Name: Rhizobium Frank 1889 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Rhi.zo’bi.um. Gr. fem. n. rhiza, a root; Gr. masc. n. bios, life; N.L. neut. n. Rhizobium, that which lives in a root

Gender, pronunciation: neuter (stem: Rhizobi-), r^hi-ZO-bi-um

Type species: Rhizobium leguminosarum (Frank 1879) Frank 1889 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Frank B. Über die Pilzsymbiose der Leguminosen. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 1889; 7:332-346.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP, conserved name

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Metarhizobium" Ma et al. 2023	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    Paenirhizobium Ma et al. 2025	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Peteryoungia Rahi et al. 2021	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Emendations:
  • Young et al. 2001 Young JM, Kuykendall LD, Martinez-Romero E, Kerr A, Sawada H. A revision of Rhizobium Frank 1889, with an emended description of the genus, and the inclusion of all species of Agrobacterium Conn 1942 and Allorhizobium undicola de Lajudie et al. 1998 as new combinations: Rhizobium radiobacter, R. rhizogenes, R. rubi, R. undicola and R. vitis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:89-103. 🇺🇸 Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 51, part 1 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:269.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the proposal of 5 new species in the genus.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Rhizobiaceae Conn 1938 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Conn HJ. Agricultural and industrial bacteriology. Journal of Bacteriology 1938; 36:320-321.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the order Rhizobiales Kuykendall 2006. Publication: Kuykendall LD. Order VI. Rhizobiales ord. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 324. 🇺🇸
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the tribe Rhizobieae Prévot 1948 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Prévot AR. Manuel de classification et de determination des bacteries anaerobies. 2nd ed. Masson, Paris, 1948.
  • 🧕 Bergey et al. (1923) assigned this genus to the tribe "Azotobactereae". Publication: Waksman SA. Genus III. Actinomyces Harz,. In: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923, p. 339-371.
  • 🧕 Brenner et al. (2005) assigned this genus to the order Rhizobiales Kuykendall 2006. Publication: Kuykendall LD. Order VI. Rhizobiales ord. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 324. 🇺🇸
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith (1981) assigned this genus to the subkingdom "Eubacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1981. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine? Biosystems 1981; 14:461-481.
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith (2002) assigned this genus to the class Alphabacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76. 🇬🇧
  • 🧕 Kluyver and Van Niel (1936) assigned this genus to the tribe Pseudomonadeae Kluyver and Van Niel 1936 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Kluyver AJ, Van Niel CB. Prospects for a natural system of classification of bacteria. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung II 1936; 94:369-403.
  • 🧕 Prevot (1948) assigned this genus to the tribe Rhizobieae Prévot 1948 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Prévot AR. Manuel de Classification et de Détermination des Bactéries Anaérobies, 2nd ed. Masson, Paris, 1948.
  • 🧕 Winslow et al. (1920) assigned this genus to the tribe "Azotobactereae". Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus [Schinzia]. Publication: Frank B. Über die Parasiten in den Wurzelanschwellungen der Papilionaceen. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 1879; 37:394-399.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Klhizobium"; "Mizobium"; "Rhfrobium"; "Rhiozobium"; "Rhisobium"; "Rhixobium"; "Rhizabium"; "Rhizbium"; "Rhizobhun"; "Rhizobinm"; "Rhizobiumwas"; "Rhizobiuni"; "Rhizobiurn"; "Rhizobizim"; "Rhizobum"; "Rhizohiuin"; "Rhizohium"; "Rhizohiurn"; "Rhizolfium"; "Rhizomium"; "Rhizubiurn"; "Rhkobium"; "Rhlzobiuin"; "Rhrzobium"; "Rhuobium"; "Rhzzobium"; "Rizobium"; "Rldzobium"; "Rliizobium"; "Rllizobium"; "Rltizobium"; "Uhizobium".
  • 🖹 Minimal standards for the description of new taxa in this group were published in 1991. Publication: Graham PH, Sadowsky MJ, Keyser HH, Barnet YM, Bradley RS, Cooper JE, De Ley DJ, Jarvis BDW, Roslycky EB, Strijdom BW, et al. Proposed Minimal Standards for the Description of New Genera and Species of Root- and Stem-Nodulating Bacteria. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1991; 41:582-587. 🇳🇿
  • 🖹 Minimal standards for the description of new taxa in this group were published in 1991. Publication: P.h. Graham MJS, H.h. Keyser YMB, R.s. Bradley JEC, D.j. de Ley BDWJ, E.b. Roslycky. B.w. Strijdom JPWY. Proposed Minimal Standards for the Description of New Genera and Species of Root- and Stem-Nodulating Bacteria. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 1991; 41:582-587. 🇳🇿
  • 🖹 Minimal standards for the description of new taxa in this group were published in 2019. Publication: de Lajudie PM, Andrews M, Ardley J, Eardly B, Jumas-Bilak E, Kuzmanovic N, Lassalle F, Lindstrom K, Mhamdi R, Martinez-Romero E, et al. Minimal standards for the description of new genera and species of rhizobia and agrobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1852-1863. 🇫🇷
