Name: Plectonema Thuret ex Gomont 1892

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Gr. neut. n. nêma, a thread; N.L. neut. n. Plectonema, a cyanobacterial genus

Gender: neuter (stem: Plectonemat-)

Type species: Plectonema tomasinianum Bornet ex Gomont 1892

Valid publication: Gomont M. Monographie des Oscillariées (Nostocacées Homocystées) deuxiéme partie -Lyngbyées. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Série 7 1892; 16:91-264.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Glaucothrix" Kirchner 1878	heterotypic synonym, not validly published

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Plectonemataceae Elenkin 1949. Publication: Elenkin AA. Sinezelenye vodorosli SSSR. Spetsial’naya (sistematicheskaya) chast’. Vyp. 2. Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk USSR, Moskva & Leningrad, 1949.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the subfamily Plectonematoideae Anagnostidis and Komárek 1988. Publication: Anagnostidis K, Komarek J. Modern approach to the classification system of cyanophytes - 3 - Oscillatoriales. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 1988; 80, 1-4:327-472.
  • 🧕 Anagnostidis and Komarek (1988) assigned this genus to the subfamily Plectonematoideae Anagnostidis and Komárek 1988. Publication: Anagnostidis K, Komárek J. Modern approach to the classification system of cyanophytes. 3. Oscillatoriales. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement 1988; 80:327-472.
  • 🧕 Elenkin (1949) assigned this genus to the family Plectonemataceae Elenkin 1949. Publication: Elenkin AA. Sinezeleniye vodorosli SSSR. Monografiya presnovodnykh i nazemnykh S'yanofiseaye, obnaruzhennykh v predelakh SSSR. Spetsial'naya (sistematicheskaya) chast', vyp. II. III. Hormogoneae (Geitl.) Elenk. (okonchaniye). Izdate'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1949.
  • 🧕 Geitler (1925) assigned this genus to the family Scytonemataceae corrig. Frank 1886. Publication: Geitler L. Synoptische Darstellung der Cyanophyceen in morphologischer und systematischer Hinsicht. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 1925; 41:163-294.
  • 🧕 Hoffmann et al. (2005) assigned this genus to the family Oscillatoriaceae Engler 1898. Publication: Hoffmann L, Komárek J, Kaštovský J. System of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacteria) – state in 2004. Algol. Stud. 2005; 117:95-115.
  • 🧕 Komarek et al. (2014) assigned this genus to the family Oscillatoriaceae Engler 1898. Publication: Komárek J, Kaštovský J, Mareš J, Johansen JR. Taxonomic classification of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacterial genera) 2014, using a polyphasic approach. Preslia 2014; 86:295-335.
  • 🧒 Forti (1907) assigned the uncategorized "Euplectonema" to this genus. — 🧒 Forti (1907) assigned the uncategorized "Pseudophormidium" to this genus. — 🧒 Forti (1907) assigned the uncategorized "Terebra" to this genus. Publication: Forti A. Sylloge Myxophycearum. In: De Toni JB (eds), Sylloge algarum omnium hucusque cognitarum. Vol. V, Sumptibus auctoris, Patavii, 1907, p. 1-761.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Flectonema"; "Piectonema"; "Pkctonema"; "Pkectonema"; "Plactonema"; "Plcctonema"; "Plecetonema"; "Plecfonema"; "Plecioncma"; "Plecionema"; "Pleclonema"; "Pleclunema"; "Plecmnema"; "Plectanema"; "Plectcnema"; "Plectenema"; "Plectnema"; "Plectomema"; "Plectomena"; "Plectoncma"; "Plectonemati"; "Plectonemea"; "Plectonenia"; "Plectonerna"; "Plectoneta"; "Plectonmna"; "Plectonrma"; "Plectoruma"; "Plectouema"; "Plecwnema"; "Pleectonema"; "Pleetonema"; "Pleotonema"; "Pleptonema"; "Plertonema"; "Ptecfonema"; "Tlectonema".
  • 🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "PTNM" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 15
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 53
Total number of child taxa: 63

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Plectonema africanum Borge 1928	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema algeriense Behre 1953	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema andinum Schwabe 1960	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema batrachosperma corrig. Starmach 1957	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema batrachospermi Starmach 1957	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Plectonema battersii Gomont 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema boryanum Gomont 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema calothrichoides Gomont 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema capitata Jaag 1935	inaccurate spelling and illegitimate (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Plectonema capitatum corrig. Jaag 1935	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym	synonym
    Plectonema capitatum Lemmermann 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema carneum Lemmermann 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema cloverianum Drouet 1942	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema congregationis Schwabe 1962	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema corynoideum Beljakova 1989	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema crispatum Playfair 1915	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema dangeardii Frémy 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema diplosiphon Woronichin 1923	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema endolithicum Ercegović 1932	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema flexuosum Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema fortii Frémy 1930	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema gloeophilum Borzì 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema golenkinianum Gomont 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema gracillimum Zopf ex Hansgirg 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema hansgirgi Schmidle 1900	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Plectonema hansgirgii corrig. Schmidle 1900	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema indica Dixit 1936	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Plectonema indicum corrig. Dixit 1936	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema jaagii Geitler 1942	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    "Plectonema litorale" Anand 1936	not validly published	synonym
    Plectonema litorale corrig. Anand 1937	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema litoralis Anand 1937	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Plectonema malayense Biswas 1929	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema monodii Compère 1970	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema mucicola An 1992	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema murale Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema norvegicum Gomont 1899	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema nostocorum Bornet ex Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema notatum Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema phormidioides Hansgirg ex Forti 1907	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema polymorphum Schwabe 1960	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema purpureum Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    "Plectonema puteale" (Kirchner 1878) ex Hansgirg 1887	not validly published	synonym
    Plectonema puteale (Kirchner 1878) ex Hansgirg 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema radiosum Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema rhenanum Schmidle 1897	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema roseolum Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema rugosum Jao 1947	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema schmidlei Limanowska 1912	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    "Plectonema spelaeoides" Cado 1959	not validly published	preferred name
    Plectonema spirale Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    "Plectonema spirale" Schwabe and El Ayouty 1966	not validly published	preferred name
    Plectonema spongiosum Schwabe 1962	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema subtile Gayral and Mazancourt 1959	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema tatrica Starmach 1963	inaccurate spelling (ICN [Botanical Code])	misspelling
    Plectonema tatricum corrig. Starmach 1963	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema tauricum Woronichin 1932	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema tenue Thuret ex Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema tenuissimum Gardner 1927	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema terebrans Bornet and Flahault ex Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym
    Plectonema tomasinianum Bornet ex Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema volkensii Schmidle 1901	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	correct name
    Plectonema wollei Farlow ex Gomont 1892	validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)	synonym

Parent taxon: Microcoleaceae (Hansgirg 1892) Strunecký et al. 2013

Assigned by: Strunecky O, Ivanova AP, Mares J. An updated classification of cyanobacterial orders and families based on phylogenomic and polyphasic analysis. J Phycol 2023; 59:12-51.

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Record number: 6343