Name: Snodgrassella alvi Kwong and Moran 2013

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: al’vi. L. gen. masc./fem. n. alvi, of the bowels, referring to the location of the species in the gut of bees

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: … AL-wi, feminine

Type strain: ATCC BAA-2449; NCIMB 14803; NRRL B-59751; wkB2

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: JQ746650 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Kwong WK, Moran NA. Cultivation and characterization of the gut symbionts of honey bees and bumble bees: description of Snodgrassella alvi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Neisseriaceae of the Betaproteobacteria, and Gilliamella apicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of Orbaceae fam. nov., Orbales ord. nov., a sister taxon to the order 'Enterobacteriales' of the Gammaproteobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2008-2018. 🇺🇸

IJSEM list: Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 63, part 6 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:3135-3137.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Candidatus Snodgrassella alvi" Martinson et al. 2012	homotypic synonym, pro-validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the genus Snodgrassella Kwong and Moran 2013. Publication: Kwong WK, Moran NA. Cultivation and characterization of the gut symbionts of honey bees and bumble bees: description of Snodgrassella alvi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Neisseriaceae of the Betaproteobacteria, and Gilliamella apicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of Orbaceae fam. nov., Orbales ord. nov., a sister taxon to the order 'Enterobacteriales' of the Gammaproteobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2008-2018. 🇺🇸
  • 😷 The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 62 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.

Parent taxon: Snodgrassella Kwong and Moran 2013

Assigned by: Kwong WK, Moran NA. Cultivation and characterization of the gut symbionts of honey bees and bumble bees: description of Snodgrassella alvi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Neisseriaceae of the Betaproteobacteria, and Gilliamella apicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of Orbaceae fam. nov., Orbales ord. nov., a sister taxon to the order 'Enterobacteriales' of the Gammaproteobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2008-2018. 🇺🇸

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Record number: 790867