Name: Hafnia paralvei Huys et al. 2010

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: par.al’ve.i. Gr. prep. para, besides (also shortened to par); L. gen. masc. n. alvei, of a beehive and also a bacterial epithet; N.L. gen. masc. n. paralvei, organism similar to H. alvei

Pronunciation, gender: par-AL-we-i, feminine

Type strain: ATCC 29927; CDC 4510-73; LMG 24706

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: FM179943 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Huys G, Cnockaert M, Abbott SL, Janda JM, Vandamme P. Hafnia paralvei sp. nov., formerly known as Hafnia alvei hybridization group 2. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:1725-1728.

IJSEM list: Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 60, part 8 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:2511-2512.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 2

• Notes:
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "ht". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 41 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
  • 🪓 Organisms assigned to this species have previously been classified as Hafnia alvei Møller 1954 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Moller V. Distribution of amino acid decarboxylases in Enterobacteriaceae. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1954; 35:259-277. Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.
  • 🫡 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself. This name is not taxonomically suspended any more in favour of Hafnia alvei Møller 1954 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Moller V. Distribution of amino acid decarboxylases in Enterobacteriaceae. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1954; 35:259-277. Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.
  • 🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is a putative human pathogen. Publication: Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology (Reading) 2022; 168:0.
  • 🧍 Hafnia paralvei Huys et al. 2010 was previously known as Hafnia alvei hybridisation group 2 or as Hafnia alvei biogroup 2. Publication: Moller V. Distribution of amino acid decarboxylases in Enterobacteriaceae. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1954; 35:259-277.

Parent taxon: Hafnia Møller 1954 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Huys G, Cnockaert M, Abbott SL, Janda JM, Vandamme P. Hafnia paralvei sp. nov., formerly known as Hafnia alvei hybridization group 2. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:1725-1728.

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Record number: 788679