Name: Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: u.ri.na’le. L. neut. adj. urinale, pertaining to urine

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: … u-ri-NA-le, neuter

Type strain: CCUG 46093; CIP 107424; DSM 15805; R9242

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AJ439453 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Hall V, Collins MD, Hutson RA, Falsen E, Inganas E, Duerden BI. Actinobaculum urinale sp. nov., from human urine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:679-682. 🇬🇧

IJSEM list: Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 53, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1221-1222.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: synonym (and not recommended for medical use)

Correct name: Actinotignum urinale (Hall et al. 2003) Yassin et al. 2015

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Actinotignum urinale (Hall et al. 2003) Yassin et al. 2015	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • ❗ Actinobaculum urinale is the correct name instead if this species is regarded as a separate species (i.e., if its nomenclatural type is not assigned to another species whose name is validly published, legitimate and not rejected and has priority) within a separate genus Actinobaculum.
  • 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-05. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "human pathogen". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 3 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🙅 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as a synonym of the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
  • 🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is an established human pathogen. Publication: Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology (Reading) 2022; 168:0. 🇬🇧

Parent taxon: Actinobaculum Lawson et al. 1997

Assigned by: Hall V, Collins MD, Hutson RA, Falsen E, Inganas E, Duerden BI. Actinobaculum urinale sp. nov., from human urine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:679-682. 🇬🇧

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Record number: 772665