Genus Borrelia
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 42
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Borrelia Swellengrebel 1907, genus.
Type species: ¤ Borrelia anserina (Sakharoff 1891) Bergey et al. 1925 (Approved Lists 1980).
Etymology: N.L. fem. n. Borrelia, named after A. Borrel, a French bacteriologist.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: SWELLENGREBEL (N.H.): Sur la cytologie comparée des spirochètes et des spirilles. Annales de l'Institut Pasteur (Paris), 1907, 21, 562-586.
→ Borrelia Swellengrebel 1907 emend. Adeolu and Gupta 2014.
Reference: ADEOLU, M. and GUPTA, R. S. 2014. A phylogenomic and molecular marker based proposal for the division of the genus Borrelia into two genera: the emended genus Borrelia containing only the members of the relapsing fever Borrelia, and the genus Borreliella gen. nov. containing the members of the Lyme disease Borrelia (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 105, 1049-1073.
Original article.
Borrelia afzelii Canica et al. 1994, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) VS461 = ATCC 51567= CIP 103469 = DSM 10508.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: FR733687.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. afzelii, of Afzelius, named in honor of Arvid Afzelius, a Swedish physician who was the first to report the skin lesion characteristic of Lyme borreliosis in 1909.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 48. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1994, 44, 182-183.
Effective publication: CANICA (M.M.), NATO (F.), DU MERLE (L.), MAZIE (J.C.), BARANTON (G.) and POSTIC (D.): Monoclonal antibodies for the identification of Borrelia afzelii sp. nov. associated with late cutaneous manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 1993, 25, 441-448.
Validation List no. 48 in IJSEM Online
Note: Borrelia afzelii Canica et al. 1994 was previously known as Borrelia genomic group VS461.
→ ¤ Borreliella afzelii (Canica et al. 1994) Adeolu and Gupta 2018, comb. nov.
Borrelia americana Rudenko et al. 2010, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) SCW-41 = ATCC BAA-1877 = DSM 22541.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EU081285.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. americana, American, referring to the United States of America, where the organism was first isolated.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 135. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2010, 60, 1985-1986.
Effective publication: RUDENKO (N.), GOLOVCHENKO (M.), LIN (T.), GAO (L.), GRUBHOFFER (L.) and OLIVER Jr.(J.H.): Delineation of a new species of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, Borrelia americana sp.nov. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2009, 47, 3875-3880.
Validation List no. 135 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: The accession numbers ATCC BAA-1877 and DSM 22541 have been provided at the time of request for valid publication of the name.
Reference: ASSOCIATE EDITOR, IJSEM: Validation List no. 135 (footnote ‡). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2010, 60, 1985-1986.
Validation List no. 135 in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Borreliella americana (Rudenko et al. 2010) Adeolu and Gupta 2018, comb. nov.
Borrelia anserina (Sakharoff 1891) Bergey et al. 1925, species. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonyms: "Spirochaeta anserina" Sakharoff 1891, "Spirochaete gallinarum" (sic) Stephens and Christopher 1904, "Spiroschaudinnia anserina" (Sakharoff 1891) Sambon 1907.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. anserina, of or pertaining to geese.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 SAKHAROFF (M.N.): Spirochaeta anserina et la septicémie des oies. Annales de l'Institut Pasteur (Paris), 1891, 5, 564-566. 2 BERGEY (D.H.), HARRISON (F.C.), BREED (R.S.), HAMMER (B.W.) and HUNTOON (F.M.) (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 2nd ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1925, pp. 1-462.
Borrelia baltazardii corrig. (ex Karimi et al. 1979) Karimi et al. 1983, sp. nov., nom. rev.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) B"x".
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not found.
Synonym: "Borrelia baltazardi" Karimi et al. 1979.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. baltazardii, of Baltazard, named after M. Baltazard.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 10. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 438-440.
Effective publication: KARIMI (Y.), HOVIND-HOUGEN (K.), BIRCH-ANDERSEN (A.) and ASMAR (M.): Borrelia persica and Borrelia baltazardi sp. nov.: experimental pathogenicity for some animals and comparison of the ultrastructure. Ann. Microbiol. (Paris), 1979, 130B, 157-168.
Validation List no. 10 in IJSEM Online
Notes:
1 The original spelling, Borrelia baltazardi (sic), has been corrected by the Associate Editor, IJSB 1983.
Reference: ASSOCIATE EDITOR, IJSB: Validation List no. 10. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 438-440.
