Name: Leuconostoc citreum Farrow et al. 1989

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: ci’tre.um. L. neut. adj. citreum, lemon colored

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: … KI-tre-um, neuter

Type strain: ATCC 49370; CCUG 30060; CIP 103315; DSM 5577; JCM 9698; LMG 9849; NCDO 1837; NCFB 1837; NCIMB 13121

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AF111948 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Farrow JAE, Facklam RR, Collins MD. Nucleic acid homologies of some vancomycin-resistant leuconostocs and description of Leuconostoc citreum sp. nov. and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1989; 39:279-283. 🇬🇧

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger et al. 1989	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • ⏰ According to Takahashi et al. (1992), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger et al. 1989. Publication: Takahashi M, Okada S, Uchimura T, Kozaki M. Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger, Holzapfel, and Kandler 1989 Is a Later Subjective Synonym of Leuconostoc citreum Farrow, Facklam, and Collins 1989. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 1992; 42:649-651. 🇯🇵
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "PIIC". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "+". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 252 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of other species in the genus.

Parent taxon: Leuconostoc van Tieghem 1878 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Farrow JAE, Facklam RR, Collins MD. Nucleic acid homologies of some vancomycin-resistant leuconostocs and description of Leuconostoc citreum sp. nov. and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1989; 39:279-283. 🇬🇧

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Record number: 777537