Name: Calothrix Agardh ex Bornet and Flahault 1886

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Ca.lo’thrix. Gr. masc. adj. kalos, beautiful; Gr. fem. n. thrix, hair; N.L. fem. n. Calothrix, a beautiful hair

Gender, pronunciation: feminine (stem: Calotrich-), ka-LO-t^hrix

Type species: Calothrix confervicola Agardh ex Bornet and Flahault 1886

Valid publication: Bornet É, Flahault C. Revision des Nostocacées hétérocystées contenues dans les principaux herbiers de France. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Septième série 1886; 3:323-381.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Rivulariopsis (Kirchner 1898) Woronichin 1923	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)
    "Calothrix" Agardh 1824	homotypic synonym, not validly published

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Calotrichaceae Saraf et al. 2019. Publication: Saraf A, Suradkar A, Dawda HG, Gaysina LA, Gabidullin Y, Kumat A, Behere I, Kotulkar M, Batule P, Singh P. Phylogenetic complexities of the members of Rivulariaceae with the re-creation of the family Calotrichaceae and description of Dulcicalothrix necridiiformans gen nov., sp nov., and reclassification of Calothrix desertica. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:1-10.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Calotrichaceae corrig. Cooke 1890. Publication: Cooke MC. Introduction to fresh-water algae with an enumeration of all the British species. Unknown publisher, London, 1890.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Calotricheae Cooke 1890. Publication: Cooke MC. Introduction to fresh-water algae with an enumeration of all the British species. Unknown publisher, London, 1890.
  • 🧕 Bennett and Murray (1889) assigned this genus to the order Chroococcales corrig. Ardissone 1886. Publication: Bennett AW, Murray G. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1889.
  • 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this genus to the class "Cyanobacteria". Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧕 Elenkin (1949) assigned this genus to the family Rivulariaceae Rabenhorst ex Bornet and Flahault 1886. Publication: Elenkin AA. Sinezeleniye vodorosli SSSR. Monografiya presnovodnykh i nazemnykh S'yanofiseaye, obnaruzhennykh v predelakh SSSR. Spetsial'naya (sistematicheskaya) chast', vyp. II. III. Hormogoneae (Geitl.) Elenk. (okonchaniye). Izdate'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1949.
  • 🧕 Geitler (1925) assigned this genus to the family Rivulariaceae Rabenhorst ex Bornet and Flahault 1886. Publication: Geitler L. Synoptische Darstellung der Cyanophyceen in morphologischer und systematischer Hinsicht. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 1925; 41:163-294.
  • 🧕 Hoffmann et al. (2005) assigned this genus to the family Rivulariaceae Rabenhorst ex Bornet and Flahault 1886. Publication: Hoffmann L, Komárek J, Kaštovský J. System of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacteria) – state in 2004. Algol. Stud. 2005; 117:95-115.
  • 🧕 Komarek et al. (2014) assigned this genus to the family Rivulariaceae Rabenhorst ex Bornet and Flahault 1886. Publication: Komárek J, Kaštovský J, Mareš J, Johansen JR. Taxonomic classification of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacterial genera) 2014, using a polyphasic approach. Preslia 2014; 86:295-335.
  • 🧕 Strunecky et al. (2023) assigned this genus to the family Rivulariaceae Rabenhorst ex Bornet and Flahault 1886. Publication: Strunecky O, Ivanova AP, Mares J. An updated classification of cyanobacterial orders and families based on phylogenomic and polyphasic analysis. J Phycol 2023; 59:12-51.
  • 🧒 Hansgirg (1888) assigned the subgenus "Dichothrix" to this genus. Publication: Hansgirg A. Synopsis generum subgenerumque Myxophycearum (Cyanophycearum) hucusque cognitorum cum descriptione generis nov. " Dactylococcopsis ". Notarisia 1888; 3:584-590.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Aalothrix"; "Alothrix"; "Cabothrix"; "Caiothrix"; "Calathrix"; "Calcothrix"; "Calethrix"; "Callothrix"; "Calolhrix"; "Calothilrx"; "Calothria"; "Calothricis"; "Calothris"; "Calothriz"; "Calothrlx"; "Caolothrix"; "Catlothrix"; "Catothrix"; "Celothrix"; "Cfdothrix"; "Cnlothrix"; "Colothrix"; "Culothrix"; "Galothrix"; "Ialothrix"; "Jalothrix"; "Lalothrix"; "Oalothrix"; "Oulothrix"; "Qalothrix"; "Talothrix".
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: SP: 2; PCC: 1; UPOC: 1; BRNM: 1.
  • 🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "CATX" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 128
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 148
Total number of child taxa: 151