Validation List no. 10 in IJSEM Online
2 The type strain is currently not available from a recognized culture collection.
Reference: YARZA (P.), SPRÖER (C.), SWIDERSKI (J.), MROTZEK (N.), SPRING (S.), TINDALL (B.J.), GRONOW (S.), PUKALL (R.), KLENK (H.P.), LANG (E.), VERBARG (S.), CROUCH (A.), LILBURN (T.), BECK (B.), UNOSSON (C.), CARDEW (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), GOMILA (M.), NAKAGAWA (Y.), JANSSENS (D.), DE VOS (P.), PEIREN (J.), SUTTELS (T.), CLERMONT (D.), BIZET (C.), SAKAMOTO (M.), IIDA (T.), KUDO (T.), KOSAKO (Y.), OSHIDA (Y.), OHKUMA (M.), ARAHAL (D.R.), SPIECK (E.), POMMERENING ROESER (A.), FIGGE (M.), PARK (D.), BUCHANAN (P.), CIFUENTES (A.), MUNOZ (R.), EUZEBY (J.P.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.), LUDWIG (W.), AMANN (R.), GLÖCKNER (F.O.) and RÓSSELLO-MÓRA (R.): Sequencing orphan species initiative (SOS): Filling the gaps in the 16S rRNA gene sequence database for all species with validly published names. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2013, 36, 69-73.
Publication online
Borrelia bavariensis Margos et al. 2013, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) PBi=DSM 23469=BAA-2496.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: NR_074854.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. bavariensis, of or belonging to Bavaria, from where the type strain was isolated.
Source: Clinical.
Reference: MARGOS, G., WILSKE, B., SING, A., HIZO-TEUFEL, C., CAO, W.-C., CHU, C., SCHOLZ, H., STRAUBINGER, R. K. and FINGERLE, V. 2013. Borrelia bavariensis sp. nov. is widely distributed in Europe and Asia. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 63, 4284-4288.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Borreliella bavariensis (Margos et al. 2013) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia bissettiae Margos et al. 2016, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) DN127=DSM 17990= CIP 109136.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KT709291.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: -.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. bissettiae, of Bissett, proposed in honour of Marjorie L. Bissett, who isolated and described this spirochaete along with her co-worker Warren Hill (Bissett & Hill, 1987).
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: MARGOS, G., LANE, R. S., FEDOROVA, N., KOLOCZEK, J., PIESMAN, J., HOJGAARD, A., SING, A. and FINGERLE, V. 2016. Borrelia bissettiae sp. nov. and Borrelia californiensis sp. nov. prevail in diverse enzootic transmission cycles. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 66, 1447-1452.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia brasiliensis Davis 1952, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. brasiliensis, named after the specific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros brasiliensis.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: DAVIS (G.E.): Observations on the biology of the Argasid tick, Ornithodoros brasiliensis. Aragão, 1923 with the recovery of a spirochete, Borrelia brasiliensis n. sp. Journal of Parasitology, 1952, 38, 473-476.
Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson et al. 1984, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) B31 = ATCC 35210= CIP 102532 = DSM 4680.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: M59293.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. burgdorferi, of Burgdorfer, named in honor of Willy Burgdorfer.
Valid publication: JOHNSON (R.C.), SCHMID (G.P.), HYDE (F.W.), STEIGERWALT (A.G.) and BRENNER (D.J.): Borrelia burgdorferi sp. nov.: etiologic agent of Lyme disease. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1984, 34, 496-497.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson et al. 1984 emend. Baranton et al. 1992.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) B31 = ATCC 35210= CIP 102532 = DSM 4680.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: M59293.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. burgdorferi, of Burgdorfer, named in honor of Willy Burgdorfer.
Reference: BARANTON (G.), POSTIC (D.), SAINT GIRONS (I.), BOERLIN (P.), PIFFARETTI (J.C.), ASSOUS (M.) and GRIMONT (P.A.D.): Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii sp. nov., and group VS461 associated with Lyme borreliosis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1992, 42, 378-383.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Borreliella burgdorferi (Johnson et al. 1984) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia californiensis Margos et al. 2016, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CA446=DSM 17989=ATCC BAA-2689.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: NR_148824.1.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. californiensis, belonging to California, from where the type strain was isolated) was proposed by Postic et al. (2007).