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Lindstrom K, Young JP. International committee on systematics of prokaryotes; subcommittee on the taxonomy of agrobacterium and rhizobium: minutes of the meetings, 31 August 2008, Gent, Belgium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:921-922.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: de Lajudie PM, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of rhizobia and agrobacteria Minutes of the closed meeting, Granada, 4 September 2017. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3363-3368. 🇫🇷
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: de Lajudie P, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria Minutes of the meeting by video conference, 11 July 2018. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1835-1840. 🇫🇷
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Lindström K, Martinez-Romero ME. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Minutes of the meeting, 4 July 2001, Hamilton, Canada. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2002; 52:2337.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: de Lajudie P, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria Minutes of the closed meeting by videoconference, 17 July 2019. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:3563-3571. 🇫🇷
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: de Lajudie P, Martinez-Romero E. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium Minutes of the meeting, 7 September 2014, Tenerife, Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:516-520. 🇫🇷
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: de Lajudie PM, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee for the Taxonomy of Rhizobium and Agrobacterium Minutes of the meeting, Budapest, 25 August 2016. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:2485-2494. 🇫🇷
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Lindstrom K, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium: minutes of the meeting, 7 September 2010, Geneva, Switzerland. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:3089-3093.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Mousavi SA, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria. Minutes of the closed annual meeting: videoconference on 11 October 2022 followed by online discussion until 31 December 2022. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:5856. 🇬🇧
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Mousavi SA, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes, Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria, minutes of the annual meeting by videoconference, 5 July 2021, followed by online discussion until 31 December 2021. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5453. 🇫🇮
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Lindström K, Martínez-Romero ME. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes; Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2005; 55:1383-1383.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Mousavi SA, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria: Minutes of the closed annual meeting, videoconference on 2 October 2023, followed by online discussion until 31 December 2023. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:6276. 🇫🇮
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: E. Lindstroem MM-R. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium: Minutes of the meeting, 26 July 2004, Toulouse, France. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2005; 55:1383-1383.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Mousavi SA, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria: minutes of the 2024 closed annual meeting. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6680. 🇫🇮
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Hsouna et al. (2023), Rincon-Rosales et al. (2013), Ren et al. (2011), Wang et al. (1998), Rozahon et al. (2014). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: LMG: 85; DSM: 77; HAMBI: 50; JCM: 43; ATCC: 33; NBRC: 27; KCTC: 26; CIP: 24; CCTCC: 16; ACCC: 14.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "RHIZ" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
  • 🧍 See Young et al. (2003) for an overview of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the group. Publication: Young JM, Kuykendall LD, Martinez-Romero E, Kerr A, Sawada H. Classification and nomenclature of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1689-1695. 🇳🇿
  • 🧍 Conserved name (Judicial Opinion 34). Only conservation of a name, and over all earlier homotypic synonyms. Publication: Judicial Commission. Judicial Opinion No. 34. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1970; 20:11-12.
  • 🧍 On the other hand, the subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium does not endorse the genus Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988 [2]. Publication: Martinez-Romero ME, Jarvis BDW. ICSB, SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE TAXONOMY OF AGROBACTERIUM AND RHIZOBIUM: Minutes of the meeting, 10 December 1992, Cancun, Mexico. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1993; 43:622. 🇳🇿