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Calothrix aberrans Cholnoky 1952	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix adscendens Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix aequalis Skuja 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix aeruginosa Woronichin 1923	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix aeruginosa Woronichin 1926	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name	synonym
    Calothrix aestuarii Gayral and Mazancourt 1959	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix africana Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix allorgei Frémy 1945	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix alternans Li 1984	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix antarctica Fritsch 1912	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix articulata (Reinsch 1876) Forti 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix atricha Frémy 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix australiensis Scott and Prescott 1958	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix baileyi Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix balearica Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix baueriana (Grunow 1865) Hansgirg 1890	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix borealis Whelden 1947	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix bossei Frémy 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix braunii Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix breviarticulata West and West 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix brevissima West 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix bugensis Poljansky 1955	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix calida Richter 1898	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix capitata corrig. Uher 2007	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix capitularis Uher 2007	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Calothrix cartilaginea West 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix castellii Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix cavernarum Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix charicola Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix clausa Setchell and Gardner 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix clavata West 1914	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix clavatoides Ghose 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix codicola Setchell and Gardner 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix columbiana West 1914	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix compacta (Bornet and Flahault 1886) Hansgirg 1890	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix compacta (Agardh 1812) Margalef 1953	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym	in need of a replacement
    Calothrix confervicola Agardh ex Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix conica Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix consociata Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix contarenii (Zanardini 1840) Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix coriacea Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix cottonii De Toni f. 1934	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix crustacea Thuret ex Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix crustacea (Agardh 1824) Wolle 1887	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym	in need of a replacement
    Calothrix cylindrica Frémy 1924	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix cystosirae Schiffner 1933	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix debii Bharadwaja 1963	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix decolorata (Nägeli 1849) Hansgirg 1889	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix desertica Schwabe 1960	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix desikacharyensis Vasishta 1964	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix divergens Sant'Anna et al. 1992	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix dolichomeres Skuja 1949	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix donnellii (Wolle 1879) Forti 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix dumus Villanueva and Casamatta 2019	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix elsteri Komárek et al. 2012	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix endophytica Lemmermann 1896	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix epiphytica West and West 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix estonica Kukk 1959	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix evanescens Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix feldmannii Bourrelly 1952	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix flahaulti Frémy 1927	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Calothrix flahaultii corrig. Frémy 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix flamulorum Sant'Anna et al. 1992	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix floccosa (Woronichin 1923) Geitler 1925	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix fonticola Brabez 1941	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix fortii De Toni f. 1934	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix foveolarum Ercegović 1932	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix fritschii Bharadwaja 1935	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym	synonym
    Calothrix fritschii De Toni f. 1934	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix fuellebornii Schmidle 1903	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix fusca Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix galpinii Cholnoky-Pfannkuche 1968	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix gardneri De Toni f. 1934	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix geitleri Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix geitonos Skuja 1949	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix gelatinosa Fritsch and Rich 1924	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix genuflexa Philson 1939	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix ghosei Bharadwaja 1935	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix gigas Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix gloeocola Skuja 1949	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix goetzei Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix gracilis Fritsch 1912	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym	in need of a replacement
    Calothrix gracilis (Rabenhorst 1865) Wolle 1887	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix hansgirgii Schmidle 1900	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix hosfordii Wolle 1887	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix inaequabilis Čado 1958	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix infestans Harvey ex Forti 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix inserta Nygaard 1932	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix intermedia Gardner 1932	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix intracellularis Vasishta 1963	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix intricata Fritsch 1912	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix javanica De Wildeman 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix juliana (Meneghini 1841) Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix karnatakensis Gonzalves and Kamat 1960	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix kawraiskyi Schmidle 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix kossinskajae Poljansky 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix kuetzingiana (Nägeli ex Kützing 1849) Hansgirg 1887	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix kuntzei Richter 1898	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix laurenciae Setchell and Gardner 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix limnicola Scherffel and Kol 1938	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix linearis Gardner 1926	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix litoralis Anand 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix longifila Taylor 1928	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix longissima Hirose 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix lucknowensis Prasad and Mehrotra 1977	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix marchica Lemmermann 1914	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix membranacea Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix meneghiniana Dalla Torre and Sarnthein 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix micromeres Skuja 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix minima Frémy 1924	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix minuscula Weber-van Bosse 1913	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix minuta Bennett 1888	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix mucistricta Ercegović 1957	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix mutnalensis Bongale 1986	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix nidulans Setchell and Gardner 1924	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix nodulosa Setchell and Gardner 1924	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix obtusa Brabez 1941	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix oryzae Daradhiyar and Daradhiyar 1973	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix parietaria Thuret 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix parietina Thuret ex Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix parva Ercegović 1925	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix pilosa Harvey ex Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix polymorpha Li 1984	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix prolifera Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix ramenskii Elenkin 1922	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix rectangularis Setchell and Gardner 1918	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix reptans Geitler 1933	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix rhizosoleniae Lemmermann 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix robusta Setchell and Gardner 1918	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix rodriguezii Bourrelly 1952	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix rosea Taylor 1928	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix rubra Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix sandvicense Nordstedt ex Schmidle 1897	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Calothrix sandvicensis corrig. Nordstedt ex Schmidle 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix santapaui Gonzalves and Kamat 1960	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix schweickerdtii Cholnoky 1952	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix scytonemicola Tilden 1910	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix seriata (Setchell and Gardner 1918) Kossinskaja 1948	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix simplex Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix simulans Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix sphaerospora Prasad and Srivastava 1965	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix stagnalis Gomont 1895	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix stellaris Bornet and Flahault 1886	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix submarchica Archibald 1967	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix tenella Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix turfosa Geitler 1933	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix viguieri Frémy 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix violacea (Wolle 1877) Forti 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Calothrix violacea Jaag 1938	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym	in need of a replacement
    Calothrix weberi Schmidle 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Calothrix wembaerensis Hieronymus and Schmidle 1898	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name

Parent taxon: Calotrichaceae corrig. Cooke 1890

Assigned by: Saraf A, Suradkar A, Dawda HG, Gaysina LA, Gabidullin Y, Kumat A, Behere I, Kotulkar M, Batule P, Singh P. Phylogenetic complexities of the members of Rivulariaceae with the re-creation of the family Calotrichaceae and description of Dulcicalothrix necridiiformans gen nov., sp nov., and reclassification of Calothrix desertica. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:1-10.

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Record number: 6412