Name: Leuconostoc van Tieghem 1878 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Leu.co.nos’toc. Gr. masc. adj. leukos, clear, light; N.L. neut. n. Nostoc, algal generic name; N.L. neut. n. Leuconostoc, colorless nostoc

Gender, pronunciation (Latin): neuter (stem: Leuconostoc-), le͡u-ko-NOS-tok

Type species: Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Tsenkovskii 1878) van Tieghem 1878 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Van Tieghem P. Sur la gomme de sucrerie (Leuconostoc mesenteroides). Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique 1878; 7:180-203.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 1

• Emendations:
  • Bello et al. 2022 Bello S, Rudra B, Gupta RS. Phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses of Leuconostocaceae species: identification of molecular signatures specific for the genera Leuconostoc, Fructobacillus and Oenococcus and proposal for a novel genus Periweissella gen. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5284. 🇨🇦 Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 72, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5393.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Leuconostocaceae Schleifer 2010. Publication: Schleifer K-H. Family V. Leuconostocaceae fam. nov. In: De Vos P, Garrity GM, Jones D, Krieg NR, Ludwig W, Rainey FA, K.-H. S, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, New York, 2009, p. 624. 🇧🇪
  • 🧕 Bergey et al. (1923) assigned this genus to the tribe Streptococceae Trevisan 1889 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Waksman SA. Genus III. Actinomyces Harz,. In: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923, p. 339-371.
  • 🧕 Breed et al. (1948) assigned this genus to the tribe Streptococceae Trevisan 1889 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Burkholder WH. Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula. Bacterial plant pathogens. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 82-150.
  • 🧕 Breed et al. (1957) assigned this genus to the tribe Streptococceae Trevisan 1889 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Parker CD. Genus V. Thiobacillus Beijerinck 1904. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 83-88.
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith (1981) assigned this genus to the subkingdom "Eubacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1981. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine? Biosystems 1981; 14:461-481.
  • 🧕 De Vos et al. (2009) assigned this genus to the family Leuconostocaceae Schleifer 2010. Publication: Schleifer K-H. Family V. Leuconostocaceae fam. nov. In: De Vos P, Garrity GM, Jones D, Krieg NR, Ludwig W, Rainey FA, K.-H. S, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, New York, 2009, p. 624. 🇧🇪
  • 🧕 Winslow et al. (1920) assigned this genus to the tribe Streptococceae Trevisan 1889 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus [Ascococcus]. Publication: Tsenkovskii L. Gel formation of sugar beet solutions (trans. title, orig. Russian). Proceedings of the Society of Natural Sciences of the Imperial University of Kharkov 1878; 12:137-167.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Leirconostoc"; "Leitconostoc"; "Leoconostoc"; "Leraconostoc"; "Leuconoctoc"; "Leuconosotc"; "Leuconostac"; "Leuconostocis"; "Leuconotoc"; "Leuconsotoc"; "Leuconstoc"; "Leucorwstoc"; "Leucorzostac"; "Lvuconostoc".
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Mattarelli P, Felis GE, Holzapfel WH, Franz CMAP. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes, Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related organisms. Minutes of open and closed meetings, 19 July 2016, Dublin, Ireland. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2172-2173. 🇮🇹
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Kloos WE, Hardie JM, Whiley RA. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of staphylococci and streptococci. Minutes of the meetings, 17 September 1996, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2001; 51:717-718. 🇺🇸
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Klein G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Related Organisms. Minutes of the meetings, 1 and 2 April 2005, Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Germany. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2006; 56:2501-2503.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Klein G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Related Organisms: Minutes of the meetings, 30 August and 1 September 2006, Bologna, Italy. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2007; 57:1367-1369.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Klein G. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related organisms. Minutes of the meetings, 22 and 23 September 1999, Veldhoven, The Netherlands. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2001; 51:259-261.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Bonaparte C, Klein G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related organisms. Minutes of the meetings, 31 August 2011, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 62:2546-2548.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Kagermeier-Callaway AS. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related organisms. Minutes of the meetings, 4 and 6 July 1994, Prague, Czech Republic. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50:1391-1392.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Mattarelli P, Felis GE, Pot B, Holzapfel WH, Franz CMAP. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related organisms. Minutes of the closed meeting by videoconference, 3 September 2020. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:5892. 🇮🇹
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Wu and Gu (2021), Dicks et al. (1995), Jeon et al. (2017). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🧬 The phylogenomic assignment score of this taxon is -0.00897 (N = 4).
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 26; CCUG: 24; LMG: 21; JCM: 20; CIP: 14; ATCC: 14; NCIMB: 12; NRRL: 11; NBRC: 7; NBIMCC: 5.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Taiwan has been imported on 2024-11-03. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "P650 = v". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🧍 According to Komarek and Golubic (1990) originally assigned to Cyanobacteria but probably belonging to Bacteria. Publication: Komarek J, Golubic S. Guide to the Nomenclature and formal taxonomic treatment of oxyphototroph prokaryotes (Cyanoprokaryotes). Unknown Publisher, Unknown City, 1990.
  • 🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "LEUC" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 19
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 29
Total number of child taxa: 31

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger et al. 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc aquikimchii Kim et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc argentinum Dicks et al. 1993	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc carnosum Shaw and Harding 1989	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc citreum Farrow et al. 1989	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen 1929) Garvie 1960 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc dextranicum (Beijerinck 1912) Hucker and Pederson 1930 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc durionis Leisner et al. 2005	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc falkenbergense Wu and Gu 2021	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc fallax Martínez-Murcia and Collins 1992	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc ficulneum Antunes et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc fructosum (Kodama 1956) Antunes et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Leuconostoc garlicum" Kim et al. 2002	not validly published	preferred name
    Leuconostoc gasicomitatum Björkroth et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc gelidum Shaw and Harding 1989	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc holzapfelii De Bruyne et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc inhae Kim et al. 2003	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc kimchii Kim et al. 2000	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc koreense Lee et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc lactis Garvie 1960 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc litchii Chen et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Tsenkovskii 1878) van Tieghem 1878 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc miyukkimchii Lee et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc oeni corrig. Garvie 1967 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc oenos Garvie 1967 (Approved Lists 1980)	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Leuconostoc palmae Ehrmann et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc paramesenteroides Garvie 1967 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc pseudoficulneum Chambel et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides Farrow et al. 1989	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc rapi Lyhs et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Leuconostoc suionicum (Gu et al. 2012) Jeon et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Lactobacillaceae Winslow et al. 1917 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Zheng J, Wittouck S, Salvetti E, Franz CMAP, Harris HMB, Mattarelli P, O'Toole PW, Pot B, Vandamme P, Walter J, et al. A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2782-2858. 🇮🇹

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Record number: 18094