Name:Azospirillum Tarrand et al. 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)
Category: Genus
Proposed as: gen. nov.
Etymology:A.zo.spi.ril’lum.N.L. neut. n.azotum, nitrogen; from French masc. n.azote, nitrogen; from Gr. pref.a-, not (inseparable prefix); from Gr. fem. n.zôê, life; from N.Gr. fem. n.azôê, not sustaining life; N.L. pref.azo-, pertaining to nitrogen (in compound words condensed from azotum); Gr. fem. n.speîra, a spiral; N.L. neut. dim. n.spirillum, a small spiral; N.L. neut. dim. n.Azospirillum, a small nitrogen spiral
Effective publication:
Tarrand JJ, Krieg NR, Dobereiner J. A taxonomic study of the Spirillum lipoferum group, with descriptions of a new genus, Azospirillum gen. nov. and two species, Azospirillum lipoferum (Beijerinck) comb. nov. and Azospirillum brasilense sp. nov. Can J Microbiol 1978; 24:967-980.
IJSEM list:
Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.
Nomenclatural status:
validly published under the ICNP
heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
Emendations:
Falk et al. 1985
Falk EC, Döbereiner J, Johnson JL, Krieg NR. Deoxyribonucleic acid homology of Azospirillum amazonense Magalhães et al. 1984 and emendation of the description of the genus Azospirillum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1985; 35:117-118.
Notes:
🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Azospirillaceae Hördt et al. 2020.Publication:
Hordt A, Lopez MG, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Schleuning M, Weinhold LM, Tindall BJ, Gronow S, Kyrpides NC, Woyke T, Goker M. Analysis of 1,000+ Type-Strain Genomes Substantially Improves Taxonomic Classification of Alphaproteobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:468.
🥇 Nomenclatural type of the order Azospirillales Chuvochina et al. 2024.Publication:
Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Skarshewski A, Rinke C, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 0:0.
🧕 Cavalier-Smith (1981) assigned this genus to the subkingdom "Eubacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1981.Publication:
Cavalier-Smith T. Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine? Biosystems 1981; 14:461-481.
🧕 Chuvochina et al. (2023) assigned this genus to the order Azospirillales Chuvochina et al. 2024.Publication:
Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Skarshewski A, Rinke C, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 0:0.
🧕 Lavrinenko et al. (2010) assigned this genus to the family Rhodospirillaceae Pfennig and Trüper 1971 (Approved Lists 1980).Publication:
Lavrinenko K, Chernousova E, Gridneva E, Dubinina G, Akimov V, Kuever J, Lysenko A, Grabovich M. Azospirillum thiophilum sp. nov., a diazotrophic bacterium isolated from a sulfide spring. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:2832-2837.
🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus "Spirillum" Hassall 1845.Publication:
Beijerinck MW. Über ein Spirillum, welches freien Stickstoff binden kann? Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Abteilung II 1925; 63:353-359.
🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Awspirillum"; "Axnpirillum"; "Azoapirillum"; "Azopirillum"; "Azospidlum"; "Azospihllum"; "Azospinllum"; "Azospiriffum"; "Azospiriflum"; "Azospirilfum"; "Azospirilium"; "Azospirillim"; "Azospirillium"; "Azospirilllum"; "Azospiritlum"; "Azospirllum"; "Azospirullum"; "Azosplrillum".
💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Mehnaz et al. (2007), Lin et al. (2016), Lin et al. (2009). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 15; LMG: 11; JCM: 9; KCTC: 8; CGMCC: 7; ATCC: 6; BCRC: 6; NBRC: 6; CCTCC: 5; VKM: 5.
😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "AZSP" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer.Publication:
Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
Subdivision:
Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 25 Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 27 Total number of child taxa: 37