Name: Chroococcus Nägeli 1849

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Chro.o.coc’cus. N.L. masc. n. coccus, grain; N.L. masc. n. Chroococcus, a colored coccus

Gender: masculine (stem: Chroococc-)

Type species: Chroococcus rufescens Nägeli 1849

Valid publication: Nägeli C. Gattungen einzelliger Algen, physiologisch und systematisch bearbeitet. Neue Denkschriften der Allg. Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften 1849; 10:1-139.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Rhodococcus Hansgirg 1884	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class "Chroococcophyceae" Wartenberg 1972. Publication: Wartenberg A. Systematik der niederen Pflanzen. VII. Thieme, Stuttgart, 1972.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class Chroococcophyceae Hollerbach et al. 1953. Publication: Hollerbach MM, Kosinskaya EK, Polyansky VI. Sinezelenye vodorosli. In: Anonymous NN (eds), Opredelitel presnovodnykh vodoroslej SSSR, Sovetskaya Nauka, Moskva, 1953, p. 652.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class "Chroococcophyceae" Proshkina-Lavrenko and Makarova 1968. Publication: Proshkina-Lavrenko AI, Makarova IV. Vodorosli planktona Kaspiiskogo morya [Plankton algae of the Caspian Sea]. Nauka Publ., Leningrad, 1968.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class "Chroococcophyceae" Starmach 1966. Publication: Starmach K. Cyanophyta-Sinice. Glaucophyta-Glaukofity. In: Starmach K (eds), Flora slodkowodna Polski. Band 2, Panstwowe Wydawnietwo Naukowe, Warszawa, 1966, p. 807.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Chroococcaceae Rabenhorst 1863. Publication: Rabenhorst L. Kryptogamen-Flora von Sachsen, Ober-Lausitz, Thüringen und Nord-Böhmen, mit Berücksichtigung der benachbarten Länder: erste Abtheilung: Algen im weitesten Sinne, Leber und Laubmoose. Verlag von Eduard Kummer, Leipzig, 1863.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the order Chroococcales Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the subclass "Chroococceae" Geitler 1925. Publication: Geitler L. Synoptische Darstellung der Cyanophyceen in morphologischer und systematischer Hinsicht. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 1925; 41:163-294.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the subfamily Chroococceae West 1904. Publication: West GS. A treatise on the British freshwater algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1904.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the subfamily Chroococcoideae corrig. West 1904. Publication: West GS. A treatise on the British freshwater algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1904.
  • 🧕 Ardissone (1886) assigned this genus to the order Chroococcales corrig. Ardissone 1886. Publication: Ardissone F. Phycologia mediterranea. Parte IIa. Oosporee-Zoosporee-Schizosporee. Tipografia Maj e Malnati, Varese, 1886.
  • 🧕 Bennett and Murray (1889) assigned this genus to the order Chroococcales corrig. Ardissone 1886. Publication: Bennett AW, Murray G. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1889.
  • 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this genus to the class "Cyanobacteria". Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧕 Fremy (1930) assigned this genus to the order Chroococcales corrig. Ardissone 1886. Publication: Frémy AP. Les Myxophycées de l'Afrique équatoriale française. Archives de Botanique, Mémoires 1930; 3:1-508.