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: MARGOS, G., LANE, R. S., FEDOROVA, N., KOLOCZEK, J., PIESMAN, J., HOJGAARD, A., SING, A. and FINGERLE, V. 2016. Borrelia bissettiae sp. nov. and Borrelia californiensis sp. nov. prevail in diverse enzootic transmission cycles. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 66, 1447-1452.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia carolinensis Rudenko et al. 2011, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) SCW-22 = ATCC BAA-1773 = DSM 22119.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EU085407.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. carolinensis, of or belonging to Carolina, referring to South Carolina, USA, where the organism was first isolated.
Valid publication: RUDENKO (N.), GOLOVCHENKO (M.), GRUBHOFFER (L.) and OLIVER Jr (J.H.): Borrelia carolinensis sp. nov., a novel species of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex isolated from rodents and a tick from the south-eastern USA. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 381-383.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Borreliella carolinensis (Rudenko et al. 2011) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia caucasica (Kandelaki 1945) Davis 1957, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta caucasica" Kandelaki 1945.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. caucasica, pertaining to the Caucasus.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 KANDELAKI according to MARUASHVILI (G.M.): On the tick borne relapsing fever. Meditsinskaya Parazitologiya i Parazitarnye Bolezni, 1945, 14, 24-27. 2 DAVIS (G.E.): Order IX. Spirochaetales Buchanan 1918. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, seventh edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 892-907.
Borrelia coriaceae Johnson et al. 1987, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Co53 = ATCC 43381= CIP 104208.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: U42286.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. coriacea, of leather, made of leather; N.L. fem. gen. n. coriaceae, named after the speciific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros coriaceus, from which the organism was isolated.
Valid publication: JOHNSON (R.C.), BURGDORFER (W.), LANE (R.S.), BARBOUR (A.G.), HAYES (S.F.) and HYDE (F.W.): Borrelia coriaceae sp. nov.: putative agent of epizootic bovine abortion. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1987, 37, 72-74.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia crocidurae (Leger 1917) Davis 1957, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta crocidurae" Leger 1917.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. crocidurae, of Crocidura, a genus of Insectivora.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 LEGER (A.): Spirochaete de la musaraigne (Crocidura stampfli Tentink). Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique, 1917, 10, 280-281. 2 DAVIS (G.E.): Order IX. Spirochaetales Buchanan 1918. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, seventh edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 892-907.
Borrelia dugesii (Mazzotti 1949) Davis 1957, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta dugesi" (sic) Mazzotti 1949.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. dugesii, of dugesi, the specific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros dugesi.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 MAZZOTTI (L.): Sobre una nueva espiroqueta de la fiebre recurrente, encontrada en Mexico. Revista del Instituto de Salubridad y Enfermedades Tropicales Mexico, 1949, 10, 277-281. 2 DAVIS (G.E.): Order IX. Spirochaetales Buchanan 1918. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, seventh edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 892-907.
Borrelia duttonii (Novy and Knapp 1906) Bergey et al. 1925, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonyms: "Spirillum duttoni" (sic) Novy and Knapp 1906, "Spirochaeta duttoni" (sic) (Novy and Knapp 1906) Breinl 1906.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. duttonii, of Dutton; named after J.E. Dutton.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 NOVY (F.G.) and KNAPP (R.E.): Studies on Spirillum obermeiri and related organisms. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1906, 3, 291-393. 2 BERGEY (D.H.), HARRISON (F.C.), BREED (R.S.), HAMMER (B.W.) and HUNTOON (F.M.) (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 2nd ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1925, pp. 1-462.
Note: Viable cultures were obtained by Cutler et al. 1999. The strains were designated La, Ly, Lw, Ma and Ku.
Reference: CUTLER (S.J.), AKINTUNDE (C.O.K.), MOSS (J.), FUKUNAGA (M.), KURTENBACH (K.), TALBERT (A.), ZHANG (H.), WRIGHT (D.J.M.) and WARRELL (D.A.): Successful in vitro cultivation of Borrelia duttonii and its comparison with Borrelia recurrentis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1793-1799.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia garinii Baranton et al. 1992, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 20047 = ATCC 51383= CIP 103362 = DSM 10534.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D67018.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. garinii, of Garin, in honor of Charles Garin, a French physician.
