Name: Chlamydia Jones et al. 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Chla.my’dia. Gr. fem. n. chlamys, a cloak, short mantle; N.L. fem. n. Chlamydia, a cloak

Gender: feminine (stem: Chlamydi-)

Type species: Chlamydia trachomatis (Busacca 1935) Rake 1957 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Jones H, Rake G, Stearns B. Studies on lymphogranuloma venereum. III. The action of the sulfonamides on the agent of lymphogranuloma venereum. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1945; 76:55-69.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Chlamydophila Everett et al. 1999	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Emendations:
  • Everett et al. 1999 Everett KD, Bush RM, Andersen AA. Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:415-440. Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 49, part 2 of the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:937-939.
    Notes:
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 3 species from the genus.
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the proposal of 2 new species in the genus.
    • 🧍 In a "Letter to the Editor", several bacteriologists [1] strongly object to the reclassification of the genus Chlamydia proposed by Everett et al. 1999. See also, the reply by Everett and Andersen [2].
  • Sachse et al. 2015 Sachse K, Bavoil PM, Kaltenboeck B, Stephens RS, Kuo CC, Rossello-Mora R, Horn M. Emendation of the family Chlamydiaceae: proposal of a single genus, Chlamydia, to include all currently recognized species. Syst Appl Microbiol 2015; 38:99-103. Oren A, Garrity GM. List of changes in taxonomic opinion no. 22. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:2028-2029.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the proposal of 3 new species in the genus.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class Chlamydiia Horn 2016. Publication: Horn M. Class I. Chlamydiia class. nov. In: Krieg NR, Staley JT, Brown DR, Hedlund BP, Paster BJ, Ward NL, Ludwig W, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edn, Vol. 4, Springer, New York, 2010, p. 844.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Chlamydiaceae Rake 1957 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Rake G. Family II. Chlamydiaceae Rake, Fam. Nov. In Breed, R. S., E. G. D. Murray & N. R. Smith (4s). Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th ed. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1957.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the order Chlamydiales Storz and Page 1971 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Storz J, Page LA. Taxonomy of the Chlamydiae: Reasons for Classifying Organisms of the Genus Chlamydia, Family Chlamydiaceae, in a Separate Order, Chlamydiales ord. Nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1971; 21:332-334.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the phylum Chlamydiota Garrity and Holt 2021. Publication: Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:5056.
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith (2002) assigned this genus to the class Chlamydiae Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76.
  • 🧕 Krieg et al. (2010) assigned this genus to the class Chlamydiia Horn 2016. Publication: Horn M. Class I. Chlamydiia class. nov. In: Krieg NR, Staley JT, Brown DR, Hedlund BP, Paster BJ, Ward NL, Ludwig W, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd Edn, Vol. 4, Springer, New York, 2010, p. 844.
  • 🧕 Oren and Garrity (2021) assigned this genus to the phylum Chlamydiota Garrity and Holt 2021. Publication: Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:5056.
  • 🧕 Storz and Page (1971) assigned this genus to the order Chlamydiales Storz and Page 1971 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Storz J, Page LA. Taxonomy of the Chlamydiae: Reasons for Classifying Organisms of the Genus Chlamydia, Family Chlamydiaceae, in a Separate Order, Chlamydiales ord. Nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1971; 21:332-334.
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Rickettsia da Rocha-Lima 1916 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Busacca A. Un germe aux caractères de rickettsies (Rickettsia trachomae) dans les tissus trachomateux. Archives d'Ophthalmologie 1935; 52:567-572.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Cblamydia"; "Chalamydia"; "Chalmydia"; "Chamydia"; "Chlamedia"; "Chlamidia"; "Chlamyldia"; "Chlanrydia"; "Chlumydia"; "Chylamydia"; "Clamydia".
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of the Chlamydiae: minutes of the closed meeting, 21 June 2010, Hof bei Salzburg, Austria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:2694.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Greub G, Bavoil P. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 7 September 2016, Oxford, UK. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3683-3684.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 5 July 2018, Woudschoten, Zeist, The Netherlands. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2606-2608.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Horn M, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 20 March 2019, Seattle, WA, USA. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3654-3656.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G, For The Icsp Subcommittee On The Taxonomy Of Chlamydiae. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: Minutes of the closed meeting, March 20, Meeting of the Chlamydia Research Society, Omaha, NE, USA. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6004.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae. Minutes of the closed meeting, 4 July 2012, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:514-515.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of the Chlamydiae: minutes of the inaugural closed meeting, 21 March 2009, Little Rock, AR, USA. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:2691-2693.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: Minutes of the closed meeting, 25 August 2022, ESCCAR Meeting Lausanne, Switzerland. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2023; 73:0.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae, minutes of the closed meeting, 07 October 2021, via Webex. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5213.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: Minutes of the closed meeting, March 20, Meeting of the Chlamydia Research Society, Omaha, NE, USA. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2023; 73:0.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G, For The Icsp Subcommittee On The Taxonomy Of. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6670.
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Borel N, Greub G. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Chlamydiae: minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2025; 75:0.
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Sachse et al. (2015). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 14; ATCC: 10.
  • 🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "CLMD" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
  • 🧍 See also Borel et al. (2018). Publication: Borel N, Polkinghorne A, Pospischil A. A Review on Chlamydial Diseases in Animals: Still a Challenge for Pathologists? Vet Pathol 2018; 55:374-390.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 14
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 14
Total number of child taxa: 25

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Chlamydia abortus (Everett et al. 1999) Sachse et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chlamydia avium Sachse et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chlamydia buteonis Laroucau et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Chlamydia caviae" (Everett et al. 1999) Kalayoglu and Byrne 2006	not validly published	synonym (and no standing)
    Chlamydia caviae (Everett et al. 1999) Sachse et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Chlamydia coralli" corrig. Taylor-Brown et al. 2017	not validly published	pro-correct name
    "Candidatus Chlamydia corallus" Taylor-Brown et al. 2017	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Chlamydia crocodili Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan et al. 2023	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chlamydia felis (Everett et al. 1999) Sachse et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chlamydia gallinacea Sachse et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Chlamydia ibidis" Vorimore et al. 2013	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Chlamydia isopodii" Shay et al. 1985	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Chlamydia major" Shaw et al. 1999	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    Chlamydia muridarum Everett et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chlamydia pecorum Fukushi and Hirai 1992	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chlamydia pneumoniae Grayston et al. 1989	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Chlamydia poikilotherma Staub et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Chlamydia poikilothermis" Staub et al. 2018	not validly published	synonym (and no standing)
    Chlamydia psittaci (Lillie 1930) Page 1968 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Chlamydia sanzinia" Taylor-Brown et al. 2016	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    "Candidatus Chlamydia sanziniae" corrig. Taylor-Brown et al. 2016	not validly published	pro-correct name
    "Chlamydia serpentis" Staub et al. 2018	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    Chlamydia suis Everett et al. 1999	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Chlamydia testudinis" Laroucau et al. 2020	not validly published	pro-correct name
    Chlamydia trachomatis (Busacca 1935) Rake 1957 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Chlamydiaceae Rake 1957 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Rake G. Family II. Chlamydiaceae Fam. Nov. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, seventh edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 957-968.

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Record number: 517200