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 94
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 141
Total number of child taxa: 170

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Rhizobium acaciae Hsouna et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium acidisoli Román-Ponce et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium aegyptiacum Shamseldin et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium aethiopicum Aserse et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium aggregatum (Hirsch and Müller 1986) Kaur et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium alamii Berge et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium alarense" Shen et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium album Hang et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium albus" Li et al. 2017	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium alkalisoli Lu et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium altiplani Baraúna et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium alvei Sheu et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium anhuiense Zhang et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium aouanii Hsouna et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium aquaticum Máthé et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium arachis" Wang et al. 2001	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium arenae Zhang et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium arsenicireducens Mohapatra et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium atlanticum" Moura et al. 2023	not validly published	preferred name
    "Rhizobium aureum" Moura et al. 2023	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium azibense Mnasri et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium azooxidifex Behrendt et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium bangladeshense Rashid et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium beringeri Young et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium binae Rashid et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium binxianense Liu et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium borbori Zhang et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium brockwellii Young et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium calliandrae Rincón-Rosales et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium capsici Lin et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium cauense Liu et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium cellulosilyticum García-Fraile et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Rhizobium centroccidentale" Moura et al. 2023	not validly published	preferred name
    "Rhizobium cerradonense" Moura et al. 2023	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium changzhiense Zhang et al. 2021	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium chutanense Huo et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium ciceri Nour et al. 1994	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium cremeum Yang et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium croatiense Rajnovic et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium daejeonense Quan et al. 2005	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium deserti" Liu et al. 2020	not validly published	synonym
    Rhizobium dioscoreae Ouyabe et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium ecuadorense Ribeiro et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium endolithicum Parag et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium endophyticum López-López et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium esperanzae Cordeiro et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium etli Segovia et al. 1993	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium fabae Tian et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium favelukesii Torres Tejerizo et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium flavescens" Su et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium flavum Gu et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium fredii Scholla and Elkan 1984	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium freirei Dall'Agnol et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium galegae Lindström 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium gallicum Amarger et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium gei Shi et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium giardinii Amarger et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Rhizobium glycinendophyticum" Wang et al. 2020	not validly published	synonym
    Rhizobium grahamii López-López et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium hainanense Chen et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium halophilum" Shen et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium halophytocola Bibi et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Rhizobium halotolerans" Diange and Lee 2013	not validly published	synonym
    "Rhizobium hedysari" Casella et al. 1986	not validly published	preferred name
    "Rhizobium hedysari" Xu et al. 2017	not validly published	preferred name
    "Rhizobium hedysarum" Casella et al. 1984	not validly published	synonym
    "Rhizobium helanshanense" Qin et al. 2012	not validly published	synonym
    Rhizobium helianthi Wei et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium herbae Ren et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium hidalgonense Yan et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium huakuii Chen et al. 1991	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium huautlense Wang et al. 1998	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Rhizobium indicum" Rahi et al. 2020	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium indigoferae Wei et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium ipomoeae Sheu et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium jaguaris Rincón-Rosales et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium japonicum (Kirchner 1896) Buchanan 1926 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium johnstonii Young et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium kunmingense Shen et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium laguerreae Saïdi et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium larrymoorei (Bouzar and Jones 2001) Young 2004	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium leguminosarum (Frank 1879) Frank 1889 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium lemnae Kittiwongwattana and Thawai 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium lentis Rashid et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium leucaenae Ribeiro et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium loessense Wei et al. 2003	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium loti Jarvis et al. 1982	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium lupini (Schroeter 1886) Eckhardt et al. 1931 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium lusitanum Valverde et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium marinum Liu et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Candidatus Rhizobium massiliae" Greub et al. 2004	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    "Candidatus Rhizobium massiliense" corrig. Greub et al. 2004	not validly published	pro-correct name
    Rhizobium mayense Rincón-Rosales et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium mediterraneum Nour et al. 1995	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium meliloti Dangeard 1926 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium mesoamericanum López-López et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium mesosinicum Lin et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium metallidurans Grison et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium miluonense Gu et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium mongolense Van Berkum et al. 1998	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium mulingense Liu et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium multihospitium Han et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium naphthalenivorans Kaiya et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium nepotum Puławska et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium oryzae Peng et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium oryzicola Zhang et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium oryzihabitans" Zhao et al. 2020	not validly published	synonym
    Rhizobium oryziradicis Zhao et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium pakistanense corrig. Khalid et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium pakistanensis Khalid et al. 2015	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Rhizobium paknamense Kittiwongwattana and Thawai 2013	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium panacihumi Kang et al. 2021	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Rhizobium pantanalense" Moura et al. 2023	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium paranaense Dall'Agnol et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium petrolearium Zhang et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium phaseoli Dangeard 1926 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium phenanthrenilyticum" Wen et al. 2011	not validly published	synonym
    Rhizobium pisi Ramírez-Bahena et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium pongamiae" Kesari et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium populi Rozahon et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium populisoli Shen et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium pseudoryzae Zhang et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium puerariae Boonsnongcheep et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium pusense Panday et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Rhizobium qilianshanense" Xu et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name
    "Rhizobium quercicola" Wang et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Young et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium redzepovicii Rajnovic et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium rhizogenes (Riker et al. 1930) Young et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium rhizolycopersici Thin et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium rhizophilum Gao et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium rhizoryzae Zhang et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Rhizobium rhizosphaerae" Zhao et al. 2017	not validly published	synonym
    Rhizobium rhododendri Kuzmanović et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium rosettiformans Kaur et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium rubi (Hildebrand 1940) Young et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium ruizarguesonis Jorrin et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium selenireducens Hunter et al. 2008	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Rhizobium selenitireducens corrig. Hunter et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium setariae Kang and Seo 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium skierniewicense Puławska et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium smilacinae Zhang et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium soli Yoon et al. 2010	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium sophorae Jiao et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium sophoriradicis Jiao et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium sphaerophysae Xu et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium straminoryzae Lin et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium subbaraonis Ramana et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium sullae Squartini et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium taibaishanense Yao et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium tarimense Turdahon et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium terrae Ruan et al. 2021	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium terricola Dahal et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium tianshanense Chen et al. 1995	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium tibeticum Hou et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium trifolii Dangeard 1926 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium tropici Martínez-Romero et al. 1991	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium tubonense Zhang et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Rhizobium tumefaciens" Zhang et al. 2025	not validly published	preferred name
    Rhizobium tumorigenes Kuzmanović et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium undicola (de Lajudie et al. 1998) Young et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium vallis Wang et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium vignae Ren et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium viscosum (Gasdorf et al. 1965) Flores-Félix et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium vitis (Ophel and Kerr 1990) Young et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium wenxiniae Gao et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium wuzhouense Yuan et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium yanglingense Tan et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rhizobium yantingense Chen et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Rhizobium zeae Celador-Lera et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Rhizobiaceae Conn 1938 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Parker CD. Genus V. Thiobacillus Beijerinck 1904. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 83-88.

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Record number: 517106