Valid publication: BARANTON (G.), POSTIC (D.), SAINT GIRONS (I.), BOERLIN (P.), PIFFARETTI (J.C.), ASSOUS (M.) and GRIMONT (P.A.D.): Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii sp. nov., and group VS461 associated with Lyme borreliosis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1992, 42, 378-383.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: Borrelia garinii Baranton et al. 1992 was previously known as Borrelia genomic group 20047.
→ ¤ Borreliella garinii (Baranton et al. 1992) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia graingeri (Heisch 1953) Davis 1957, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta graingeri" Heisch 1953.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. graingeri, named after the specific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros graingeri.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 HEISCH (R.B.): On a spirochaete isolated from Ornithodoros graingeri. Parasitology, 1953, 43, 133-135. 2 DAVIS (G.E.): Order IX. Spirochaetales Buchanan 1918. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, seventh edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 892-907.
Borrelia harveyi (Garnham 1947) Davis 1948, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta harveyi" Garnham 1947.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. harveyi, of Harvey, named after A. E. C. Harvey.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 GARNHAM (P.C.C.): A new blood spirochaete in the grivet monkey, Cercopithecus aethiops. East African Medical Journal, 1947, 24, 47-51. 2 DAVIS (G.E.): The spirochetes. Annual Review of Microbiology, 1948, 2, 305-334.
Borrelia hermsii (Davis 1942) Steinhaus 1946, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta hermsi" (sic) Davis 1942.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. hermsii, of hermsi, the specific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros hermsi.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 DAVIS (G.E.): Species unity or plurality of the relapsing fever Spirochetes. Publications of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1942, No. 18, pp. 41-47. 2 STEINHAUS (E.A.): Insect Microbiology. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, New York, 1946.
Note: Viable cultures are now available (i.e. CIP 104209 = DSM 4682) but no type strain has been designated.
Borrelia hispanica (de Buen 1926) Steinhaus 1946, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta hispanica" de Buen 1926.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. hispanica, Spanish, from Spain.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 DE BUEN (S.): Note préliminaire sur l'épidémiologie de la fièvre récurrente espagnole. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 1926, 4, 185-192. 2 STEINHAUS (E.A.): Insect Microbiology. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, New York, 1946.
Borrelia japonica Kawabata et al. 1994, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) HO14 = ATCC 51557= JCM 8951.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: L40597.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. japonica, pertaining to Japan.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 50. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1994, 44, 595.
Effective publication: KAWABATA (H.), MASUZAWA (T.) and YANAGIHARA (Y.): Genomic analysis of Borrelia japonica sp. nov. isolated from Ixodes ovatus in Japan. Microbiol. Immunol., 1993, 37, 843-848.
Validation List no. 50 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: Borrelia japonica Kawabata et al. 1994 was previously known as Borrelia genomic group F63B.
→ ¤ Borreliella japonica (Kawabata et al. 1994) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia kurtenbachii Margos et al. 2014, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 25015=ATCC BAA-2495= DSM 26572.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KF052001.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. kurtenbachii, in honour of Klaus Kurtenbach (1959-2009) and his contributions to research on the Lyme borreliosis group of spirochaetes.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: MARGOS, G., PIESMAN, J., LANE, R. S., OGDEN, N. H., SING, A., STRAUBINGER, R. K. and FINGERLE, V. 2014. Borrelia kurtenbachii sp. nov., a widely distributed member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex in North America. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 64, 128-130.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Borreliella kurtenbachii (Margos et al. 2014) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia lanei Margos et al. 2017, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CA28-91=DSM 17992=CIP 109135.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ224131.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. lanei, in honour of Professor Robert S. Lane for his outstanding contributions to Borrelia and Ixodes research.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: MARGOS, G., FEDOROVA, N., KLEINJAN, J. E., HARTBERGER, C., SCHWAN, T. G., SING, A. and FINGERLE, V. 2017. Borrelia lanei sp. nov. extends the diversity of Borrelia species in California. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67, 3872-3876.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia latyschewii (Sofiev 1941) Davis 1948, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta latyschewi" (sic) Sofiev 1941.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. latyschewii, of Latyschew, named after Latyschew (Latyshev).
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 SOFIEV (M.S.): Spirochaeta latyschewi n. sp. of relapsing fever type. Medical Parasitology (Moscow), 1941, 10, 337-373. 2 DAVIS (G.E.): The spirochetes. Annual Review of Microbiology, 1948, 2, 305-334.
