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Species Paenibacillus larvae
Name: Paenibacillus larvae (White 1906) Ash et al. 1994
Basonym: Bacillus larvae White 1906 (Approved Lists 1980)
Etymology: lar’vae. L. gen. masc./fem. n. larvae, of a ghost, of a spectre and in biology of a larva
Pronunciation (Latin), gender: … LAR-wa͡e, masculine
Type strain: ATCC 9545; CCUG 28515; CIP 104618; DSM 7030; LMG 15969; LMG 9820; NRRL B-2605
See detailed strain information at
Conduct genome-based taxonomy at
16S rRNA gene:
AB073205
Analyse
FASTA
Effective publication:
Ash C, Priest FG, Collins MD. Molecular identification of rRNA group 3 bacilli (Ash, Farrow, Wallbanks and Collins) using a PCR probe test. Proposal for the creation of a new genus Paenibacillus. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1993; 64:253-260. 
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IJSEM list:
Anonymous. Validation list no. 52. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1995; 45:197-198.
Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP
Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)
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Synonyms:
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Name Kind Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984 ex Katznelson 1950) Heyndrickx et al. 1996 heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, distinct rank Bacillus larvae White 1906 (Approved Lists 1980) homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP Bacillus pulvifaciens (ex Katznelson 1950) Nakamura 1984 heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP Paenibacillus pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984 ex Katznelson 1950) Ash et al. 1994 heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
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Emendations:
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Heyndrickx et al. 1996
Heyndrickx M, Vandemeulebroecke K, Hoste B, Janssen P, Kersters K, De Vos P, Logan NA, Ali N, Berkeley RC. Reclassification of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984) Ash et al. 1994, a later subjective synonym of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) larvae (White 1906) Ash et al. 1994, as a subspecies of P. larvae, with emended descriptions of P. larvae as P. larvae subsp. larvae and P. larvae subsp. pulvifaciens. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46:270-279. 🇧🇪
Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 46, part 1 of the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46:627.
Notes:- 📧 The e-mail address of the corresponding author given in the associated publication is not functional any more.
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Genersch et al. 2006
Genersch E, Forsgren E, Pentikainen J, Ashiralieva A, Rauch S, Kilwinski J, Fries I. Reclassification of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifaciens and Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae as Paenibacillus larvae without subspecies differentiation. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:501-511. 🇩🇪
Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 56, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:1181-1182.
Notes:- 🫂 Emendation accompanied by a proposal regarding the synonymy of the species.
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Heyndrickx et al. 1996
Heyndrickx M, Vandemeulebroecke K, Hoste B, Janssen P, Kersters K, De Vos P, Logan NA, Ali N, Berkeley RC. Reclassification of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984) Ash et al. 1994, a later subjective synonym of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) larvae (White 1906) Ash et al. 1994, as a subspecies of P. larvae, with emended descriptions of P. larvae as P. larvae subsp. larvae and P. larvae subsp. pulvifaciens. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46:270-279.
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Notes:
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⏰ According to Genersch et al. (2006), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Bacillus pulvifaciens (ex Katznelson 1950) Nakamura 1984.
Publication:
Genersch E, Forsgren E, Pentikainen J, Ashiralieva A, Rauch S, Kilwinski J, Fries I. Reclassification of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifaciens and Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae as Paenibacillus larvae without subspecies differentiation. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:501-511. 🇩🇪
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⏰ According to Genersch et al. (2006), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Paenibacillus pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984 ex Katznelson 1950) Ash et al. 1994.
Publication:
Genersch E, Forsgren E, Pentikainen J, Ashiralieva A, Rauch S, Kilwinski J, Fries I. Reclassification of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifaciens and Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae as Paenibacillus larvae without subspecies differentiation. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:501-511. 🇩🇪
- 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-05. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "animal pathogen - biological class of risk animal: 3". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 2 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: Yes". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "PI". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
- 🎓 Name mentioned 402 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
- 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
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🧍 This species, listed in the Validation List no. 52 (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1995, 45, 197-198.), was inadvertently omitted from Validation List no. 51 (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1994, 44, 852.); the effective date of validation is that of List no. 51 (October 1994).
Publication:
. Erratum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1995; 45:201.
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⏰ According to Genersch et al. (2006), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Bacillus pulvifaciens (ex Katznelson 1950) Nakamura 1984.
Publication:
Genersch E, Forsgren E, Pentikainen J, Ashiralieva A, Rauch S, Kilwinski J, Fries I. Reclassification of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifaciens and Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae as Paenibacillus larvae without subspecies differentiation. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:501-511.
Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 2
Total number of child taxa: 2
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Child taxa:
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Name Nomenclatural status Taxonomic status Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae (White 1906) Heyndrickx et al. 1996 validly published under the ICNP synonym of its species Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984 ex Katznelson 1950) Heyndrickx et al. 1996 validly published under the ICNP synonym
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Parent taxon: Paenibacillus Ash et al. 1994
Assigned by:
Ash C, Priest FG, Collins MD. Molecular identification of rRNA group 3 bacilli (Ash, Farrow, Wallbanks and Collins) using a PCR probe test. Proposal for the creation of a new genus Paenibacillus. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1993; 64:253-260. 🇬🇧
Linking: To permanently link to this page, use https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/paenibacillus-larvaeLink copied to clipboard
Record number: 779077
This LPSN page was printed on 2026-02-11 10:20:35