Name: Porphyromonas gulae Fournier et al. 2001

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov.

Etymology: gu’lae. L. fem. n. gula, mouth [animal]; L. gen. fem. n. gulae, from the animal mouth, referring to its isolation from subgingival plaque of various animal hosts

Gender: feminine

Type strain: ATCC 51700; CCUG 47701; DSM 15663; JCM 13865; Loup 1; NCTC 13180

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AB547663 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Fournier D, Mouton C, Lapierre P, Kato T, Okuda K, Menard C. Porphyromonas gulae sp. nov., an anaerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus from the gingival sulcus of various animal hosts. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1179-1189.

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 51, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1231-1233.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 2

• Emendations:
  • Hahnke et al. 2016 Hahnke RL, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Garcia-Lopez M, Mukherjee S, Huntemann M, Ivanova NN, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Klenk HP, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of Bacteroidetes. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2003. Oren A, Garrity GM. List of changes in taxonomic opinion no. 26. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:2081-2086.
    Notes:
    • 🧍 The genome of the type strain was sequenced as part of the GEBA (Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea) project.

• Notes:
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "t". — The risk group for Taiwan has been imported on 2024-11-03. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "P650 = v". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 69 times in PubMed until 2024-03-28.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
  • 🧍 The separation of Porphyromonas gulae and Porphyromonas gingivalis into distinct species was confirmed by the 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) data. Publication: Conrads G, Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Horz HP, Goldstein EJ. 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer sequences for analysis of the phylogenetic relationships among species of the genus Porphyromonas. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005; 55:607-613.

Parent taxon: Porphyromonas Shah and Collins 1988

Assigned by: Fournier D, Mouton C, Lapierre P, Kato T, Okuda K, Menard C. Porphyromonas gulae sp. nov., an anaerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus from the gingival sulcus of various animal hosts. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1179-1189.

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Record number: 779765