Name: Azospirillum Tarrand et al. 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: N.L. n. azotum, nitrogen; from French n. azote, nitrogen; from Gr. pref. a-, not; from Gr. n. zôê, life; from N.Gr. n. azôê, not sustaining life; N.L. pref. azo-, pertaining to nitrogen; Gr. fem. n. speîra, a spiral; N.L. neut. dim. n. spirillum, a small spiral; N.L. neut. dim. n. Azospirillum, a small nitrogen spiral

Gender: neuter

Type species: Azospirillum lipoferum (Beijerinck 1925) Tarrand et al. 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Original publication: Tarrand JJ, Krieg NR, Dobereiner J. A taxonomic study of the Spirillum lipoferum group, with descriptions of a new genus, Azospirillum gen. nov. and two species, Azospirillum lipoferum (Beijerinck) comb. nov. and Azospirillum brasilense sp. nov. Can J Microbiol 1978; 24:967-980.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Conglomeromonas Skerman et al. 1983	heterotypic synonym, validly published

• Emendations:
  • Falk et al. 1985 Falk EC, Döbereiner J, Johnson JL, Krieg NR. Deoxyribonucleic acid homology of Azospirillum amazonense Magalhães et al. 1984 and emendation of the description of the genus Azospirillum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1985; 35:117-118.

• Notes:
  • Nomenclatural type of the family Azospirillaceae Hördt et al. 2020. Publication: Hordt A, Lopez MG, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Schleuning M, Weinhold LM, Tindall BJ, Gronow S, Kyrpides NC, Woyke T, Goker M. Analysis of 1,000+ Type-Strain Genomes Substantially Improves Taxonomic Classification of Alphaproteobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:468.
  • Lavrinenko et al. (2010) assigned this genus to the family Rhodospirillaceae Pfennig and Trüper 1971 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Lavrinenko K, Chernousova E, Gridneva E, Dubinina G, Akimov V, Kuever J, Lysenko A, Grabovich M. Azospirillum thiophilum sp. nov., a diazotrophic bacterium isolated from a sulfide spring. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:2832-2837.
  • The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Spirillum Ehrenberg 1832 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Beijerinck MW. Über ein Spirillum, welches freien Stickstoff binden kann? Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Abteilung II 1925; 63:353-359.
  • This taxon name is occasionally misprinted in some sources as: "Azospirillium"; "Azospirllum".
  • Recommended reviewers for taxonomic proposals in this group are the corresponding authors of Mehnaz et al. (2007), Lin et al. (2016), Lin et al. (2009).

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 22
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 24
Total number of child taxa: 27

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Azospirillum agricola Lin et al. 2016	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum amazonense Magalhães et al. 1984	validly published	synonym
    Azospirillum baldaniorum Dos Santos Ferreira et al. 2020	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum brasilense corrig. Tarrand et al. 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum brasiliense (sic) Tarrand et al. 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)	misspelling	orthographic variant
    Azospirillum canadense Mehnaz et al. 2007	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum doebereinerae Eckert et al. 2001	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum fermentarium Lin et al. 2013	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum formosense Lin et al. 2012	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum griseum Yang et al. 2019	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum halopraeferens Reinhold et al. 1987	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum humicireducens Zhou et al. 2013	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum irakense Khammas et al. 1991	validly published	synonym
    Azospirillum largimobile corrig. (Skerman et al. 1983) Ben Dekhil et al. 1997	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum largomobile (sic) (Skerman et al. 1983) Ben Dekhil et al. 1997	misspelling	orthographic variant
    Azospirillum lipoferum (Beijerinck 1925) Tarrand et al. 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum melinis Peng et al. 2006	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum oryzae Xie and Yokota 2005	validly published	correct name
    "Azospirillum palatum" Zhou et al. 2009	not validly published
    Azospirillum palustre Tikhonova et al. 2019	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum picis Lin et al. 2009	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum ramasamyi Anandham et al. 2019	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum rugosum Young et al. 2008	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum soli Lin et al. 2015	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum thermophilum Zhao et al. 2020	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum thiophilum Lavrinenko et al. 2010	validly published	correct name
    Azospirillum zeae Mehnaz et al. 2007	validly published	correct name

Parent taxon: Azospirillaceae Hördt et al. 2020

Assigned by: Hordt A, Lopez MG, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Schleuning M, Weinhold LM, Tindall BJ, Gronow S, Kyrpides NC, Woyke T, Goker M. Analysis of 1,000+ Type-Strain Genomes Substantially Improves Taxonomic Classification of Alphaproteobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:468.

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