Name: Photorhabdus temperata Fischer-Le Saux et al. 1999

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: tem.pe.ra’ta. L. fem. part. adj. temperata, moderate, because this species grows at moderate temperatures

Pronunciation, gender: tem-pe-RA-ta, feminine

Type strain: CIP 105563; DSM 14550; XINach; XlNach

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AJ007405 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Fischer-Le Saux M, Viallard V, Brunel B, Normand P, Boemare NE. Polyphasic classification of the genus Photorhabdus and proposal of new taxa: P. luminescens subsp. luminescens subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. laumondii subsp. nov., P. temperata sp. nov., P. temperata subsp. temperata subsp. nov. and P. asymbiotica sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:1645-1656.

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 49, part 4 of the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 2000; 50:5-7.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

• Emendations:
  • Machado et al. 2018 Machado RAR, Wuthrich D, Kuhnert P, Arce CCM, Thonen L, Ruiz C, Zhang X, Robert CAM, Karimi J, Kamali S, et al. Whole-genome-based revisit of Photorhabdus phylogeny: proposal for the elevation of most Photorhabdus subspecies to the species level and description of one novel species Photorhabdus bodei sp. nov., and one novel subspecies Photorhabdus laumondii subsp. clarkei subsp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:2664-2681. Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 68, part 8 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3394-3396.

• Notes:
  • 😷 The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "n". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 66 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of other species in the genus.
  • 🧍 The description of P. temperata subsp. temperata Fischer-Le Saux et al. 1999 (IJSB 49:1655) is not in accordance with the code as no additional subspecies existed at that time. Publication: Fischer-Le Saux M, Viallard V, Brunel B, Normand P, Boemare NE. Polyphasic classification of the genus Photorhabdus and proposal of new taxa: P. luminescens subsp. luminescens subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. laumondii subsp. nov., P. temperata sp. nov., P. temperata subsp. temperata subsp. nov. and P. asymbiotica sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:1645-1656.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 6
Total number of child taxa: 6

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Photorhabdus temperata subsp. cinerea Tóth and Lakatos 2008	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Photorhabdus temperata subsp. khanii Tailliez et al. 2010	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Photorhabdus temperata subsp. stackebrandtii An and Grewal 2011	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Photorhabdus temperata subsp. tasmaniensis Tailliez et al. 2010	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Photorhabdus temperata subsp. temperata (Fischer-Le Saux et al. 1999) Tóth and Lakatos 2008	validly published under the ICNP	synonym of its species
    Photorhabdus temperata subsp. thracensis (Hazir et al. 2004) Tailliez et al. 2010	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Photorhabdus Boemare et al. 1993

Assigned by: Fischer-Le Saux M, Viallard V, Brunel B, Normand P, Boemare NE. Polyphasic classification of the genus Photorhabdus and proposal of new taxa: P. luminescens subsp. luminescens subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. laumondii subsp. nov., P. temperata sp. nov., P. temperata subsp. temperata subsp. nov. and P. asymbiotica sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:1645-1656.

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Record number: 779546