Name: Halobacteria Grant et al. 2002

Category: Class

Proposed as: class. nov.

Etymology: Ha.lo.bac.te’ri.a. N.L. neut. n. Halobacterium, type genus of the type order of the class; N.L. neut. pl. n. Halobacteria, the class of Halobacteriales (nominative plural of Halobacterium)

Gender: neuter

Type genus: Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980)

Effective publication: Grant WD, Kamekura M, McGenity TJ, Ventosa A. Class III. Halobacteria class. nov. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria), Springer, New York, 2001, p. 294-334.

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Validation list no. 85. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:685-690.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Halomebacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name
    "Haloarchaeota" Spang et al. 2013	homotypic synonym, not validly published

• Emendations:
  • Gupta et al. 2015 Gupta RS, Naushad S, Baker S. Phylogenomic analyses and molecular signatures for the class Halobacteria and its two major clades: a proposal for division of the class Halobacteria into an emended order Halobacteriales and two new orders, Haloferacales ord. nov. and Natrialbales ord. nov., containing the novel families Haloferacaceae fam. nov. and Natrialbaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:1050-1069.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 3 orders in the class.
    • 🧍 This emendation was not found in the expected IJSEM notification list.
  • Rinke et al. 2021 Rinke C, Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Davin AA, Waite DW, Whitman WB, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. A standardized archaeal taxonomy for the Genome Taxonomy Database. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:946-959.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 1 order in the class.
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 1 order from the class.
    • 🧍 As of 2023-02-16 this emendation was not yet included in an IJSEM List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the phylum "Halobacteriota" Rinke et al. 2021. Publication: Rinke C, Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Davin AA, Waite DW, Whitman WB, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. A standardized archaeal taxonomy for the Genome Taxonomy Database. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:946-959.
  • 🧕 Adam et al. (2017) assigned this class to the superclass "Methanotecta" Adam et al. 2017. Publication: Adam PS, Borrel G, Brochier-Armanet C, Gribaldo S. The growing tree of Archaea: new perspectives on their diversity, evolution and ecology. ISME J 2017; 11:2407-2425.
  • 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this class to the phylum "Euryarchaeota" Garrity and Holt 2001. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 211-355.
  • 🧕 Chuvochina et al. (2023) assigned this class to the phylum Halobacteriota Chuvochina et al. 2024. Publication: Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Skarshewski A, Rinke C, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 0:0.
  • 🧕 Luketa (2012) assigned this class to the kingdom "Euryarchaeida" Luketa 2012. Publication: Luketa S. New views on the megaclassification of life. Protistology 2012; 7:218-237.
  • 🧕 Rinke et al. (2021) assigned this class to the phylum "Halobacteriota" Rinke et al. 2021. Publication: Rinke C, Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Davin AA, Waite DW, Whitman WB, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. A standardized archaeal taxonomy for the Genome Taxonomy Database. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:946-959.
  • 🧒 Duran-Viseras et al. (2023) assigned the family Halorutilaceae Durán-Viseras et al. 2023 to this class. Publication: Duran-Viseras A, Sanchez-Porro C, Viver T, Konstantinidis KT, Ventosa A. Discovery of the Streamlined Haloarchaeon Halorutilus salinus, Comprising a New Order Widespread in Hypersaline Environments across the World. mSystems 2023; 8:e0119822.
  • 🧒 Gupta et al. (2015) assigned the order Haloferacales Gupta et al. 2015 to this class. Publication: Gupta RS, Naushad S, Baker S. Phylogenomic analyses and molecular signatures for the class Halobacteria and its two major clades: a proposal for division of the class Halobacteria into an emended order Halobacteriales and two new orders, Haloferacales ord. nov. and Natrialbales ord. nov., containing the novel families Haloferacaceae fam. nov. and Natrialbaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:1050-1069.
  • 🧒 Gupta et al. (2015) assigned the order Natrialbales Gupta et al. 2015 to this class. Publication: Gupta RS, Naushad S, Baker S. Phylogenomic analyses and molecular signatures for the class Halobacteria and its two major clades: a proposal for division of the class Halobacteria into an emended order Halobacteriales and two new orders, Haloferacales ord. nov. and Natrialbales ord. nov., containing the novel families Haloferacaceae fam. nov. and Natrialbaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:1050-1069.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Halobacteriale"; "Halobateria"; "Hclobacteria".
  • 🖹 Minimal standards for the description of new taxa in this group were published in 2024. Publication: Cui HL, Hou J, Amoozegar MA, Dyall-Smith ML, de la Haba RR, Minegishi H, Montalvo-Rodriguez R, Oren A, Sanchez-Porro C, Ventosa A, et al. Proposed minimal standards for description of new taxa of the class Halobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:6290.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Arahal DR, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Halobacteria and Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the joint open meeting, 28 June 2022, Alicante, Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5584.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Halobacteria. Minutes of the closed meeting, 12 May 2022, via Zoom. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5499.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteria and subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the joint open meeting, 26 June 2019, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3657-3661.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Arahal DR, Oren A, Ventosa A. Corrigendum: International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteria and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the joint open meeting, 11 July 2017, Valencia, Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4884.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: JCM: 436; CGMCC: 278; DSM: 151; CECT: 82; ATCC: 72; NBRC: 54; CIP: 46; KCTC: 46; VKM: 39; NCIMB: 38.
  • 🧍 Nomenclatural type changed from Halobacteriales Grant and Larsen 1989 based on new Rule 22. Publication: Oren A. Emendation of Rules 8, 15, 22, 25a, 30(3)(b), 30(4), 34a, and Appendix 7 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6070.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Publication: Oren A, Parte A, Garrity GM. Implementation of Rule 8 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes for the renaming of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:4296-4298.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Rule 8 of the 2022 revision of the ICNP does not require that the name of a class validly published before 1 January 2012 be formed from the stem of the name of the type genus of the type order of the class plus the ending ia. This class name is orthographically correct (nominative plural of a 2nd declension neuter noun). Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 2
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 4
Total number of child taxa: 4

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Halobacteriales Grant and Larsen 1989	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Haloferacales Gupta et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Halorutilales Durán-Viseras et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Natrialbales Gupta et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Methanobacteriota Garrity and Holt 2023

Assigned by: Goker M, Oren A. Valid publication of four additional phylum names. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6024.

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Record number: 44