Name: Chromobacterium Bergonzini 1880 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Chro.mo.bac.te.ri.um. Gr. neut. n. chrôma, color; N.L. neut. n. bacterium, a small rod; N.L. neut. n. Chromobacterium, a small, colored rod

Gender: neuter (stem: Chromobacteri-)

Type species: Chromobacterium violaceum Bergonzini 1880 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Bergonzini C. Sopra un nuovo bacterio colorato. Annuar Soc. Nat. Modena, Series 2 1880; 14:149-158.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP, conserved name

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Emendations:
  • De Ley et al. 1978 De Ley J, Segers P, And Gillis M. Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of Chromobacterium and Janthinobacterium Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1978; 28:154-168.

• Notes:
  • Nomenclatural type of the family Chromobacteriaceae Adeolu and Gupta 2013. Publication: Adeolu M, Gupta RS. Phylogenomics and molecular signatures for the order Neisseriales: proposal for division of the order Neisseriales into the emended family Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae fam. nov. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2013; 104:1-24.
  • Nomenclatural type of the tribe Chromobacterieae Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • Bergey et al. (1923) assigned this genus to the tribe "Chromobactereae". Publication: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1923.
  • Boone et al. (2001) assigned this genus to the family Neisseriaceae Prévot 1933 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • Breed et al. (1948) assigned this genus to the family Rhizobiaceae Conn 1938 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Burkholder WH. Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula. Bacterial plant pathogens. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 82-150.
  • Breed et al. (1957) assigned this genus to the family Rhizobiaceae Conn 1938 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Parker CD. Genus V. Thiobacillus Beijerinck 1904. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 83-88.
  • Brenner et al. (2005) assigned this genus to the order Neisseriales Tønjum 2006. Publication: Tønjum T. Order IV. Neisseriales ord. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 774.
  • Cavalier-Smith (1981) assigned this genus to the subkingdom "Eubacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1981. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine? Biosystems 1981; 14:461-481.
  • Conn (1938) assigned this genus to the family Rhizobiaceae Conn 1938 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Conn HJ. Taxonomic relationships of certain non-sporeforming rods in soil. Journal of Bacteriology 1938; 36:320-321.
  • Winslow et al. (1920) assigned this genus to the tribe Chromobacterieae Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • This taxon name is occasionally misprinted in some sources as: "Chmmobacterium"; "Chramabacterium"; "Chramobaccerium"; "Chramobaceerium"; "Chramobacterium"; "Chranwbacterium"; "Chromabacterium"; "Chrombacterium"; "Chromobaccerium"; "Chromobacierium"; "Chromobaclerium"; "Chromobacrcerium"; "Chromobactaium"; "Chromobactcrium"; "Chromobactenum"; "Chromobacter"; "Chromobacteriae"; "Chromobacterinum"; "Chromobacterlum"; "Chromobactorium"; "Chromobacwrium"; "Chromobaczcrium"; "Chromobaczerium"; "Chromobaoterium"; "Chromobaotorium"; "Chromobecterium"; "Chromobncterium"; "Chromobucterium"; "Chromobuczerium"; "Chromohacterium"; "Chromolmcterium"; "Chromolmeterium"; "Chroniobacterium"; "Chronwbactcrium"; "Chronwbacterium"; "Chrornobacterium"; "Chrumobacterium"; "Chrybacterium"; "Chvomobactevium"; "Clzromobacterium"; "Cromobacterium"; "Ihmmobacterium"; "Ohromobacterium". — This taxon name is occasionally used in plural form as: "Chromobacteria".
  • This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Hugh R, Sakazaki R. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Vibrios. Minutes of the closed meeting, 3 September 1974, Tokyo, Japan. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1975; 25:389-391.
  • Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Blackburn et al. (2020), OHara-Hanley et al. (2022). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 10; JCM: 8; ATCC: 6; NRRL: 4; CCUG: 4; LMG: 4; NCTC: 3; CIP: 2; NBRC: 2; CCM: 2.
  • Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "CRBT" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
  • Conserved name (Judicial Opinion 16). Conservation of a name, with a new nomenclatural type, and rejection of its counterpart Chromobacterium Bergonzini 1879. Publication: Judicial Commission. Judicial Opinion No. 16. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1958; 8:151-152.
  • On the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names and on the amended edition of the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names this nomenclatural name is incorrectly cited as Chromobacterium Bergonzini 1881 (sic). Publication: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.
  • See also: Publication: Euzeby JP. Necessary corrections according to judicial opinions 16, 48 and 52. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1998; 48:613.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 14
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 16
Total number of child taxa: 17

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Chromobacterium alkanivorans Bajaj et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium alticapitis O'Hara-Hanley et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium amazonense Menezes et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium aquaticum Young et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium fluviatile Moss et al. 1981	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Chromobacterium haemolyticum Han et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium paludis Blackburn et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium phragmitis Blackburn et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium piscinae Kämpfer et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium pseudoviolaceum Kämpfer et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Chromobacterium rhizoryzae Zhou et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium sinusclupearum O'Hara-Hanley et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium sphagni Blackburn et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium subtsugae Martin et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium vaccinii Soby et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chromobacterium violaceum Bergonzini 1880 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Chromobacterium viscosum" Yamaguchi et al. 1973	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)

Parent taxon: Chromobacteriaceae Adeolu and Gupta 2013

Assigned by: Adeolu M, Gupta RS. Phylogenomics and molecular signatures for the order Neisseriales: proposal for division of the order Neisseriales into the emended family Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae fam. nov. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2013; 104:1-24.

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Record number: 515365