Name: "Verticillomyces hiroshimensis" (Shinobu 1955) Shinobu 1965

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: "Streptomyces hiroshimensis" Shinobu 1955

Etymology: hi.ro.shi.men’sis. N.L. masc. adj. hiroshimensis, of or pertaining to Hiroshima

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: … hi-ro-s͡hi-MEN-sis, masculine

Nomenclatural type: ATCC 19772; BCRC 13375; CBS 510.68; CCRC 13375; CECT 3261; DSM 40037; HUT 6033; IFO 12785; IFO 3839; IMET 43546; ISP 5037; JCM 4098; JCM 4586; KCTC 9781; NBRC 12785; NBRC 3839; NCIB 9838; NCIMB 9838; NRRL B-1823; NRRL B-5484; NRRL ISP-5037; RIA 1052; RIA 592; UNIQEM 158; VKM Ac-902

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: JN566033 Analyse FASTA

Original publication: Shinobu R. Taxonomy of the whirl-forming Streptomycetaceae. Memoirs of the Osaka University of the Liberal Arts and Education B Natural Science 1965; 14:72-201.

Nomenclatural status: not validly published

Taxonomic status: synonym (and no standing)

Correct name: Streptomyces hiroshimensis (Shinobu 1955) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Streptomyces salmonis (Baldacci et al. 1966) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptomyces biverticillatus (Preobrazhenskaya 1957) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Actinomyces biverticillatus" Preobrazhenskaya 1957	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Streptomyces roseoverticillatus (Shinobu 1956) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Streptomyces roseoverticillatus" Shinobu 1956	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    "Streptomyces fervens" De Boer et al. 1960	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Streptomyces spitsbergensis Wieczorek et al. 1993	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptomyces hiroshimensis (Shinobu 1955) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Streptoverticillium salmonicida" Baldacci et al. 1966	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Streptoverticillium salmonis (Baldacci et al. 1966) Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptoverticillium fervens subsp. melrosporus Mason et al. 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, distinct rank
    Streptomyces fervens (De Boer et al. 1960) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Actinomyces rectiverticillatus" Krassilnikov 1965	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    Streptomyces fervens subsp. melrosporus (Mason et al. 1965) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, distinct rank
    Streptoverticillium rectiverticillatum (Krassilnikov and Yuan 1965) Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Actinomyces rectiverticillatus" Krassilnikov and Yuan 1965	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Streptomyces aureoversales (Locci et al. 1969) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, inaccurate spelling
    Streptomyces rectiverticillatus (Krassilnikov and Yuan 1965) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptoverticillium aureoversile corrig. Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptomyces aureoversilis corrig. (Locci et al. 1969) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptoverticillium roseoverticillatum (Shinobu 1956) Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptoverticillium hiroshimense (Shinobu 1955) Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptoverticillium biverticillatum (Preobrazhenskaya 1957) Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Streptoverticillium aureoversales Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, inaccurate spelling
    "Streptomyces hiroshimensis" Shinobu 1955	homotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Streptoverticillium fervens (De Boer et al. 1960) Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces baldacii (Farina and Locci 1966) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces aureoversales (Locci et al. 1969) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium aureoversales Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Actinomyces biverticillatus" Preobrazhenskaya 1957. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Streptomyces fervens" De Boer et al. 1960. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Actinomyces rectiverticillatus" Krassilnikov and Yuan 1965. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Streptomyces roseoverticillatus" Shinobu 1956. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Streptoverticillium salmonicida" Baldacci et al. 1966. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces aureoversilis corrig. (Locci et al. 1969) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium aureoversile corrig. Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces baldaccii corrig. (Farina and Locci 1966) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium baldaccii Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces biverticillatus (Preobrazhenskaya 1957) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium biverticillatum (Preobrazhenskaya 1957) Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces fervens (De Boer et al. 1960) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium roseoverticillatum (Shinobu 1956) Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces roseoverticillatus (Shinobu 1956) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium salmonis (Baldacci et al. 1966) Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces salmonis (Baldacci et al. 1966) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces spitsbergensis Wieczorek et al. 1993. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces rectiverticillatus (Krassilnikov and Yuan 1965) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium rectiverticillatum (Krassilnikov and Yuan 1965) Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium fervens (De Boer et al. 1960) Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Hatano et al. (2003), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Actinomyces rectiverticillatus" Krassilnikov 1965. Publication: Hatano K, Nishii T, Kasai H. Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB, and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli (ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig., sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1519-1529. 🇯🇵
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Actinomyces biverticillatus" Preobrazhenskaya 1957. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Streptomyces fervens" De Boer et al. 1960. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Streptomyces roseoverticillatus" Shinobu 1956. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces biverticillatus (Preobrazhenskaya 1957) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium biverticillatum (Preobrazhenskaya 1957) Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces fervens (De Boer et al. 1960) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium roseoverticillatum (Shinobu 1956) Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces roseoverticillatus (Shinobu 1956) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium fervens (De Boer et al. 1960) Locci et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is not an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces baldacii (Farina and Locci 1966) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is not an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces baldaccii corrig. (Farina and Locci 1966) Witt and Stackebrandt 1991. Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • ⏰ According to Labeda (1996), this species is not an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptoverticillium baldaccii Farina and Locci 1966 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Labeda DP. DNA relatedness among verticil-forming Streptomyces species (formerly Streptoverticillium species). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:699-703. 🇺🇸
  • 🏢 Synonymy of this taxon was mentioned in an IJSEM list. Publication: Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 53, part 5 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:3-6.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.

Parent taxon: "Verticillomyces" Shinobu 1965

Assigned by: Shinobu R. Taxonomy of the whirl-forming Streptomycetaceae. Memoirs of the Osaka University of the Liberal Arts and Education B Natural Science 1965; 14:72-201.

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Record number: 69876