Name: Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: "Bacillus carotovorus" Jones 1901

Etymology: ca.ro.to.vo.ra. L. fem. n. carota, carrot; L. inf. v. vorare, to devour; N.L. fem. adj. carotovora, carrot-devouring

Gender: feminine

Type strain: ATCC 15713; CFBP 2046; CIP 82.83; DSM 30168; HAMBI 1429; ICMP 5702; LMG 2404; NCAIM B.01109; NCPPB 312; VKM B-1247

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: JF926731 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: synonym

Correct name: Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Bacillus carotovorus" Jones 1901	homotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists

• Notes:
  • ❗ Erwinia carotovora is the correct name instead if this species is regarded as a separate species (i.e., if its nomenclatural type is not assigned to another species whose name is validly published, legitimate and not rejected and has priority) within a separate genus Erwinia.
  • 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "var. atroseptica: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2; atroseptica: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2; carotovora: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2; wasabiae: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2; var. chrysanthemi: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2; var. rhapontici: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "PP".
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 901 times in PubMed until 2024-03-27.
  • 🧍 Plant pathogenic according to Bull et al. (2007). Publication: Bull CT, De Boer SH, Denny TP, Firrao G, Fischer Le Saux M, Saddler GS, Scortichini M, Stead DE, Takikawa Y. Comprehensive list of names of plant pathogenic bacteria, 1980-2007. Journal of Plant Pathology 2010; 92:551-592.
  • 🧍 Plant pathogenic according to Bull et al. (2012). Publication: Bull CT, De Boer SH, Denny TP, Firrao G, Fischer Le Saux M, Saddler GS, Scortichini M, Stead DE, Takikawa Y. List of new names of plant pathogenic bacteria (2008-2010). Journal of Plant Pathology 2012; 94:21-27.
  • 🧍 Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980) and Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)]. — The species of the genus Erwinia Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980) may be divided into three phylogenetic groups according to the results of 16S rDNA sequences. Hauben et al. 1999 propose (1) to restrict the genus Erwinia to the species of cluster I; (2) to transfer the species of cluster III into the new genus Brenneria Hauben et al. 1999; (3) to unite the species of cluster II, Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, Erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Erwinia carotovora subsp. odorifera, Erwinia carotovora subsp. wasabiae, Erwinia cacticida, Erwinia chrysanthemi and Erwinia cypripedii in the genus Pectobacterium Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980). So, Erwinia carotovora is to be considered as an authentic species of the genus Pectobacterium. Publication: Hauben L, Moore ER, Vauterin L, Steenackers M, Mergaert J, Verdonck L, Swings J. Phylogenetic position of phytopathogens within the Enterobacteriaceae. Syst Appl Microbiol 1998; 21:384-397.
  • 🧍 The species of the genus Erwinia Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980) may be divided into three phylogenetic groups according to the results of 16S rDNA sequences. Hauben et al. 1999 propose (1) to restrict the genus Erwinia to the species of cluster I (see:); (2) to transfer the species of cluster III into the new genus Brenneria Hauben et al. 1999; (3) to unite the species of cluster II, Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, Erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Erwinia carotovora subsp. odorifera, Erwinia carotovora subsp. wasabiae, Erwinia cacticida, Erwinia chrysanthemi and Erwinia cypripedii in the genus Pectobacterium Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980). So, Erwinia carotovora is to be considered as an authentic species of the genus Pectobacterium. Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 5
Total number of child taxa: 5

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Jones 1901) Dye 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum Thomson et al. 1984	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Erwinia carotovora subsp. odorifera Gallois et al. 1992	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (van Hall 1902) Dye 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Erwinia carotovora subsp. wasabiae Goto and Matsumoto 1987	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Erwinia Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923.

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Record number: 776012