  • 🧕 Geitler (1925) assigned this genus to the order Chroococcales corrig. Ardissone 1886. Publication: Geitler L. Synoptische Darstellung der Cyanophyceen in morphologischer und systematischer Hinsicht. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 1925; 41:163-294.
  • 🧕 Schaffner (1922) assigned this genus to the order Chroococcales corrig. Ardissone 1886. Publication: Schaffner JH. The classification of plants XII. Ohio Journal of Science 1922; 22:129-139.
  • 🧕 West (1904) assigned this genus to the subfamily Chroococcoideae corrig. West 1904. Publication: West GS. A treatise on the British freshwater algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1904.
  • 🧒 Komarek and Anagnostidis (1995) assigned the subgenus Limnococcus Komárek and Anagnostidis 1995 to this genus. Publication: Komárek J, Anagnostidis K. Nomenclatural novelties in chroococcalean cyanoprokaryotes. Preslia, Praha 1995; 67:15-23.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Cbroococcus"; "Chfoococeus"; "Chiroococcus"; "Chjioococcus"; "Chmococcus"; "Choococcus"; "Chraococcus"; "Chrcococcus"; "Chreccocucus"; "Chreececeus"; "Chreececycus"; "Chreocaccus"; "Chreococceus"; "Chreococcus"; "Chreococeus"; "Chroacoccus"; "Chroacoceus"; "Chroccoccus"; "Chroccoceus"; "Chrococcus"; "Chroecaccus"; "Chroecoccus"; "Chromoccus"; "Chroncoccus"; "Chroocaccus"; "Chroocccus"; "Chrooccecus"; "Chroocceeus"; "Chrooccoccus"; "Chrooccoceus"; "Chrooccocus"; "Chrooccus"; "Chrooceccus"; "Chrooceceus"; "Chrooceoccus"; "Chroochccus"; "Chroocnecus"; "Chroococcaceis"; "Chroococccus"; "Chroococceus"; "Chroococciis"; "Chroococcous"; "Chroococcua"; "Chroococeua"; "Chroococeus"; "Chroococeys"; "Chroococous"; "Chroococtus"; "Chroococus"; "Chroocoecus"; "Chroocoeeus"; "Chroocorcus"; "Chroocotcus"; "Chroocuccus"; "Chrooeeccus"; "Chrooeoccus"; "Chrooeoceue"; "Chrooeoceus"; "Chrooeoecus"; "Chrooeoeeus"; "Chrooeveeus"; "Chrooooccus"; "Chrooroccus"; "Chroowccus"; "Chropcoccus"; "Chrosceccus"; "Chroscoccus"; "Chroscoceus"; "Chroscorcus"; "Chroscoveus"; "Chroucoccus"; "Chvoococcus"; "Ciiroococcus"; "Ciroococcus"; "Ckroococcus"; "Claroococcus"; "Clhroococcus"; "Cliroococcus"; "Cliroococeus"; "Cltroococcus"; "Clwoococcus"; "Clyroococcus"; "Clzroococcus"; "Cnroococcus"; "Coroococcus"; "Cromococcus"; "Croococcus"; "Curoococcus"; "Ghraococcus"; "Ghrococcus"; "Ghroococcus"; "Ihroococcus"; "Illroococcus"; "Jhroococcus"; "Lroococcus"; "Ohroocnceus"; "Ohroococcus"; "Ohroococeus"; "Ohroocoecus"; "Ohrooeoccus"; "Ohrooeoceus"; "Ohrysococcus"; "Olwoococcus"; "Qhroococcus"; "Uhroococcus"; "Ulzroocoocus". — 🤨 This taxon name is occasionally used in plural form as: "Chroococci".
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: LEGE: 1; BRNM: 1; SP: 1; CCAP: 1.
  • 🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "CRCO" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
  • 🧍 See also Borge (1906). Publication: Borge O. Beiträge zur Algenflora von Schweden. Arkiv für Botanik 1906; 6:1-88.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 100
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 118
Total number of child taxa: 125

