Name: Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Yabuuchi and Yano 1981

Category: Species

Proposed as: sp. nov., nom. rev.

Etymology: xy.los.o’xi.dans. N.L. neut. n. xylosum, xylose, wood sugar; from Gr. neut. n. xylon, wood; N.L. v. oxido, to oxidize; from Gr. masc. adj. oxys, sour, acid; N.L. masc. part. adj. xylosoxidans, oxidizing xylose

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: a-k^hro-mo-BAK-ter xy-los-O-xi-dans, masculine

Type strain: ATCC 27061; CCUG 56438; CIP 71.32; DSM 10346; DSM 2402; Hugh 2838; IFO 15126; JCM 9659; KM543; LMG 1863; NBRC 15126; NCTC 10807; NRRL B-4082; Yabuuchi KM 543

See detailed strain information at

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: Y14908 Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Yabuuchi E, Yano I. Achromobacter gen. nov. and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) nom. rev. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1981; 31:477-478. 🇯🇵

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Alcaligenes xylosoxydans" (Yabuuchi and Yano 1981 ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Dewhirst et al. 1989	homotypic synonym, not validly published
    Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (Yabuuchi and Yano 1981 ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Kiredjian et al. 1986	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxydans (Yabuuchi and Yano 1981 ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Kersters and De Ley 1984	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, distinct rank
    "Achromobacter xylosoxidans" Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971	homotypic synonym, not validly published

• Emendations:
  • Yabuuchi et al. 1998 Yabuuchi E, Kawamura Y, Kosako Y, Ezaki T. Emendation of genus Achromobacter and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (Yabuuchi and Yano) and proposal of Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) comb. nov., Achromobacter piechaudii (Kiredjian et al.) comb. nov., and Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Ruger and Tan) comb. nov. Microbiol Immunol 1998; 42:429-438. 🇯🇵 Anonymous. Validation list no. 67. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1998; 48:1083-1084.
    Notes:
    • 🧍 The results of phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences and a difference of more 10% in GC contents of DNA demonstrate that Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Yabuuchi and Yano 1981, the type species of the genus Achromobacter, and Alcaligenes faecalis Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980), the type species of the genus Alcaligenes, belong to the 2 distinct genera Achromobacter Yabuuchi and Yano 1981 emend. Yabuuchi et al. 1998 and Alcaligenes Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980), respectively. The species Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Yabuuchi and Yano 1981 encompasses two subspecies (see: below).

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the genus Achromobacter Yabuuchi and Yano 1981. Publication: Yabuuchi E, Yano I. Achromobacter gen. nov. and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) nom. rev. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1981; 31:477-478. 🇯🇵
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "Animal classification RG: 2 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🎓 Name mentioned 774 times in PubMed until 2026-06-11.
  • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the species itself.
  • 🧍 According to Bartlett et al. (2022), this species is an established human pathogen. Publication: Bartlett A, Padfield D, Lear L, Bendall R, Vos M. A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans. Microbiology (Reading) 2022; 168:0. 🇬🇧
  • 🧍 The spelling is xylosoxidans in the nomenclatural name Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Yabuuchi and Yano 1981. However, the spelling is xylosoxydans in the nomenclatural name Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxydans (Yabuuchi and Yano 1981) Kersters and De Ley 1984. In Latin, "y" is a letter borrowed from the Greek in order to represent the Greek upsilon (υ). The root of the word is the Greek adjective οςυζ (Latin transliteration oxys) and the spelling xylosoxydans seems better than xylosoxidans. Publication: Euzeby JP. List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1997; 47:590-592. 🇫🇷

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 2
Total number of child taxa: 2

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Rüger and Tan 1983 ex Leifson and Hugh 1954) Yabuuchi et al. 1998	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans (Yabuuchi and Yano 1981 ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) Yabuuchi et al. 1998	validly published under the ICNP	synonym of its species

Parent taxon: Achromobacter Yabuuchi and Yano 1981

Assigned by: Yabuuchi E, Yano I. Achromobacter gen. nov. and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ex Yabuuchi and Ohyama 1971) nom. rev. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1981; 31:477-478. 🇯🇵

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Record number: 772566