Name: Schaalia vaccimaxillae (Hall et al. 2003) Nouioui et al. 2018

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: Actinomyces vaccimaxillae Hall et al. 2003

Etymology: vac.ci.ma.xil’lae. L. fem. n. vacca, cow; L. fem. n. maxilla, jaw; N.L. gen. fem. n. vaccimaxillae, of the cow’s jaw

Pronunciation, gender: wak-ki-ma-XIL-la͡e, feminine

Type strain: CCUG 46091; CIP 107423; DSM 15804; R10176

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AJ427451 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007.

IJSEM list: Oren A, Garrity GM. Validation list no. 184. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3379-3393.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Actinomyces vaccimaxillae Hall et al. 2003	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • 🧬 The phylogenomic assignment score of this taxon is 0.11144 (N = 16).
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 0 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🫡 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself. This name is not taxonomically suspended any more in favour of Actinomyces vaccimaxillae Hall et al. 2003. Publication: Hall V, Collins MD, Hutson R, Inganas E, Falsen E, Duerden BI. Actinomyces vaccimaxillae sp. nov., from the jaw of a cow. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:603-606. Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 53, part 2 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:939-940.
  • 🧍 The genome of the type strain was sequenced as part of the GEBA (Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea) project. Publication: Mukherjee S, Seshadri R, Varghese NJ, Eloe-Fadrosh EA, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Goker M, Coates RC, Hadjithomas M, Pavlopoulos GA, Paez-Espino D, et al. 1,003 reference genomes of bacterial and archaeal isolates expand coverage of the tree of life. Nat Biotechnol 2017; 35:676-683.

Parent taxon: Schaalia Nouioui et al. 2018

Assigned by: Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007.

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Record number: 798127