Borrelia lusitaniae Le Fleche et al. 1997, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) PotiB2 = CIP 105366.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: X98228.
Etymology: L. gen. n. lusitaniae, of Lusitania, the Roman name of the Portugal, where the organism was first isolated.
Valid publication: LE FLECHE (A.), POSTIC (D.), GIRARDET (K.), PETER (O.) and BARANTON (G.): Characterization of Borrelia lusitaniae sp. nov. by 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1997, 47, 921-925.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: Borrelia lusitaniae Le Fleche et al. 1997 was previously known as Borrelia genomic group PotiB2.
Borrelia mayonii Pritt et al. 2016, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) MN14-1420=ATCC BAA-2743=DSM 10281.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KM877342.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: .
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. mayonii, after William James Mayo and Charles Horace Mayo, founders of the Mayo Clinic.
Source: Clinical.
Valid publication: PRITT, B. S., RESPICIO-KINGRY, L. B., SLOAN, L. M., SCHRIEFER, M. E., REPLOGLE, A. J., BJORK, J., LIU, G., KINGRY, L. C., MEAD, P. S., NEITZEL, D. F., SCHIFFMAN, E., HOANG JOHNSON, D. K., DAVIS, J. P., PASKEWITZ, S. M., BOXRUD, D., DEEDON, A., LEE, X., MILLER, T. K., FEIST, M. A., STEWARD, C. R., THEEL, E. S., PATEL, R., IRISH, C. L. and PETERSEN, J. M. 2016. Borrelia mayonii sp. nov., a member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, detected in patients and ticks in the upper midwestern United States. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 66, 4878-4880.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia mazzottii Davis 1956, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. mazzottii, of Mazzotti, named after L. Mazzotti.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: DAVIS (G.E.): A relapsing fever spirochete, Borrelia mazzottii (sp. nov.) from Ornithodorus talaje from Mexico. American Journal of Hygiene, 1956, 63, 13-17.
Borrelia miyamotoi Fukunaga et al. 1995, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) HT31 = JCM 9579.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D45192.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. miyamotoi, of Miyamoto, in honor of Kenji Miyamoto, an entomologist who first isolated this organism from Ixodes ticks in Japan.
Valid publication: FUKUNAGA (M.), TAKAHASHI (Y.), TSURUTA (Y.), MATSUSHITA (O.), RALPH (D.), McCLELLAND (M.) and NAKAO (M.): Genetic and phenotypic analysis of Borrelia miyamotoi sp. nov., isolated from the ixodid tick Ixodes persulcatus, the vector for Lyme disease in Japan. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1995, 45, 804-810.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia parkeri (Davis 1942) Steinhaus 1946, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta parkeri" Davis 1942.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. parkeri, named after the specific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros parkeri.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 DAVIS (G.E.): Species unity or plurality of the relapsing fever Spirochetes. Publications of the American Association for the Advancement of Science No. 18, 1942, pp. 41-47. 2 STEINHAUS (E.A.): Insect Microbiology. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, New York, 1946.
Borrelia persica (Dschunkowsky 1913) Steinhaus 1946, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta persica" Dschunkowsky 1913.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. persica, Persian, of Persia.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 DSCHUNKOWSKY (E.): Das Rukfallfieber in Persien. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, 1913, 39, 419-420. 2 STEINHAUS (E.A.): Insect Microbiology. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, New York, 1946.
Borrelia recurrentis (Lebert 1874) Bergey et al. 1925, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonyms: "Spirochaete recurrentis" Lebert 1874, "Spirochaete obermeieri" Cohn 1875, "Spiroschaudinnia recurrentis" (Lebert 1874) Sambon 1907.
Etymology: L. part. adj. recurrens -entis, recurring; N.L. gen. n. recurrentis, intended to mean of a recurrent fever.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 LEBERT (H.): Rückfallstyphus und bilioses Typhoid. In: Ziemssen's Handbuch der Speciellen Pathologie und Therapie, Ed. 2, F.C.W. VOGEL, Leipzig, pp. 267-304. 2 BERGEY (D.H.), HARRISON (F.C.), BREED (R.S.), HAMMER (B.W.) and HUNTOON (F.M.) (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 2nd ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1925, pp. 1-462.
Borrelia sinica Masuzawa et al. 2001, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CMN3 = DSM 23262 = JCM 10505.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB022101.
