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Species Clostridium botulinum
Name: Clostridium botulinum (van Ermengem 1896) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980)
Basonym: "Bacillus botulinus" van Ermengem 1896
Etymology: bo.tu.li.num. L. masc. n. botulus, sausage; L. neut. adj. suff. -inum, suffix used with the sense of belonging to; N.L. neut. adj. botulinum, pertaining to sausage
Type strain: ATCC 25763; CIP 104310
Conduct genome-based taxonomy at
16S rRNA gene:
L37585
Analyse
FASTA
Effective publication: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923.
IJSEM list:
Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420. 
Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP, conserved name
Taxonomic status: correct name
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Synonyms:
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Name Kind "Bacillus botulinus" van Ermengem 1896 homotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
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Notes:
- 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-05. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "human and animal pathogen - human: T - biological class of risk animal: 2". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "default: 2 Animal classification RG: 2 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2; strain IBCA10-7060 type Bh: 2 Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for France has been imported on 2024-08-30. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "T". — The risk group for Sweden has been imported on 2024-02-05. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "T". — The risk group for Taiwan has been imported on 2024-11-03. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "P620 = v, P650 = v". — The risk group for United Kingdom has been imported on 2024-01-31. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "Toxigenic". — The risk group for United States has been imported on 2024-02-09. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
- 🎓 Name mentioned 4056 times in PubMed until 2024-03-27.
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🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is an established human pathogen.
Publication:
Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology 2022; 168:0.
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🧍 See also Smith et al. (2023).
Publication:
Smith TJ, Schill KM, Williamson CHD. Navigating the Complexities Involving the Identification of Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs) and the Taxonomy of BoNT-Producing Clostridia. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:0.
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🧍 Conserved name (Judicial Opinion 69, IJSB 49:339). Toxin type G -> C. argentinense IJSB 38:380.
Publication:
Judicial Commission. Judicial Opinion No. 69. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:339.
- 🧍 Clostridium botulinum (van Ermengem 1896) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980), Clostridium putrificum (Trevisan 1889) Reddish and Rettger 1922 (Approved Lists 1980), and Clostridium sporogenes (Metchnikoff 1908) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980) are genetically related at the species level and Clostridium putrificum has priority. Olsen et al. 1995, propose rejection of the name Clostridium putrificum on the basis of the Rules 23a note 4 and 56a (5) as a nomen periculosum, and conservation of the name Clostridium botulinum (Rule 23a note 4, Rule 56b note 2), and conservation of the name Clostridium sporogenes for the nontoxigenic strains on the basis of the Rules 23a note 4 and 56b note 2. Publication: Reddish G, Rettger L. Clostridium putrificum (B. putrificus Beinstock) a distinct species. Abstracts of Bacteriology 1922; 6:9.
Parent taxon: Clostridium Prazmowski 1880 (Approved Lists 1980)
Assigned by: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923.
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Record number: 783659
This LPSN page was printed on 2025-01-23 17:57:42