Name: Haemophilus paraphrohaemolyticus Zinnemann et al. 1971 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: pa.ra.phro.hae.mo.ly.ti.cus. Gr. prep. para, beside, alongside of, near, like; N.L. aphro-, abbreviation of the specific epithet aphrophilus; Gr. neut. n. haîma, blood; N.L. masc. adj. lyticus, able to loose, able to dissolve; from Gr. masc. adj. lytikos, dissolving; N.L. masc. adj. paraphrohaemolyticus, intended to mean like Haemophilus aphrophilus, but hemolytic

Gender: masculine

Type strain: ATCC 29237; CCUG 3718; CIP 102512; DSM 21451; NCTC 10670

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: M75076 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Zinnemann K, Rogers KB, Frazer J, Devaraj SK. A haemolytic V-dependent CO2-preferring Haemophilus species (Haemophilus paraphrohaemolyticus nov. spec.). J Med Microbiol 1971; 4:139-143.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 2

• Notes:
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 4 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
  • 🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is an established human pathogen. Publication: Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology 2022; 168:0.

Parent taxon: Haemophilus corrig. Winslow et al. 1917 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Zinnemann K, Rogers KB, Frazer J, Devaraj SK. A haemolytic V-dependent CO2-preferring Haemophilus species (Haemophilus paraphrohaemolyticus nov. spec.). J Med Microbiol 1971; 4:139-143.

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Record number: 783942