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Chroococcus aeruginosus Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus alpinus Schmidle 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus aphanocapsoides Skuja 1964	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus atrochalybeus Hansgirg 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus atrovirens (Corda 1829) Hansgirg 1885	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus aurantiacus Bernard 1908	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus aurantiofuscus (Kützing 1845) Rabenhorst 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus aurantius (Agardh 1824) Wille 1919	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus aureoviridis Rabenhorst 1863	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus aureus (Kützing 1846) Rabenhorst 1863	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus bataviae van Oye 1922	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    "Chroococcus batavus" Joosten 2006	not validly published	preferred name
    Chroococcus bernardii van Oye 1922	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus bituminosus (Bory 1823) Hansgirg 1885	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus brunneus (Kützing 1845) Rabenhorst 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    "Chroococcus calcicola" Anand 1936	not validly published	synonym
    Chroococcus calcicola Anand 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus caldariorum (Hansgirg 1884) Hansgirg 1885	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus catenatus Komárek and Novelo 1994	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus chalybeus (Kützing 1846) Rabenhorst 1863	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus chnaumaticus (Kützing 1846) Rabenhorst 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus cinnamomeus (Meneghini 1842) Rabenhorst 1863	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus cohaerens (Brébisson 1842) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus consociatus Hariot 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus constrictus Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus crassus (Kützing 1846) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus crepidinum (Thuret 1854) Hansgirg 1887	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus cronbergae Komárek and Novelo 1994	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Chroococcus cronbergiae corrig. Komárek and Novelo 1994	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus cubicus Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus cumulatus Bachmann 1921	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus debegenicus Cholnoky 1954	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus decorticans Braun 1850	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus deltoides Komárek and Novelo 1994	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus dimidiatus (Kützing 1834) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus dispersus (Keissler 1902) Lemmermann 1904	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus distans (Smith 1916) Komárková-Legnerová and Cronberg 1994	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus endophyticus Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus epiphyticus Jao 1964	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus ercegovicii Komárek and Anagnostidis 1995	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus fuligineus (Lenormand 1846) Rabenhorst 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus fuscescens (Kützing 1846) Richter 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus fuscoater (Kützing 1843) Rabenhorst 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus fuscoviolaceus Hansgirg 1890	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus giganteus West 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus goetzei Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus gomontii Nygaard 1926	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus granulosus Zeller 1873	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus hansgirgi Schmidle 1900	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Chroococcus hansgirgii corrig. Schmidle 1900	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus heanogloios Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus helveticus Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus indicus Bernard 1908	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym	synonym
    Chroococcus indicus Zeller 1873	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus insignis Schmidle 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus irregularis Huber-Pestalozzi 1929	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus julianus (Meneghini 1841) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus kerguelensis Wille 1928	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus limneticus Lemmermann 1898	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus lithophilus Ercegović 1925	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus macrococcus (Kützing 1843) Rabenhorst 1863	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus major Komárek and Komárkova-Legnerová 2007	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus mediocris Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus membraninus (Meneghini 1842) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus microscopicus Komárková-Legnerová and Cronberg 1994	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus minimus (Keissler 1901) Lemmermann 1904	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus minor (Kützing 1845) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus minutissimus Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus minutus (Kützing 1843) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus mipitanensis (Wołoszyńska 1912) Geitler 1925	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus molischii Schiller 1956	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    "Chroococcus montanus" Hansgirg 1887	not validly published	preferred name
    Chroococcus mougeotiae Cholnoky 1952	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus multicoloratus Wood 1869	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus muralis Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus mutisii González Guerrero 1947	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus nanoplankticus Azevedo et al. 2003	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus niger Starmach 1934	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus occidentalis (Gardner 1927) Komárek and Komárkova-Legnerová 2007	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus pallidus Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus parallelepipedon Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus polyedriformis Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus prescottii Drouet and Daily 1942	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus pulcherrimus Welsh 1965	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus purpureus Snow 1903	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus pyriformis Bennett 1888	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus quaternarius Zalessky 1926	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus raspaigellae Hauck 1888	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus rechingeri Wille 1914	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus refractus Wood 1869	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus roseus (Meneghini 1842) Wille 1925	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus rubiginosus (Suringar 1857) Rabenhorst 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus rubrapunctus Wolle 1877	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus rufescens Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus sabulosus (Meneghini 1846) Hansgirg 1885	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    "Chroococcus sarcinoides" Wislouch 1924	not validly published	preferred name
    Chroococcus sarcinoides Huber-Pestalozzi 1929	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name	in need of a replacement
    Chroococcus scherffelianus Kol 1928	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus schizodermaticus West 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus siderochlamys Skuja 1948	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus simmeri Schmidle 1898	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus smaragdinus Hauck 1888	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus solitarius Eichler 1896	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus sonorensis Drouet and Daily 1942	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus spelaeus Ercegović 1925	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus splendidus Jao 1944	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus submarinus (Hansgirg 1892) Kovácik 1988	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus subnudus (Hansgirg 1892) Cronberg and Komárek 1994	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus subsphaericus corrig. Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus subsphericus Gardner 1927	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Chroococcus subtilissimus Skuja 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus subviolaceus (Wille 1913) Gama et al. 2014	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus tenacoides Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus tenax (Kirchner 1878) Hieronymus 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus thermalis (Meneghini 1837) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus thermophilus Wood 1868	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus turgidus (Kützing 1846) Nägeli 1849	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus turicensis (Nägeli 1849) Hansgirg 1887	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus vacuolatus Skuja 1939	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus verrucosus Krieger 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus violaceus Rabenhorst 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus virescens Hantzsch 1865	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Chroococcus westii Petersen 1923	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus yellowstonensis Copeland 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Chroococcus zopfii Hansgirg 1885	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name

Parent taxon: Chroococcaceae Rabenhorst 1863

Assigned by: Strunecky O, Ivanova AP, Mares J. An updated classification of cyanobacterial orders and families based on phylogenomic and polyphasic analysis. J Phycol 2023; 59:12-51.

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Record number: 6369