Etymology: M.L. fem. adj. sinica, of or belonging to China, the country from which the organism was isolated.
Valid publication: MASUZAWA (T.), TAKADA (N.), KUDEKEN (M.), FUKUI (T.), YANO (Y.), ISHIGURO (F.), KAWAMURA (Y.), IMAI (Y.) and EZAKI (T.): Borrelia sinica sp. nov., a Lyme disease-related Borrelia species isolated in China. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2001, 51, 1817-1824.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Notes:
1 The specific epithet is a Medieval Latin adjective (sinicus-a -um, of China), not a Latin adjective as cited in the paper by Masuzawa et al. 2001.
2 At the time of publication, the type strain was not deposited in two publicly accessible service collections in different countries, and Borrelia sinica Masuzawa et al. 2001 was not validly published [Rules 27(3) and 30]. However, according to the Judicial Opinion 81, Borrelia sinica Masuzawa et al. 2001 is now considered to be validly published, since deposit in a second culture collection in a different country has been documented. .
References:
1 EUZÉBY (J.P.) and TINDALL (B.J.): Status of strains that contravene Rules 27(3) and 30 of the Bacteriological Code. Request for an Opinion. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2004, 54, 293-301.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 JUDICIAL COMMISSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON SYSTEMATICS OF PROKARYOTES: Status of strains that contravene Rules 27 (3) and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Opinion 81. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 1755-1763.
Opinion 81 in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Borreliella sinica (Masuzawa et al. 2001) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia spielmanii Richter et al. 2006, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) PC-Eq17N5 = CIP 108855 = DSM 16813.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: DQ133523.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. spielmanii, of Spielman, named in honour of Andrew Spielman, who described for the first time the life cycle and biological relationships of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.
Valid publication: RICHTER (D.), POSTIC (D.), SERTOUR (N.), LIVEY (I.), MATUSCHKA (F.R.) and BARANTON (G.): Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species by multilocus sequence analysis and confirmation of the delineation of Borrelia spielmanii sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 873-881.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: Borrelia spielmanii Richter et al. 2006 was previously known as "Borrelia spielmani" Richter et al. 2004 [RICHTER (D.), SCHLEE (D.B.), ALLGOWER (R.) and MATUSCHKA (F.R.): Relationships of a novel lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia spielmani sp. nov., with its hosts in Central Europe. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2004, 70, 6414-6419.]
Original article Online
→ ¤ Borreliella spielmanii (Richter et al. 2006) Adeolu and Gupta 2015, comb. nov.
Borrelia tanukii Fukunaga et al. 1997, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Hk501 = ATCC BAA-127 = JCM 9662.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D67023.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. tanukii, of/from tanuki, named after Ixodes tanuki, from which the organism was isolated.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 63. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1997, 47, 1274.
Effective publication: FUKUNAGA (M.), HAMASE (A.), OKADA (K.) and NAKAO (M.): Borrelia tanukii sp. nov., and Borrelia turdae sp. nov. found from ixodid ticks in Japan: rapid species identification by 16S rRNA gene-targeted PCR analysis. Microbiol. Immunol., 1996, 40, 877-881.
Validation List no. 63 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: According to Dr. J. Tang (ATCC), the strain ATCC BAA-127 is not available, because the ATCC could not revive this culture after several attempts.
Reference: TANG (J.): Personal communication (June 20, 2005).
Borrelia theileri (Laveran 1903) Bergey et al. 1925, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta theileri" Laveran 1903.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. theileri, of Theiler; named after A. Theiler.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 LAVERAN (A.): Sur la spirillose des bovidés. Compte Rendu de l'Académie des Sciences (Paris), 1903, 136, 939-941. 2 BERGEY (D.H.), HARRISON (F.C.), BREED (R.S.), HAMMER (B.W.) and HUNTOON (F.M.) (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 2nd ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1925, pp. 1-462.
Borrelia tillae Zumpt and Organ 1961, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Etymology: N.L. fem. gen. n. tillae, of Till, named after Dr. W. Till.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: ZUMPT (F.) and ORGAN (D.): Strains of spirochaetes isolated from Ornithodoros zumpti Heisch and Guggisberg and from wild rats in the Cape province. A preliminary note. South African Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 1961, 7, 31-35.
Borrelia turcica Güner et al. 2004, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) IST7 = DSM 16138 = JCM 11958.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB111849.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. turcica, of or belonging to Turkey, the country in which the species was isolated.
