Name: Azospirillum humicireducens Zhou et al. 2013

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: hu.mi.ci.re.du’cens. N.L. masc. adj. humicus, humic; from L. fem. n. humus, soil; L. pres. part. reducens, leading back, bringing back and in chemistry converting to a different oxidation state; N.L. neut. part. adj. humicireducens, converting humic substances to a reduced oxidation state

Pronunciation, gender: hu-mi-ki-re-DU-kens, neuter

Type strain: CCTCC AB 2012021; KACC 16605; SgZ-5

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: JX274435 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Zhou S, Han L, Wang Y, Yang G, Zhuang L, Hu P. Azospirillum humicireducens sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from a microbial fuel cell. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2618-2624.

IJSEM list: Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 63, part 7 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:3549-3550.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 1

• Notes:
  • 😢 The terminology used by the authors is in line with many other taxonomic studies and does not negatively affect their main results; some improvements may nevertheless be possible. Contrasting the term "chemotaxonomic" with "phenotypic" is not recommended. Using the term "phylogenetic data" (or equivalent) for sequence data is not advocated. Whether taxa can have "members" is debatable. See the LPSN phylogeny page for details. Publication: Göker M. What can genome analysis offer for bacteria? In: Bridge P, Smith D, Stackebrandt E (eds), Trends in the systematics of bacteria and fungi, CAB International, Wallingford, 2021, p. 255-281.
  • 🧬 The phylogenomic assignment score of this taxon is 0.26229 (N = 5).
  • 😷 The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 4 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🧍 The phylogenetic position of this species was determined in a genome-scale analysis by Hördt et al. (2020). Publication: Hordt A, Lopez MG, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Schleuning M, Weinhold LM, Tindall BJ, Gronow S, Kyrpides NC, Woyke T, Goker M. Analysis of 1,000+ Type-Strain Genomes Substantially Improves Taxonomic Classification of Alphaproteobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:468.

Parent taxon: Azospirillum Tarrand et al. 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Zhou S, Han L, Wang Y, Yang G, Zhuang L, Hu P. Azospirillum humicireducens sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from a microbial fuel cell. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2618-2624.

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Record number: 790907