Name: "Bacterium tumefaciens" Smith and Townsend 1907

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: tu.me.fa’ci.ens. L. v. tumefacio, to cause to swell, to tumefy; L. neut. part. adj. tumefaciens, causing to swell, tumor producing

Pronunciation, gender: tu-me-FA-ki-ens, neuter

Nomenclatural type: A1; ATCC 4720; CCM 1000; CFBP 2412; CIP 104335; DSM 30150; ICMP 5793; LMG 182; NCIB 8150; NCIMB 8150; NCPPB 2992

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: MT534522 Analyse FASTA

Original publication: Smith EF, Townsend CO. A PLANT-TUMOR OF BACTERIAL ORIGIN. Science 1907; 25:671-673.

Nomenclatural status: not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists

Taxonomic status: synonym (and no standing)

Correct name: Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942 (Approved Lists 1980)

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • ⏲ According to Sawada et al. (1993), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of "Bacillus radiobacter" Beijerinck and van Delden 1902. Publication: Sawada H, Ieki H, Oyaizu H, Matsumoto S. Proposal for rejection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and revised descriptions for the genus Agrobacterium and for Agrobacterium radiobacter and Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1993; 43:694-702.
  • ⏲ According to Sawada et al. (1993), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of Agrobacterium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Conn 1942 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Sawada H, Ieki H, Oyaizu H, Matsumoto S. Proposal for rejection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and revised descriptions for the genus Agrobacterium and for Agrobacterium radiobacter and Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1993; 43:694-702.
  • ⏲ According to Sawada et al. (1993), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of Rhizobium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Young et al. 2001. Publication: Sawada H, Ieki H, Oyaizu H, Matsumoto S. Proposal for rejection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and revised descriptions for the genus Agrobacterium and for Agrobacterium radiobacter and Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1993; 43:694-702.
  • ⏲ According to Velazquez et al. (2020), this species is not a later heterotypic synonym of "Bacillus radiobacter" Beijerinck and van Delden 1902. Publication: Velazquez E, Flores-Felix JD, Sanchez-Juanes F, Igual JM, Peix A. Strain ATCC 4720^T is the authentic type strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which is not a later heterotypic synonym of Agrobacterium radiobacter. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:5172-5176.
  • ⏲ According to Velazquez et al. (2020), this species is not a later heterotypic synonym of Agrobacterium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Conn 1942 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Velazquez E, Flores-Felix JD, Sanchez-Juanes F, Igual JM, Peix A. Strain ATCC 4720^T is the authentic type strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which is not a later heterotypic synonym of Agrobacterium radiobacter. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:5172-5176.
  • ⏲ According to Velazquez et al. (2020), this species is not a later heterotypic synonym of Rhizobium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Young et al. 2001. Publication: Velazquez E, Flores-Felix JD, Sanchez-Juanes F, Igual JM, Peix A. Strain ATCC 4720^T is the authentic type strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which is not a later heterotypic synonym of Agrobacterium radiobacter. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:5172-5176.
  • 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.

Parent taxon: "Bacterium" Ehrenberg 1831

Assigned by: Smith EF, Townsend CO. A PLANT-TUMOR OF BACTERIAL ORIGIN. Science 1907; 25:671-673.

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Record number: 4233