Species ***Burkholderia* *gladioli***

Classification:

Bacteria Pseudomonadati Pseudomonadota Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Burkholderiaceae Burkholderia Burkholderia gladioli

Name: Burkholderia gladioli (Severini 1913) Yabuuchi et al. 1993

Category, proposed as: species, comb. nov.

Basonym: Pseudomonas gladioli Severini 1913 (Approved Lists 1980)

Etymology: gla.di’o.li. M.L. masc. n. gladiolus, a small sword, lily, and also a botanical generic name; M.L. gen. masc. n. gladioli, of lily, of Gladiolus

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: burk-hol-DE-ri-a gla-DI-o-li, feminine

Type strain: ATCC 10248; CCUG 1782; CFBP 2427; CIP 105410; DSM 4285; DSM 8361; HAMBI 2157; ICMP 3950; IFO 13700; JCM 9311; LMG 2216; NBIMCC 8569; NBRC 13700; NCCB 38018; NCPPB 1891; NCTC 12378; NRRL B-793

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: GU936677 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Yabuuchi E, Kosako Y, Oyaizu H, Yano I, Hotta H, Hashimoto Y, Ezaki T, Arakawa M. Proposal of Burkholderia gen. nov. and transfer of seven species of the genus Pseudomonas homology group II to the new genus, with the type species Burkholderia cepacia (Palleroni and Holmes 1981) comb. nov. Microbiol Immunol 1992; 36:1251-1275. 🇯🇵

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Validation list no. 45. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1993; 43:398-399.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 2

Synonyms:

Name	Kind
Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) Gillis et al. 1995	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name
Pseudomonas cocovenenans van Damme et al. 1960 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) Zhao et al. 1995	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
Pseudomonas gladioli Severini 1913 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
Pseudomonas antimicrobica Attafuah and Bradbury 1990	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

Emendations:
- Jiao et al. 2003 Jiao Z, Kawamura Y, Mishima N, Yang R, Li N, Liu X, Ezaki T. Need to differentiate lethal toxin-producing strains of Burkholderia gladioli, which cause severe food poisoning: description of B. gladioli pathovar cocovenenans and an emended description of B. gladioli. Microbiol Immunol 2003; 47:915-925. 🇯🇵
  Notes:
  - 🧍 As of 2026-03-16 this emendation was not yet included in an IJSEM List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion.

Notes:
- ⏰ According to Coenye et al. (1999), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) Gillis et al. 1995. Publication: Coenye T, Holmes B, Kersters K, Govan JR, Vandamme P. Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) Gillis et al. 1995 and Burkholderia vandii Urakami et al. 1994 are junior synonyms of Burkholderia gladioli (Severini 1913) Yabuuchi et al. 1993 and Burkholderia plantarii (Azegami et al. 1987) Urakami et al. 1994, respectively. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:37-42. 🇧🇪
- ⏰ According to Coenye et al. (1999), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Pseudomonas cocovenenans van Damme et al. 1960 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Coenye T, Holmes B, Kersters K, Govan JR, Vandamme P. Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) Gillis et al. 1995 and Burkholderia vandii Urakami et al. 1994 are junior synonyms of Burkholderia gladioli (Severini 1913) Yabuuchi et al. 1993 and Burkholderia plantarii (Azegami et al. 1987) Urakami et al. 1994, respectively. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:37-42. 🇧🇪
- ⏰ According to Coenye et al. (1999), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) Zhao et al. 1995. Publication: Coenye T, Holmes B, Kersters K, Govan JR, Vandamme P. Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) Gillis et al. 1995 and Burkholderia vandii Urakami et al. 1994 are junior synonyms of Burkholderia gladioli (Severini 1913) Yabuuchi et al. 1993 and Burkholderia plantarii (Azegami et al. 1987) Urakami et al. 1994, respectively. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:37-42. 🇧🇪
- ⏰ According to Coenye et al. (2000), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Pseudomonas antimicrobica Attafuah and Bradbury 1990. Publication: Coenye T, Gillis M, Vandamme P. Pseudomonas antimicrobica Attafuah and Bradbury 1990 is a junior synonym of Burkholderia gladioli (Severini 1913) Yabuuchi et al. 1993. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50:2135-2139. 🇧🇪
- 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "PIIC PP". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2026-08-13. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "p". — The risk group for Taiwan has been imported on 2024-11-03. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "P650 = v". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
- 🎓 Name mentioned 345 times in PubMed until 2026-06-11.
- 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
- 🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is an established human pathogen. Publication: Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology (Reading) 2022; 168:0. 🇬🇧
- 🧍 Plant pathogenic according to Bull et al. (2007). Publication: Bull CT, De Boer SH, Denny TP, Firrao G, Fischer Le Saux M, Saddler GS, Scortichini M, Stead DE, Takikawa Y. Comprehensive list of names of plant pathogenic bacteria, 1980-2007. Journal of Plant Pathology 2010; 92:551-592. 🇺🇸
- 🧍 The new combination Burkholderia gladioli (Severini 1913) Yabuuchi et al. 1993 was proposed without examination of the type strain of Pseudomonas gladioli Severini 1913 (Approved Lists 1980). This defect has been corrected in subsequent studies. Publication: Young JM, Saddler GS, Takikawa Y, De Boer SH, Vauterin L, Gardan L, Gvozdyak RI, Stead DE. Names of plant pathogenic bacteria 1864-1995. Review of plant pathology 1996; 75:721-763. 🇳🇿

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 0
Total number of child taxa: 2

Child taxa:

Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
"Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola" Young et al. 1996	not validly published	preferred name
"Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola" (Burkholder 1942) Young et al. 1996	not validly published	preferred name

Parent taxon: Burkholderia Yabuuchi et al. 1993

Assigned by: Yabuuchi E, Kosako Y, Oyaizu H, Yano I, Hotta H, Hashimoto Y, Ezaki T, Arakawa M. Proposal of Burkholderia gen. nov. and transfer of seven species of the genus Pseudomonas homology group II to the new genus, with the type species Burkholderia cepacia (Palleroni and Holmes 1981) comb. nov. Microbiol Immunol 1992; 36:1251-1275. 🇯🇵

Linking: To permanently link to this page, use https://doi.org/10.83108/rn.774282Link copied to clipboard

Record number: 774282

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Species ***Burkholderia* *gladioli***