Name: "Archaea" Woese et al. 1990

Category: Domain

Proposed as: new domain

Etymology: Gr. masc. adj. archaîos, ancient, primitive; N.L. neut. pl. n. Archaea

Original publication: Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis ML. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:4576-4579.

Nomenclatural status: not validly published

Taxonomic status: preferred name (not correct name)

• Notes:
  • Adam et al. (2017) assigned the superclass "Methanotecta" Adam et al. 2017 to this domain. Publication: Adam PS, Borrel G, Brochier-Armanet C, Gribaldo S. The growing tree of Archaea: new perspectives on their diversity, evolution and ecology. ISME J 2017; 11:2407-2425.
  • Beam et al. (2016) assigned the phylum "Candidatus Aigarchaeota" Nunoura et al. 2011 to this domain. Publication: Beam JP, Jay ZJ, Schmid MC, Rusch DB, Romine MF, Jennings Rde M, Kozubal MA, Tringe SG, Wagner M, Inskeep WP. Ecophysiology of an uncultivated lineage of Aigarchaeota from an oxic, hot spring filamentous 'streamer' community. ISME J 2016; 10:210-224.
  • Boone et al. (2001) assigned the phylum "Euryarchaeota" Garrity and Holt 2001 to this domain. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 211-355.
  • Brochier-Armanet et al. (2008) assigned the phylum "Candidatus Thaumarchaeota" Brochier-Armanet et al. 2008 to this domain. Publication: Brochier-Armanet C, Boussau B, Gribaldo S, Forterre P. Mesophilic Crenarchaeota: proposal for a third archaeal phylum, the Thaumarchaeota. Nat Rev Microbiol 2008; 6:245-252.
  • Bulzu et al. (2019) assigned the superphylum "Asgardaeota" to this domain. Publication: Bulzu PA, Andrei AS, Salcher MM, Mehrshad M, Inoue K, Kandori H, Beja O, Ghai R, Banciu HL. Casting light on Asgardarchaeota metabolism in a sunlit microoxic niche. Nat Microbiol 2019; 4:1129-1137.
  • Huber et al. (2002) assigned the phylum "Nanoarchaeota" Huber et al. 2002 to this domain. Publication: Huber H, Hohn MJ, Rachel R, Fuchs T, Wimmer VC, Stetter KO. A new phylum of Archaea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiont. Nature 2002; 417:63-67.
  • Kozubal et al. (2013) assigned the phylum "Candidatus Geoarchaeota" Kozubal et al. 2013 to this domain. Publication: Kozubal MA, Romine M, Jennings Rd, Jay ZJ, Tringe SG, Rusch DB, Beam JP, McCue LA, Inskeep WP. Geoarchaeota: a new candidate phylum in the Archaea from high-temperature acidic iron mats in Yellowstone National Park. ISME J 2013; 7:622-634.
  • Petitjean et al. (2014) assigned the kingdom "Proteoarchaeota" Petitjean et al. 2014 to this domain. Publication: Petitjean C, Deschamps P, Lopez-Garcia P, Moreira D. Rooting the domain archaea by phylogenomic analysis supports the foundation of the new kingdom Proteoarchaeota. Genome Biol Evol 2014; 7:191-204.
  • Rinke et al. (2013) assigned the phylum "Candidatus Aenigmarchaeota" Rinke et al. 2013 to this domain. Publication: Rinke C, Schwientek P, Sczyrba A, Ivanova NN, Anderson IJ, Cheng JF, Darling A, Malfatti S, Swan BK, Gies EA, et al. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter. Nature 2013; 499:431-437.
  • Rinke et al. (2013) assigned the phylum "Candidatus Diapherotrites" Rinke et al. 2013 to this domain. Publication: Rinke C, Schwientek P, Sczyrba A, Ivanova NN, Anderson IJ, Cheng JF, Darling A, Malfatti S, Swan BK, Gies EA, et al. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter. Nature 2013; 499:431-437.
  • Rinke et al. (2019) assigned the class "Candidatus Poseidoniia" Rinke et al. 2019 to this domain. Publication: Rinke C, Rubino F, Messer LF, Youssef N, Parks DH, Chuvochina M, Brown M, Jeffries T, Tyson GW, Seymour JR, et al. A phylogenomic and ecological analysis of the globally abundant Marine Group II archaea (Ca. Poseidoniales ord. nov.). ISME J 2019; 13:663-675.
  • Rinke et al. (2019) assigned the phylum "Candidatus Thermoplasmatota" Rinke et al. 2019 to this domain. Publication: Rinke C, Rubino F, Messer LF, Youssef N, Parks DH, Chuvochina M, Brown M, Jeffries T, Tyson GW, Seymour JR, et al. A phylogenomic and ecological analysis of the globally abundant Marine Group II archaea (Ca. Poseidoniales ord. nov.). ISME J 2019; 13:663-675.
  • Rinke et al. (2021) assigned the phylum "Halobacteriota" Rinke et al. 2021 to this domain. Publication: Rinke C, Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Davin AA, Waite DW, Whitman WB, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. A standardized archaeal taxonomy for the Genome Taxonomy Database. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:946-959.
  • Vanwonterghem et al. (2016) assigned the phylum "Candidatus Verstraetearchaeota" Vanwonterghem et al. 2016 to this domain. Publication: Vanwonterghem I, Evans PN, Parks DH, Jensen PD, Woodcroft BJ, Hugenholtz P, Tyson GW. Methylotrophic methanogenesis discovered in the archaeal phylum Verstraetearchaeota. Nat Microbiol 2016; 1:16170.
  • Woese et al. (1990) assigned the kingdom "Euryarchaeota" Woese et al. 1990 to this domain. Publication: Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis ML. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:4576-4579.
  • Woese et al. (1990) assigned the kingdom "Crenarchaeota" Woese et al. 1990 to this domain. Publication: Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis ML. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:4576-4579.
  • Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka et al. (2017) assigned the superphylum "Asgard" Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka et al. 2017 to this domain. Publication: Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka K, Caceres EF, Saw JH, Backstrom D, Juzokaite L, Vancaester E, Seitz KW, Anantharaman K, Starnawski P, Kjeldsen KU, et al. Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity. Nature 2017; 541:353-358.
  • Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka et al. (2017) assigned the superphylum "Asgardarchaeota" to this domain. Publication: Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka K, Caceres EF, Saw JH, Backstrom D, Juzokaite L, Vancaester E, Seitz KW, Anantharaman K, Starnawski P, Kjeldsen KU, et al. Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity. Nature 2017; 541:353-358.
  • This taxon name is occasionally misprinted in some sources as: "Archaeota".
  • A nomenclatural type has not been designated.
  • Minimal standards for the description of new taxa in this group were published in 2010. Publication: Tindall BJ, Rossello-Mora R, Busse HJ, Ludwig W, Kampfer P. Notes on the characterization of prokaryote strains for taxonomic purposes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:249-266.
  • The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: JCM: 589; DSM: 521; ATCC: 229; CGMCC: 222; NBRC: 136; VKM: 83; CECT: 69; CIP: 55; KCTC: 53; NCIMB: 44.
  • This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. The name should not be confused with "Archaea" Murray 1988, which is actually Archaeobacteria Murray 1988. Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 4
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 4
Total number of child taxa: 39

