Name: Chlamydiales Storz and Page 1971 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Order

Proposed as: ord. nov.

Etymology: Chla.my.dia’les. N.L. fem. n. Chlamydia, type genus of the order; L. fem. pl. n. suff. -ales, ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n. Chlamydiales, the Chlamydia order

Gender: feminine

Type genus: Chlamydia Jones et al. 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)

Effective publication: Storz J, Page LA. Taxonomy of the Chlamydiae: Reasons for Classifying Organisms of the Genus Chlamydia, Family Chlamydiaceae, in a Separate Order, Chlamydiales ord. Nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1971; 21:332-334.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Parachlamydiales Gupta et al. 2016	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Emendations:
  • Everett et al. 1999 Everett KD, Bush RM, Andersen AA. Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:415-440. Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 49, part 2 of the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:937-939.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 3 families in the order.
    • 🧍 In a "Letter to the Editor", several bacteriologists [1] strongly object to the reclassification of the order Chlamydiales proposed by Everett et al. 1999. — 🧍 See also, the reply by Everett and Andersen [2].
  • Gupta et al. 2015 Gupta RS, Naushad S, Chokshi C, Griffiths E, Adeolu M. A phylogenomic and molecular markers based analysis of the phylum Chlamydiae: proposal to divide the class Chlamydiia into two orders, Chlamydiales and Parachlamydiales ord. nov., and emended description of the class Chlamydiia. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 108:765-781. Oren A, Garrity GM. List of changes in taxonomic opinion no. 24. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:2469-2470.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 4 families in the order.
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 5 families from the order.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class Chlamydiae Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the infraphylum "Chlamydiia" Cavalier-Smith 2020. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE. Multidomain ribosomal protein trees and the planctobacterial origin of neomura (eukaryotes, archaebacteria). Protoplasma 2020; 257:621-753.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the phylum "Chlamydiae" Garrity and Holt 2001. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 1, Springer, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this order to the class "Chlamydiae". Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Draghi et al. (2004) assigned the genus "Candidatus Piscichlamydia" Draghi et al. 2004 to this order. Publication: Draghi A, Popov VL, Kahl MM, Stanton JB, Brown CC, Tsongalis GJ, West AB, Frasca SJ. Characterization of "Candidatus piscichlamydia salmonis" (order Chlamydiales), a chlamydia-like bacterium associated with epitheliocystis in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:5286-5297.
  • 🧒 Gupta et al. (2015) assigned the family "Candidatus Clavichlamydiaceae" Horn 2010 to this order. Publication: Gupta RS, Naushad S, Chokshi C, Griffiths E, Adeolu M. A phylogenomic and molecular markers based analysis of the phylum Chlamydiae: proposal to divide the class Chlamydiia into two orders, Chlamydiales and Parachlamydiales ord. nov., and emended description of the class Chlamydiia. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 108:765-781.
  • 🧒 Kostanjsek et al. (2004) assigned the genus "Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia" Kostanjšek et al. 2004 to this order. Publication: Kostanjsek R, Strus J, Drobne D, Avgustin G. 'Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia porcellionis', an intracellular bacterium from the hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:543-549.
  • 🧒 Krieg et al. (2010) assigned the family "Candidatus Clavichlamydiaceae" Horn 2010 to this order. Publication: Horn M. Family II. “Candidatus Clavichlamydiaceae”. In: Krieg NR, Staley JT, Brown DR, Hedlund BP, Paster BJ, et al. (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes, vol. 4, 2nd ed., Springer, New York, 2010, p. 865.
  • 🧒 Storz and Page (1971) assigned the genus Chlamydia Jones et al. 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Storz J, Page LA. Taxonomy of the Chlamydiae: Reasons for Classifying Organisms of the Genus Chlamydia, Family Chlamydiaceae, in a Separate Order, Chlamydiales ord. Nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1971; 21:332-334.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Cblamydiales"; "Chalmydiales"; "Chamydiales"; "Chiamydiales"; "Chlamjdiales".
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Greub G, Bavoil P. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 7 September 2016, Oxford, UK. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3683-3684.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 5 July 2018, Woudschoten, Zeist, The Netherlands. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2606-2608.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Horn M, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 20 March 2019, Seattle, WA, USA. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3654-3656.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G, For The Icsp Subcommittee On The Taxonomy Of Chlamydiae. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: Minutes of the closed meeting, March 20, Meeting of the Chlamydia Research Society, Omaha, NE, USA. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6004.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 31 March 2015, New Orleans, USA. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:512-513.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: Minutes of the closed meeting, 25 August 2022, ESCCAR Meeting Lausanne, Switzerland. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2023; 73:0.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae, minutes of the closed meeting, 07 October 2021, via Webex. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5213.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: Minutes of the closed meeting, March 20, Meeting of the Chlamydia Research Society, Omaha, NE, USA. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2023; 73:0.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae, minutes of the closed meeting, 10 September 2020, via Zoom. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4620.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G, For The Icsp Subcommittee On The Taxonomy Of. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6670.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2025; 75:0.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: ATCC: 22; DSM: 22; CSUR: 11; B: 2.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 4
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 4
Total number of child taxa: 12

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    "Candidatus Actinochlamydiaceae" Steigen et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name
    Chlamydiaceae Rake 1957 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    [Chlamydiales, not assigned to family]	artificial parent node of taxa incertae sedis
    "Chlamydozoaceae" Breed et al. 1948	not validly published	synonym
    "Candidatus Clavichlamydiaceae" Horn 2010	not validly published	synonym
    "Candidatus Criblamydiaceae" Thomas et al. 2006	not validly published	pro-correct name
    Parachlamydiaceae Everett et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Parilichlamydiaceae" Stride et al. 2013	not validly published	pro-correct name
    "Candidatus Piscichlamydiaceae" Horn 2010	not validly published	pro-correct name
    "Candidatus Rhabdochlamydiaceae" Horn 2010	not validly published	preferred name
    Simkaniaceae Everett et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Waddliaceae Rurangirwa et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Chlamydiia Horn 2016

Assigned by: Gupta RS, Naushad S, Chokshi C, Griffiths E, Adeolu M. A phylogenomic and molecular markers based analysis of the phylum Chlamydiae: proposal to divide the class Chlamydiia into two orders, Chlamydiales and Parachlamydiales ord. nov., and emended description of the class Chlamydiia. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 108:765-781.

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Record number: 5015