ Phaeospirillum fulvum (van Niel 1944) Imhoff et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Rhodospirillum molischianum Giesberger 1947, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 14031= DSM 120 = LMG 4354.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: FR733695.
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. molischianum, pertaining to Molisch, named for H. Molisch, an Austrian botanist.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: GIESBERGER (G.): Some observations on the culture, physiology and morphology of some brown-red Rhodospirillum-species. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Journal of Microbiology and Serology, 1947, 13, 135-148.
→ ¤ Phaeospirillum molischianum (Giesberger 1947) Imhoff et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Rhodospirillum oryzae Lakshmi et al. 2013, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) JA318=KCTC 5960=NBRC 107573.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AM901295.
Etymology: L. gen. n. oryzae, of rice, pertaining to the isolation of the type strain from rice paddy soil.
Source: Environmental - soil.
Reference: LAKSHMI, K. V. N. S., SASIKALA, Ch., RAMAPRASAD, E. V. V. and RAMANA, Ch. V. 2013. Rhodospirillum oryzae sp. nov., a phototrophic bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil of paddy. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 63, 3050-3055.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 49918= DSM 122.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ222662.
Etymology: Gr. n. phôs -otos, light; L. adj. metricus -a -um,of or relating to measuring, metrical; N.L. neut. adj. photometricum, intended to mean light measuring.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: MOLISCH (H.): Die Purpurbakterien nach neuen Untersuchungen. G. Fischer, Jena I-VII, 1907, pp. 1-95.
Rhodospirillum rubrum (Esmarch 1887) Molisch 1907, species. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 11170= CCUG 17859 = CIP 70.61 = DSM 467 = LMG 4362 = NRRL B-3226.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: CP000230.
Synonyms: "Spirillum rubrum" Esmarch 1887, "Rhodospirillum giganteum" Molisch 1907, "Dicrospirillum rubrum" Enderlein 1925, "Rhodospirillum longum" Hama 1933, "Rhodospirillum gracile" Hama 1933.
Etymology: L adj. ruber -bra -brum, red; L. neut. adj. rubrum, red.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 ESMARCH (E.): Über die Reinkultur eines Spirillum. Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Abteilung I, 1887, 1, 225-230. 2 MOLISCH (H.): Die Purpurbakterien nach neuen Untersuchungen. G. Fischer, Jena I-VII, 1907, pp. 1-95.
Rhodospirillum salexigens Drews 1982, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) WS 68 = ATCC 35888= DSM 2132.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D14431.
Etymology: L. n. sal salis, salt, seawater; L. v. exigo, to demand; N.L. part. adj. salexigens, salt-demanding.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 9. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 384-385.
Effective publication: DREWS (G.): Rhodospirillum salexigens, spec. nov., an obligatory halophilic phototrophic bacterium. Arch. Microbiol., 1981, 130, 325-327.
Validation List no. 9 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
→ ¤ Rhodothalassium salexigens (Drews 1982) Imhoff et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Rhodospirillum salinarum Nissen and Dundas 1985, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 35394= DSM 9154.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D14432.
Etymology: L. pl. n. salinae, saltpits, saltworks; N.L. gen. pl. n. salinarum, of saltworks.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 17. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1985, 35, 223-225.
Effective publication: NISSEN (H.) and DUNDAS (I.D.): Rhodospirillum salinarum sp. nov., a halophilic photosynthetic bacterium isolated from a Portuguese saltern. Arch. Microbiol., 1984, 138, 251-256.
Validation List no. 17 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
→ ¤ Rhodovibrio salinarum (Nissen and Dundas 1985) Imhoff et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Rhodospirillum sodomense Mack et al. 1996, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) DSI = ATCC 51195= DSM 9895.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: FR733704.
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. sodomense, pertaining to the Sea of Sodom, the Talmudic name for the Dead Sea.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 59. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1996, 46, 1189-1190.
Effective publication: MACK (E.E.), MANDELCO (L.), WOESE (C.R.) and MADIGAN (M.T.): Rhodospirillum sodomense, sp. nov., a Dead Sea Rhodospirillum species. Arch. Microbiol., 1993, 160, 363-371.
Validation List no. 59 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
→ ¤ Rhodovibrio sodomensis (Mack et al. 1996) Imhoff et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Rhodospirillum sulfurexigens Anil Kumar et al. 2008, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) JA143 = DSM 19785 = JCM 14885 = NBRC 104433.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AM710622.
Etymology: L. n. sulfur -uris, sulfur; L. v. exigo, to demand; N.L. part. adj. sulfurexigens, sulfur-demanding, referring to the requirement for a reduced sulfur source for growth.
Valid publication: ANIL KUMAR (P.), APARNA (P.), SRINIVAS (T.N.R.), SASIKALA (C.) and RAMANA (C.V.): Rhodospirillum sulfurexigens sp. nov., a phototrophic alphaproteobacterium requiring a reduced sulfur source for growth. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 2917-2920.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Rhodospirillum tenue Pfennig 1969, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 25093= DSM 109 = LMG 4367 = NBRC 102472.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D16208.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. tenue, slender, thin.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: PFENNIG (N.): Rhodospirillum tenue n. sp. a new species of the purple nonsulfur bacteria. Journal of Bacteriology, 1969, 99, 619-620.
Note: On the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names and on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Amended Edition), the page numbers of the paper by Pfennig are erroneously cited as 619-920.
→ ¤ Rhodocyclus tenuis (Pfennig 1969) Imhoff et al. 1984, comb. nov.