Name: Hylemonella gracilis (Canale-Parola et al. 1966) Spring et al. 2004

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: "Spirillum gracile" Canale-Parola et al. 1966

Etymology: gra’ci.lis. L. fem. adj. gracilis, thin, slight, slender

Pronunciation, gender: GRA-ki-lis, feminine

Type strain: ATCC 19624; DSM 9158; IFO 14920; LMG 8201; NBRC 14920; VKM B-1405

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AF078753 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Spring S, Jackel U, Wagner M, Kampfer P. Ottowia thiooxydans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel facultatively anaerobic, N2O-producing bacterium isolated from activated sludge, and transfer of Aquaspirillum gracile to Hylemonella gracilis gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:99-106. 🇩🇪

IJSEM list: Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 54, part 1 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:633-634.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Aquaspirillum gracile (Canale-Parola et al. 1966) Hylemon et al. 1973 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Spirillum gracile" Canale-Parola et al. 1966	homotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the genus Hylemonella Spring et al. 2004. Publication: Spring S, Jackel U, Wagner M, Kampfer P. Ottowia thiooxydans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel facultatively anaerobic, N2O-producing bacterium isolated from activated sludge, and transfer of Aquaspirillum gracile to Hylemonella gracilis gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:99-106. 🇩🇪
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 7 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the genus.
  • 🧍 According to Ludwig et al. (2021), this "species affiliates within Ottowia and may belong to the same genus". Publication: Ludwig W, Viver T, Westram R, Francisco Gago J, Bustos-Caparros E, Knittel K, Amann R, Rossello-Mora R. Release LTP_12_2020, featuring a new ARB alignment and improved 16S rRNA tree for prokaryotic type strains. Syst Appl Microbiol 2021; 44:126218. 🇪🇸
  • 🧍 The basonym of Hylemonella gracilis (Canale-Parola et al. 1966) Spring et al. 2004 must be Aquaspirillum gracile (Canale-Parola et al. 1966) Hylemon et al. 1973 (Approved Lists 1980), not "Spirillum gracile" Canale-Parola et al. 1966 as cited in the paper by Spring et al. 2004. Publication: Hylemon PB, Wells J. JS, Krieg NR, Jannasch HW. The genus Spirillum: a taxonomic study. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1973; 23:340-380.

Parent taxon: Hylemonella Spring et al. 2004

Assigned by: Spring S, Jackel U, Wagner M, Kampfer P. Ottowia thiooxydans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel facultatively anaerobic, N2O-producing bacterium isolated from activated sludge, and transfer of Aquaspirillum gracile to Hylemonella gracilis gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:99-106. 🇩🇪

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Record number: 776957