Name: Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: "Bacillus carotovorus" Jones 1901

Etymology: ca.ro.to.vo.rum. L. fem. n. carota, carrot; L. inf. v. vorare, to devour; N.L. neut. adj. carotovorum, carrot-devouring

Gender: neuter

Type strain: ATCC 15713; CFBP 2046; CIP 82.83; DSM 30168; HAMBI 1429; ICMP 5702; LMG 2404; NCAIM B.01109; NCPPB 312; VKM B-1247

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: JF926731 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Waldee EL. Comparative studies of some peritrichous phytopathogenic bacteria. Iowa State Journal of Science 1945; 19:435-484.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Bacillus carotovorus" Jones 1901	homotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980)	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Emendations:
  • Hauben et al. 1998 Hauben L, Moore ER, Vauterin L, Steenackers M, Mergaert J, Verdonck L, Swings J. Phylogenetic position of phytopathogens within the Enterobacteriaceae. Syst Appl Microbiol 1998; 21:384-397. Anonymous. Validation list no. 68. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:1-3.
    Notes:
    • 📧 The e-mail address of the corresponding author given in the associated publication is not functional any more.
    • 🧍 Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) and Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)]. — The species of the genus Erwinia Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980) may be divided into three phylogenetic groups according to the results of 16S rDNA sequences. Hauben et al. 1999 propose (1) to restrict the genus Erwinia to the species of cluster I (see: Erwinia); (2) to transfer the species of cluster III into the new genus Brenneria Hauben et al. 1999; (3) to unite the species of cluster II, Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, Erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Erwinia carotovora subsp. odorifera, Erwinia carotovora subsp. wasabiae, Erwinia cacticida, Erwinia chrysanthemi and Erwinia cypripedii in the genus Pectobacterium Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980); (4) to emend Pectobacterium carotovorum [Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hauben et al. 1998. Type strain: strain ATCC 15713 CFBP 2046 ICMP 5702 LMG 2404 NCPPB 312]. So, Pectobacterium carotovorum is to be considered as an authentic species of the genus Pectobacterium. — 🧍 The species of the genus Erwinia Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980) may be divided into three phylogenetic groups according to the results of 16S rDNA sequences. Hauben et al. 1999 propose (1) to restrict the genus Erwinia to the species of cluster I (see: Erwinia); (2) to transfer the species of cluster III into the new genus Brenneria Hauben et al. 1999; (3) to unite the species of cluster II, Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, Erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Erwinia carotovora subsp. odorifera, Erwinia carotovora subsp. wasabiae, Erwinia cacticida, Erwinia chrysanthemi and Erwinia cypripedii in the genus Pectobacterium Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980); (4) to emend Pectobacterium carotovorum [Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hauben et al. 1998. Type strain: strain ATCC 15713 = CFBP 2046 = ICMP 5702 = LMG 2404 = NCPPB 312]. So, Pectobacterium carotovorum is to be considered as an authentic species of the genus Pectobacterium.
  • Gardan et al. 2003 Gardan L, Gouy C, Christen R, Samson R. Elevation of three subspecies of Pectobacterium carotovorum to species level: Pectobacterium atrosepticum sp. nov., Pectobacterium betavasculorum sp. nov. and Pectobacterium wasabiae sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:381-391. Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 53, part 2 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:939-940.
  • Portier et al. 2019 Portier P, Pedron J, Taghouti G, Fischer-Le Saux M, Caullireau E, Bertrand C, Laurent A, Chawki K, Oulgazi S, Moumni M, et al. Elevation of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. odoriferum to species level as Pectobacterium odoriferum sp. nov., proposal of Pectobacterium brasiliense sp. nov. and Pectobacterium actinidiae sp. nov., emended description of Pectobacterium carotovorum and description of Pectobacterium versatile sp. nov., isolated from streams and symptoms on diverse plants. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3214-3223. Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 69, part 10 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:6-8.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the genus Pectobacterium Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Waldee EL. Comparative studies of some peritrichous phytopathogenic bacteria. Iowa State Journal of Science 1945; 19:435-484.
  • 😷 The risk group for Belgium has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "var. atrosepticum: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2; var. chrysanthemi: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2; f. sp. chrysanthemi: 1 plant pathogen - biological class of risk plant: 2". — The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "PP".
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 474 times in PubMed until 2024-03-27.
  • 🧍 Plant pathogenic according to Bull et al. (2007). Publication: Bull CT, De Boer SH, Denny TP, Firrao G, Fischer Le Saux M, Saddler GS, Scortichini M, Stead DE, Takikawa Y. Comprehensive list of names of plant pathogenic bacteria, 1980-2007. Journal of Plant Pathology 2010; 92:551-592.
  • 🧍 Plant pathogenic according to Bull et al. (2012). Publication: Bull CT, De Boer SH, Denny TP, Firrao G, Fischer Le Saux M, Saddler GS, Scortichini M, Stead DE, Takikawa Y. List of new names of plant pathogenic bacteria (2008-2010). Journal of Plant Pathology 2012; 94:21-27.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 5
Total number of child taxa: 7

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Jones 1901) Hauben et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	synonym of its species (division into subspecies abandoned)
    Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. wasabiae (Goto and Matsumoto 1987) Hauben et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum (van Hall 1902) Hauben et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. betavasculorum (Thomson et al. 1984) Hauben et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. actinidiae" Koh et al. 2012	not validly published	synonym (and no standing)
    "Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense" Nabhan et al. 2012	not validly published	synonym (and no standing)
    Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. odoriferum (Gallois et al. 1992) Hauben et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Pectobacterium Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Waldee EL. Comparative studies of some peritrichous phytopathogenic bacteria. Iowa State Journal of Science 1945; 19:435-484.

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Record number: 779198