Name: Pantoea agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Gavini et al. 1989

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: "Bacillus agglomerans" Beijerinck 1888

Etymology: ag.glo’me.rans. L. inf. v. agglomerare, to wind on (as on a ball); L. fem. part. adj. agglomerans, forming into a ball (referring to the occurrence of symplasmata bacteria in aggregates surrounded by a translucent sheath in anaerogenic strains)

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: pan-TO͡E-a ag-GLO-me-rans, feminine

Type strain: ATCC 27155; CCUG 539; CDC 1461-67; CFBP 3845; CIP 57.51; DSM 3493; ICMP 12534; ICPB 3435; JCM 1236; LMG 1286; NBRC 102470; NCTC 9381

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AJ251466 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Gavini F, Mergaert J, Beji A, Mielcarek C, Izard D, Kersters K, De Ley J. Transfer of Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Ewing and Fife 1972 to Pantoea gen. nov. as Pantoea agglomerans comb. nov. and description of Pantoea dispersa sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1989; 39:337-345. 🇫🇷

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Bacillus milletiae" Kawakami and Yoshida 1920	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    "Bacillus agglomerans" Beijerinck 1888	homotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Erwinia milletiae (Kawakami and Yoshida 1920) Magrou 1937 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Ewing and Fife 1972 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Erwinia herbicola (Löhnis 1911) Dye 1964 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Bacterium herbicola" Löhnis 1911	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the genus Pantoea Gavini et al. 1989. Publication: Gavini F, Mergaert J, Beji A, Mielcarek C, Izard D, Kersters K, De Ley J. Transfer of Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Ewing and Fife 1972 to Pantoea gen. nov. as Pantoea agglomerans comb. nov. and description of Pantoea dispersa sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1989; 39:337-345. 🇫🇷
  • ⏰ According to Beji et al. (1988), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Bacterium herbicola" Löhnis 1911. Publication: Beji A, Mergaert J, Gavini F, Izard D, Kersters K, Leclerc H, De Ley J. Subjective synonymy of Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia milletiae, and Enterobacter agglomerans and redefinition of the taxon by genotypic and phenotypic data. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:77-88. 🇫🇷
  • ⏰ According to Beji et al. (1988), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Bacillus milletiae" Kawakami and Yoshida 1920. Publication: Beji A, Mergaert J, Gavini F, Izard D, Kersters K, Leclerc H, De Ley J. Subjective synonymy of Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia milletiae, and Enterobacter agglomerans and redefinition of the taxon by genotypic and phenotypic data. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:77-88. 🇫🇷
  • ⏰ According to Beji et al. (1988), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Erwinia herbicola (Löhnis 1911) Dye 1964 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Beji A, Mergaert J, Gavini F, Izard D, Kersters K, Leclerc H, De Ley J. Subjective synonymy of Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia milletiae, and Enterobacter agglomerans and redefinition of the taxon by genotypic and phenotypic data. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:77-88. 🇫🇷
  • ⏰ According to Beji et al. (1988), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Erwinia milletiae (Kawakami and Yoshida 1920) Magrou 1937 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Beji A, Mergaert J, Gavini F, Izard D, Kersters K, Leclerc H, De Ley J. Subjective synonymy of Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia milletiae, and Enterobacter agglomerans and redefinition of the taxon by genotypic and phenotypic data. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:77-88. 🇫🇷
  • 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1 - Considerations for containment: Local risk assessment should take into consideration the risks of infection associated with this agent in case of parenteral inoculation.". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "PP?". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2026-08-13. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Taiwan has been imported on 2024-11-03. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "P650 = v". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 900 times in PubMed until 2026-06-11.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
  • 🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is an established human pathogen. Publication: Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology (Reading) 2022; 168:0. 🇬🇧
  • 🧍 Plant pathogenic according to Bull et al. (2007). Publication: Bull CT, De Boer SH, Denny TP, Firrao G, Fischer Le Saux M, Saddler GS, Scortichini M, Stead DE, Takikawa Y. Comprehensive list of names of plant pathogenic bacteria, 1980-2007. Journal of Plant Pathology 2010; 92:551-592. 🇺🇸
  • 🧍 However, the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names omitted Beijerinck from the name in 1980 and listed only Ewing and Fife as the authors [3]. — Edwards J. Personal communication, 2003-07-30.
  • 🧍 In 2004, Edwards et al. [4] request that Beijerinck be acknowledged as the original author of this species by having his name reinstated in its full name Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Ewing and Fife 1972. Publication: Edwards J, Baque E, Tang J. Proposal to acknowledge Beijerinck as the original author of the species Pantoea agglomerans. Request for an opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:2437. 🇺🇸
  • 🧍 M.W. Beijerinck [1] published the name "Bacillus agglomerans" in 1888. Publication: Beijerinck MW. Cultur des Bacillus radicola aus den Knöllchen. Bot. Ztg. 1888; 46:740-750.
  • 🧍 W.H. Ewing and M.A. Fife [2] changed the name to Enterobacter agglomerans in 1972 as a new combination, acknowledging that Beijerinck had been the original author and making the new full name: Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Ewing and Fife 1972. Publication: Ewing WH, Fife MA. Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck) comb. nov. (the Herbicola-Lathyri bacteria). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1972; 22:4-11.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 0
Total number of child taxa: 1

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    "Pantoea agglomerans pv. betae" Dworkin et al. 2006	not validly published	preferred name

Parent taxon: Pantoea Gavini et al. 1989

Assigned by: Gavini F, Mergaert J, Beji A, Mielcarek C, Izard D, Kersters K, De Ley J. Transfer of Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Ewing and Fife 1972 to Pantoea gen. nov. as Pantoea agglomerans comb. nov. and description of Pantoea dispersa sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1989; 39:337-345. 🇫🇷

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Record number: 779135