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    "Candidatus Aenigmatarchaeota" corrig. Rinke et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Aigarchaeota" Nunoura et al. 2011	inaccurate spelling	misspelling (and no standing)
    "Candidatus Asgardarchaeota" Da Cunha et al. 2017	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Augarchaeota" corrig. Nunoura et al. 2011	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Baldrarchaeota" Liu et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Borrarchaeota" Liu et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Diapherotrites" Rinke et al. 2013	inaccurate spelling	misspelling (and no standing)
    "Candidatus Freyrarchaeota" Xie et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Hadarchaeota" Chuvochina et al. 2019	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Hadesarchaeota" McGonigle et al. 2019	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Hermodarchaeota" Liu et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Hodarchaeota" Liu et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Huberarchaea" Probst et al. 2018	inaccurate spelling	misspelling (and no standing)
    "Candidatus Huberarchaeota" corrig. Probst et al. 2018	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Hydrothermarchaeota" Jungbluth et al. 2017	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Iainarchaeota" corrig. Rinke et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Kariarchaeota" Liu et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Korarchaeota" Ludwig and Klenk 2001	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Lokiarchaeia" Spang et al. 2015	inaccurate spelling	misspelling (and no standing)
    "Candidatus Lokiarchaeota" corrig. Spang et al. 2015	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    Methanobacteriota Garrity and Holt 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Methanomethylicota" corrig. Vanwonterghem et al. 2016	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Micrarchaeota" Baker and Dick 2013	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Microcaldota" Sakai et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    Nanobdellota Huber et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Nanohaloarchaeota" Rinke et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Nezhaarchaeota" Wang et al. 2019	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    Nitrososphaerota Brochier-Armanet et al. 2021	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Njordarchaeota" Xie et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Odinarchaeota" Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka et al. 2017	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Parvarchaeota" Rinke et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Poseidoniota" corrig. Rinke et al. 2019	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Sifarchaeota" Farag et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Sigynarchaeota" Xie et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Thermoplasmatota" Rinke et al. 2019	inaccurate spelling	misspelling (and no standing)
    Thermoproteota Garrity and Holt 2021	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Undinarchaeota" Dombrowski et al. 2020	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Candidatus Verstraetearchaeota" Vanwonterghem et al. 2016	inaccurate spelling	misspelling (and no standing)
    "Candidatus Wukongarchaeota" Liu et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)

Parent taxon: None.

Assigned by: Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis ML. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:4576-4579.

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Record number: 166