Name: Chroobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002

Category: Class

Proposed as: class. nov.

Etymology: Chro.o.bac.te’ri.a. N.L. fem. pl. n. Chroococcales, type order of the class; N.L. neut. pl. n. bacteria, plural of bacterium; N.L. neut. pl. n. Chroobacteria, the Chroococcales class (not formed from a genus name)

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: k^hro-o-bak-TE-ri-a, neuter

Type order: Chroococcales Cavalier-Smith 2002

Valid publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76. 🇬🇧

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 52, part 1 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:293-295.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP, rejected name

Taxonomic status: synonym

Correct name: Chroococcophyceae Hollerbach et al. 1953

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Oxyphotobacteria (ex Gibbons and Murray 1978) Murray 1988	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name
    Chamaesiphonophyceae Hollerbach et al. 1953	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)
    Chroococcophyceae Hollerbach et al. 1953	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)
    Cyanophyceae Schaffner 1909	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym
    "Prochlorophyceae" Lewin 1977	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    Cyanophycoidea Walton 1931	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), descriptive name
    "Chroococcophyceae" Proshkina-Lavrenko and Makarova 1968	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    Cyanophyceae Hauck 1885	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), descriptive name
    Cyanophyceae Bennett and Murray 1889	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name, later homonym
    "Chroococcophyceae" Starmach 1966	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    "Chroococcophyceae" Wartenberg 1972	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    Nostocophyceae Christensen 1978	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code)
    Gloeobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name
    Chamaesiphonophyceae Starmach 1966	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICN (Botanical Code), illegitimate name
    Hormogoneae Cavalier-Smith 2002	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name, later homonym
    "Pleurocapsophyceae" Starmach 1966	heterotypic synonym, not validly published

• Notes:
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith (2002) assigned this class to the subdivision "Phycobacteria" Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76. 🇬🇧
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith (2002) assigned this class to the subphylum "Phycobacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1998. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76. 🇬🇧
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith and Chao (2020) assigned this class to the subphylum "Phycobacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1998. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE. Multidomain ribosomal protein trees and the planctobacterial origin of neomura (eukaryotes, archaebacteria). Protoplasma 2020; 257:621-753. 🇬🇧
  • 🧒 Cavalier-Smith (2002) assigned the order Oscillatoriales Schaffner 1922 to this class. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76. 🇬🇧
  • 🧒 Cavalier-Smith (2002) assigned the order Pleurocapsales Geitler 1925 to this class. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76. 🇬🇧
  • 🧒 Cavalier-Smith (2002) assigned the order Chroococcales corrig. Ardissone 1886 to this class. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76. 🇬🇧
  • 🛺 The type order of this class has been placed in the class Chroococcophyceae Hollerbach et al. 1953. Publication: Hollerbach MM, Kosinskaya EK, Polyansky VI. Sinezelenye vodorosli. In: Anonymous NN (eds), Opredelitel presnovodnykh vodoroslej SSSR, Sovetskaya Nauka, Moskva, 1953, p. 652.
  • 🚃 The type order of this class has alternatively been placed in the class Cyanophyceae Hauck 1885. Publication: Hoffmann L, Komárek J, Kastovsky J. System of cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacteria) - state in 2004. Algological Studies 2005; 117:95-115. 🇱🇺
  • 🚃 The type order of this class has alternatively been placed in the class Cyanophyceae Hauck 1885. Publication: Strunecky O, Ivanova AP, Mares J. An updated classification of cyanobacterial orders and families based on phylogenomic and polyphasic analysis. J Phycol 2023; 59:12-51. 🇨🇿
  • 🧍 Cyanobacteria validly published under the bacteriological code. Publication: Oren A, Arahal DR, Christensen H, Goker M, Manaia CM, Moore ERB. International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic Code (2025 Revision). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2026; 76:6979. 🇮🇱
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion, which discussed its formation. Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605. 🇩🇪
  • 🧍 Irregularly formed name (not formed from the stem of the name of the nomenclatural type). Rejected Name (Judicial Commission, Opinion 79 suppl.; IJSEM 64: 3599–3602), see Tindall (2014). Publication: Tindall BJ. Names at the rank of class, subclass and order, their typification and current status: Supplementary information to Opinion 79. Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:3599-3602. 🇩🇪
  • 🧍 The class Chroobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002 is illegitimate because the type order Chroococcales Cavalier-Smith 2002 is illegitimate. Publication: Schaffner JH. The classification of plants XII. Ohio Journal of Science 1922; 22:129-139.

Parent taxon: Cyanobacteriota Oren et al. 2022

Assigned by: LPSN automated production system. The following publication is only one of the sources consulted. It may or may not mention this taxon name. — Aleksovski B, Krstić S, Guiry MD. The names of phyla and classes of blue-green algae (cyanobacteria, cyanophytes) and a typified name: Cyanobacteriophyta Oren, Mareš et Rippka. Fottea 2025; 25:212-217. 🇮🇪

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Record number: 24