Name: Flexibacter litoralis Lewin 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: li.to.ra’lis. L. masc. adj. litoralis, of or belonging to the sea-shore

Pronunciation, gender: li-to-RA-lis, masculine

Type strain: ATCC 23117; CIP 106402; DSM 6794; IFO 15988; NBRC 15988

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AB078056 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Lewin RA. A classification of flexibacteria. J Gen Microbiol 1969; 58:189-206.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: synonym (and not recommended for medical use)

Correct name: Bernardetia litoralis (Lewin 1969) Hahnke et al. 2017

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Bernardetia litoralis (Lewin 1969) Hahnke et al. 2017	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • ❗ Flexibacter litoralis is the correct name instead if this species is regarded as a separate species (i.e., if its nomenclatural type is not assigned to another species whose name is validly published, legitimate and not rejected and has priority) within a separate genus Flexibacter.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 1 time in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🙅 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as a synonym of the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
  • 🧍 The genome of the type strain was sequenced as part of the GEBA (Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea) project. Publication: Hahnke RL, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Garcia-Lopez M, Mukherjee S, Huntemann M, Ivanova NN, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Klenk HP, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of Bacteroidetes. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2003. 🇩🇪

Parent taxon: Flexibacter Soriano 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Lewin RA. A classification of flexibacteria. J Gen Microbiol 1969; 58:189-206.

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Record number: 776295