Name: Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex Schaad et al. 2009

Category: Subspecies

Proposed as: subsp. nov.

Etymology: mul.ti’plex. L. fem. adj. multiplex, manifold, named to recognize the large number of host plants in which the bacterium causes disease

Pronunciation, gender: mul-TI-plex, feminine

Type strain: ATCC 35871; ICMP 15199; ICPB 50039; PL.788

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AF203388 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Schaad NW, Postnikova E, Lacy G, Fatmi M, Chang CJ. Xylella fastidiosa subspecies: X. fastidiosa subsp. [correction] fastidiosa [correction] subsp. nov., X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex subsp. nov., and X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca subsp. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 2004; 27:290-300.

IJSEM list: Euzeby JP. Validation list no. 127. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:923-925.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

• Notes:
  • 😷 The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "p2". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this subspecies. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of other species in the genus.
  • 🧍 The genome of the type strain was sequenced as part of the GEBA (Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea) project. Publication: Mukherjee S, Seshadri R, Varghese NJ, Eloe-Fadrosh EA, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Goker M, Coates RC, Hadjithomas M, Pavlopoulos GA, Paez-Espino D, et al. 1,003 reference genomes of bacterial and archaeal isolates expand coverage of the tree of life. Nat Biotechnol 2017; 35:676-683.
  • 🧍 In Validation List 127, Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex Schaad et al. 2009 is erroneously cited as Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex Schaad et al. 2004. Publication: . Erratum. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2009; 59:1851.

Parent taxon: Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. 1987

Assigned by: Schaad NW, Postnikova E, Lacy G, Fatmi M, Chang CJ. Xylella fastidiosa subspecies: X. fastidiosa subsp. [correction] fastidiosa [correction] subsp. nov., X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex subsp. nov., and X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca subsp. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 2004; 27:290-300.

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Record number: 787836