Name: Proteus penneri Hickman et al. 1983

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: pen’ner.i. N.L. gen. masc. n. penneri, of Penner, named to honor John L. Penner, a Canadian microbiologist who has made many contributions to studies of the three genera in the tribe Proteeae

Gender: masculine

Type strain: ATCC 33519; CCUG 15722; CDC 1808-73; CIP 103030; DSM 4544; JCM 3948; NCTC 12737

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: FJ971869 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Hickman FW, Steigerwalt AG, Farmer JJ, Brenner DJ. Identification of Proteus penneri sp. nov., formerly known as Proteus vulgaris indole negative or as Proteus vulgaris biogroup 1. J Clin Microbiol 1982; 15:1097-1102.

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Validation list no. 10. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1983; 33:438-440.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 2

• Notes:
  • 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-05. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "human pathogen". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Sweden has been imported on 2024-02-05. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for United Kingdom has been imported on 2024-01-31. The full classification is: risk group = 2.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 136 times in PubMed until 2024-03-28.
  • 🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is an established human pathogen. Publication: Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology 2022; 168:0.
  • 🧍 The name Proteus penneri was inadvertently omitted from Validation List no. 10. This name is to be regarded as having been validly published in List no. 10 (April 1983). Publication: Anonymous. Validation list no. 11. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1983; 33:672-674.

Parent taxon: Proteus Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Hickman FW, Steigerwalt AG, Farmer JJ, Brenner DJ. Identification of Proteus penneri sp. nov., formerly known as Proteus vulgaris indole negative or as Proteus vulgaris biogroup 1. J Clin Microbiol 1982; 15:1097-1102.

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Record number: 779878