Name: Sporosarcina psychrophila (Nakamura 1984 ex Larkin and Stokes 1967) Yoon et al. 2001

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: Bacillus psychrophilus (ex Larkin and Stokes 1967) Nakamura 1984

Etymology: psy.chro’phi.la. Gr. masc. adj. psychros, cold; N.L. adj. philus -a -um, friend, loving; from Gr. adj. philos -ê -on, loving; N.L. fem. adj. psychrophila, preferring cold

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: spo-ro-SAR-ki-na psy-K^HRO-p^hi-la, feminine

Type strain: ATCC 23304; CCM 2117; DSM 3; IAM 12468; NRRL NRS-1530

See detailed strain information at

16S rRNA gene: D16277 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Yoon JH, Lee KC, Weiss N, Kho YH, Kang KH, Park YH. Sporosarcina aquimarina sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from seawater in Korea, and transfer of Bacillus globisporus (Larkin and Stokes 1967), Bacillus psychrophilus (Nakamura 1984) and Bacillus pasteurii (Chester 1898) to the genus Sporosarcina as Sporosarcina globispora comb. nov., Sporosarcina psychrophila comb. nov. and Sporosarcina pasteurii comb. nov., and emended description of th. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1079-1086. 🇰🇷

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 51, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1231-1233.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Bacillus psychrophilus (ex Larkin and Stokes 1967) Nakamura 1984	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • 😢 The terminology used by the authors is in line with many other taxonomic studies and does not negatively affect their main results; some improvements may nevertheless be possible. Contrasting the term "chemotaxonomic" with "phenotypic" is not recommended. The usage of the term "coherent taxon" (or equivalent) is cautioned against. See the LPSN phylogeny page for details. Publication: Göker M. What can genome analysis offer for bacteria? In: Bridge P, Smith D, Stackebrandt E (eds), Trends in the systematics of bacteria and fungi, CAB International, Wallingford, 2021, p. 255-281. 🇬🇧
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2026-08-13. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 17 times in PubMed until 2026-06-11.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of other species in the genus.
  • 🧍 According to Rules 27(3) and 30, this name is not validly published because the effective publication makes no reference to the deposit of the type strain in any publicly accessible service collection, but deposits in at least two recognized culture collections in different countries are documented. According to the Judicial Opinion 81, Sporosarcina psychrophila (Nakamura 1984) Yoon et al. 2001 is to be considered to be validly published. Publication: Euzeby JP, Tindall BJ. Status of strains that contravene Rules 27(3) and 30 of the Bacteriological Code. Request for an opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:293-301. 🇫🇷

Parent taxon: Sporosarcina Kluyver and van Niel 1936 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Yoon JH, Lee KC, Weiss N, Kho YH, Kang KH, Park YH. Sporosarcina aquimarina sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from seawater in Korea, and transfer of Bacillus globisporus (Larkin and Stokes 1967), Bacillus psychrophilus (Nakamura 1984) and Bacillus pasteurii (Chester 1898) to the genus Sporosarcina as Sporosarcina globispora comb. nov., Sporosarcina psychrophila comb. nov. and Sporosarcina pasteurii comb. nov., and emended description of th. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1079-1086. 🇰🇷

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Record number: 781144