Valid publication: GÜNER (E.S.), WATANABE (M.), HASHIMOTO (N.), KADOSAKA (T.), KAWAMURA (Y.), EZAKI (T.), KAWABATA (H.), IMAI (Y.), KANEDA (K.) and MASUZAWA (T.): Borrelia turcica sp. nov., isolated from the hard tick Hyalomma aegyptium in Turkey. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2004, 54, 1649-1652.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Borrelia turdi corrig. Fukunaga et al. 1997, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Ya501 = ATCC BAA-126 = JCM 9661.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D67022.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. turdi, of/from turdus, named after Ixodes turdus, from which the organism was isolated.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 63. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1997, 47, 1274.
Effective publication: FUKUNAGA (M.), HAMASE (A.), OKADA (K.) and NAKAO (M.): Borrelia tanukii sp. nov., and Borrelia turdae sp. nov. found from ixodid ticks in Japan: rapid species identification by 16S rRNA gene-targeted PCR analysis. Microbiol. Immunol., 1996, 40, 877-881.
Validation List no. 63 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Notes:
1 The original spelling, Borrelia turdae (sic), has been corrected in accordance with Rule 61 on the occasion of validation.
Reference: Validation List no. 63 (footnote c). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1997, 47, 1274.
Validation List no. 63 in IJSEM Online
2 According to Dr. J. Tang (ATCC), the strain ATCC BAA-126 is not available, because the ATCC could not revive this culture after several attempts.
Reference: TANG (J.): Personal communication (June 20, 2005).
Borrelia turicatae (Brumpt 1933) Steinhaus 1946, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Spirochaeta turicatae" Brumpt 1933.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. turicatae, of turicata, the specific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros turicata.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 BRUMPT (E.): Étude du Spirochaeta turicatae, n. sp. agent de la fièvre récurrente sporadique des Etats-Unis transmis par Ornithodorus turicata. Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie (Paris), 1933, 113, 1369-1372. 2 STEINHAUS (E.A.): Insect Microbiology. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, New York, 1946.
Borrelia valaisiana Wang et al. 1997, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) VS116 = CIP 105367.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: X98232.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. valaisiana, of or belonging to Valais, Switzerland, where this organism was first isolated.
Valid publication: WANG (G.), Van DAM (A.P.), LE FLECHE (A.), POSTIC (D.), PETER (O.), BARANTON (G.), De BOER (R.), SPANJAARD (L.) and DANKERT (J.): Genetic and phenotypic analysis of Borrelia valaisiana sp. nov. (Borrelia genomic groups VS116 and M19). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1997, 47, 926-932.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: Borrelia valaisiana Wang et al. 1997 was previously known as Borrelia genomic groups VS116 and M19.
→ ¤ Borreliella valaisiana (Wang et al. 1997) Adeolu and Gupta 2018, comb. nov.
Borrelia venezuelensis (Brumpt 1921) Brumpt 1922, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture available.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonyms: "Treponema venezuelense" Brumpt 1921, "Spirochaeta neotropicalis" Bates and St. John 1922, "Borrelia neotropicalis" (Bates and St. John 1922) Steinhaus 1946.
Etymology: N.L. adj. venezuelensis, named after the specific epithet of the tick vector, Ornithodoros rudis (Ornithodoros venezuelensis).
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 BRUMPT (E.): Les parasites des invertébrés hématophages. In: LAVIER, Thèse, Paris, 1921, p. 207. 2 BRUMPT (E.): Les Spirochetoses. In: G.H. ROGER, F. WIDAL and P.J. TEISSIER (editors): Nouveau Traité de Mèdecine, Masson, Paris, 1922, 4, 491-531.
Borrelia yangtzensis Margos et al. 2015, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Okinawa-CW62=DSM 24625=JCM 17189.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB526082.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. yangtzensis, referring to the Yangtze River valley in China, where these organisms were first isolated.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: MARGOS, G., CHU, C. Y., TAKANO, A., JIANG, B. G., LIU, W., KURTENBACH, K., MASUZAWA, T., FINGERLE, V., CAO, W. C. and KAWABATA, H. 2015. Borrelia yangtzensis sp. nov., a rodent-associated species in Asia, is related to Borrelia valaisiana. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 65, 3830-3835.
Original article in IJSEM Online