Name: Lactococcus raffinolactis (Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932) Schleifer et al. 1988

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: Streptococcus raffinolactis Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932 (Approved Lists 1980)

Etymology: raf.fi.no.lac’tis. N.L. neut. n. raffinosum, raffinose; L. gen. neut. n. lactis, of milk; N.L. gen. neut. n. raffinolactis, raffinose fermenting bacterium from milk

Pronunciation, gender: raf-fi-no-LAK-tis, masculine

Type strain: ATCC 43920; CCUG 32209; CECT 988; CIP 102300; DSM 20443; HAMBI 1589; JCM 5706; KACC 13441; LMG 13095; NBIMCC 9088; NBRC 100932; NCDO 617; NCFB 617; NCIMB 13197

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AB681294 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Schleifer KH, Kraus J, Dvorak C, Kilpper-Bälz R, Collins MD, Fischer W. Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 1985; 6:183-195.

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Validation list no. 25. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1988; 38:220-222.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: synonym (and not recommended for medical use)

Correct name: Pseudolactococcus raffinolactis (Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932) Abe et al. 2025

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Streptococcus raffinolactis Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Pseudolactococcus raffinolactis (Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932) Abe et al. 2025	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • ❗ Lactococcus raffinolactis is the correct name instead if this species is regarded as a separate species (i.e., if its nomenclatural type is not assigned to another species whose name is validly published, legitimate and not rejected and has priority) within a separate genus Lactococcus.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 59 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🥱 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as a synonym of the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the genus. This name is not taxonomically suspended any more (but still isn't preferred) in favour of Streptococcus raffinolactis Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Orla-Jensen AD, Hansen PA. The bacteriological flora of spontaneously soured milk and of commercial starters for butter making. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung II 1932; 86:6-29. Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.
  • 🧍 In Validation List no. 25, Lactococcus raffinolactis is erroneously proposed as a new species. Publication: Euzeby JP, Kudo T. Corrigenda to the validation lists. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1933-1938.

Parent taxon: Lactococcus Schleifer et al. 1986

Assigned by: Schleifer KH, Kraus J, Dvorak C, Kilpper-Bälz R, Collins MD, Fischer W. Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 1985; 6:183-195.

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Record number: 777427