Name: Sinorhizobium fredii (Scholla and Elkan 1984) Chen et al. 1988

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: Rhizobium fredii Scholla and Elkan 1984

Etymology: fred’i.i. N.L. gen. masc. n. fredii, of Fred, named after of E.B. Fred

Gender: neuter

Type strain: ATCC 35423; CCUG 27877; DSM 5851; HAMBI 2075; ICMP 11139; IFO 14780; JCM 20967; LMG 6217; NBRC 14780; NRRL B-14241; NRRL B-14594; PRC 205; USDA 205

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: D14516 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Chen WX, Yan GH, Li JL. Numerical taxonomic study of fast-growing soybean rhizobia and a proposal that Rhizobium fredii be assigned to Sinorhizobium gen. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:392-397.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: synonym

Correct name: Ensifer fredii (Scholla and Elkan 1984) Young 2003

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Ensifer fredii (Scholla and Elkan 1984) Young 2003	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Ensifer xinjiangensis (Chen et al. 1988) Young 2003	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Rhizobium fredii Scholla and Elkan 1984	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Sinorhizobium xinjiangensis Chen et al. 1988	heterotypic synonym, inaccurate spelling
    Sinorhizobium xinjiangense corrig. Chen et al. 1988	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Emendations:
  • De Lajudie et al. 1994 De Lajudie P, Willems A, Pot B, Dewettinck D, Maestrojuan G, Neyra M, Collins MD, Dreyfus B, Kersters K, Gillis M. Polyphasic taxonomy of rhizobia: emendation of the genus Sinorhizobium and description of Sinorhizobium meliloti comb. nov., Sinorhizobium saheli sp. nov., and Sinorhizobium teranga sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1994; 44:715-733. Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 44, part 4 of the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1995; 45:199-200.
    Notes:
    • 📧 The e-mail address of the corresponding author given in the associated publication is not functional any more.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the genus Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988. Publication: Chen WX, Yan GH, Li JL. Numerical taxonomic study of fast-growing soybean rhizobia and a proposal that Rhizobium fredii be assigned to Sinorhizobium gen. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:392-397.
  • ⏰ According to Martens et al. (2008), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Ensifer xinjiangensis (Chen et al. 1988) Young 2003. Publication: Martens M, Dawyndt P, Coopman R, Gillis M, De Vos P, Willems A. Advantages of multilocus sequence analysis for taxonomic studies: a case study using 10 housekeeping genes in the genus Ensifer (including former Sinorhizobium). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:200-214.
  • ⏰ According to Martens et al. (2008), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Sinorhizobium xinjiangense corrig. Chen et al. 1988. Publication: Martens M, Dawyndt P, Coopman R, Gillis M, De Vos P, Willems A. Advantages of multilocus sequence analysis for taxonomic studies: a case study using 10 housekeeping genes in the genus Ensifer (including former Sinorhizobium). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:200-214.
  • ⏰ According to Martens et al. (2008), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Sinorhizobium xinjiangensis Chen et al. 1988. Publication: Martens M, Dawyndt P, Coopman R, Gillis M, De Vos P, Willems A. Advantages of multilocus sequence analysis for taxonomic studies: a case study using 10 housekeeping genes in the genus Ensifer (including former Sinorhizobium). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:200-214.
  • ❗ Sinorhizobium fredii is the correct name instead if this species is regarded as a separate species (i.e., if its nomenclatural type is not assigned to another species whose name is validly published, legitimate and not rejected and has priority) within a separate genus Sinorhizobium.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 195 times in PubMed until 2024-03-27.
  • 🧍 The subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium does not endorse the genus Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988, and recommends that Rhizobium fredii Scholla and Elkan 1984 be retained in the genus Rhizobium Frank 1889 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Martinez-Romero ME, Jarvis BDW. ICSB, SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE TAXONOMY OF AGROBACTERIUM AND RHIZOBIUM: Minutes of the meeting, 10 December 1992, Cancun, Mexico. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1993; 43:622.

Parent taxon: Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988

Assigned by: Chen WX, Yan GH, Li JL. Numerical taxonomic study of fast-growing soybean rhizobia and a proposal that Rhizobium fredii be assigned to Sinorhizobium gen. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:392-397.

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Record number: 780937