Genus Brachyspira
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 9
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Brachyspira Hovind-Hougen et al. 1983, gen. nov. (Type genus of the family ¤ Brachyspiraceae Paster 2012).
Type species: ¤ Brachyspira aalborgi Hovind-Hougen et al. 1983.
Etymology: Gr. adj. brachys, short; L. fem. n. spira, a coil, spiral; N.L. fem. n. Brachyspira, a short spiral, describing a bacterium that resembles a short spiral.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 12. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 896-897.
Effective publication: HOVIND-HOUGEN (K.), BIRCH-ANDERSEN (A.), HENRIK-NIELSEN (R.), ORHOLM (M.), PEDERSEN (J.O.), TEGLBJAERG (P.S.) and THAYSEN (E.H.): Intestinal spirochetosis: morphological characterization and cultivation of the spirochete Brachyspira aalborgi gen. nov., sp. nov. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1982, 16, 1127-1136.
Validation List no. 12 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: According to Ochiai et al. 1998, Brachyspira Hovind-Hougen et al. 1983 is an earlier heterotypic synonym of ¤ Serpulina Stanton 1992.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 64. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 327-328.
Effective publication: OCHIAI (S.), ADACHI (Y.) and MORI (K.): Unification of the genera Serpulina and Brachyspira, and proposal of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae comb. nov., Brachyspira innocens comb. nov. and Brachyspira pilosicoli comb. nov. Microbiol. Immunol., 1997, 41, 445-452.
Validation List no. 64 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Brachyspira aalborgi Hovind-Hougen et al. 1983, sp. nov. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 513A = ATCC 43994= CIP 104603 = NCTC 11492.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: Z22781.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. aalborgi, of Aalborg, named for the Danish town Aalborg in which the rectal biopsies containing the spirochete were taken from human diarrheic patients.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 12. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 896-897.
Effective publication: HOVIND-HOUGEN (K.), BIRCH-ANDERSEN (A.), HENRIK-NIELSEN (R.), ORHOLM (M.), PEDERSEN (J.O.), TEGLBJAERG (P.S.) and THAYSEN (E.H.): Intestinal spirochetosis: morphological characterization and cultivation of the spirochete Brachyspira aalborgi gen. nov., sp. nov. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1982, 16, 1127-1136.
Validation List no. 12 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Brachyspira alvinipulli Stanton et al. 1998, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) C1 (91-1207/C1) = ATCC 51933= CIP 105681.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EF455559.
Etymology: L. adj. alvinus -a -um, suffering from diarrhea; L. n. pullus, a young fowl, a chicken; N.L. gen. n. alvinipulli, of a diarrhaeic chicken, referring to the host animal from which spirochete was isolated.
Valid publication: STANTON (T.B.), POSTIC (D.) and JENSEN (N.S.): Serpulina alvinipulli sp. nov., a new Serpulina species that is enteropathogenic for chickens. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 669-676.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: In January 1998, the unification of the genera ¤ Serpulina and Brachyspira, and the transfer of ¤ Serpulina hyodysenteriae (the type species of the genus Serpulina) to the genus Brachyspira as ¤ Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, have been validly published [1, 2]. So, according to Rule 37a, the name Serpulina must be changed to Brachyspira. In the paper by Stanton et al. [3] Brachyspira alvinipulli is designated as ¤ Serpulina alvinipulli. However, in a note added in proof, Stanton et al. [3] write: "In accordance with the rules of taxonomy, the bacterium characterized in this paper should be designated Brachyspira alvinipulli sp. nov.".
References:
1 Validation List no. 64. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 327-328.
Validation List no. 64 in IJSEM Online
2 OCHIAI (S.), ADACHI (Y.) and MORI (K.): Unification of the genera Serpulina and Brachyspira, and proposal of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae comb. nov., Brachyspira innocens comb. nov. and Brachyspira pilosicoli comb. nov. Microbiol. Immunol., 1997, 41, 445-452.
Original article Online
3 STANTON (T.B.), POSTIC (D.) and JENSEN (N.S.): Serpulina alvinipulli sp. nov., a new Serpulina species that is enteropathogenic for chickens. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 669-676.
Original article by Stanton et al. in IJSEM Online
Brachyspira hampsonii Mirajkar et al. 2017, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) NSH-16= ATCC BAA-2463 = NCTC 13792.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: JX232348.
Etymology: N/A.
Source: Veterinary.
Valid publication: VALIDATION LIST no. 174. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67 (2017), 529-531.
Validation List Online
Effective publication: MIRAJKAR, N. S., PHILLIPS, N. D., LA, T., HAMPSON, D. J. and GEBHART, C. J. 2016. Characterization and recognition of Brachyspira hampsonii sp. nov., a novel intestinal spirochete that is pathogenic to pigs. J Clin Microbiol, 54, 2942-2949.
Effective publication Online
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae (Harris et al. 1972) Ochiai et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) B78 = ATCC 27164= CCUG 46668 = NCTC 13041.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: U14930.
Basonym: ¤ Treponema hyodysenteriae Harris et al. 1972 (Approved Lists 1980).
Other synonyms: ¤ Serpula hyodysenteriae (Harris et al. 1972) Stanton et al. 1991, ¤ Serpulina hyodysenteriae (Harris et al. 1972) Stanton 1992.
Etymology: Gr. n. hyos, hog, pig; L. n. dysenteria, a flux, dysentery; N.L. gen. n. hyodysenteriae, of hog dysentery. In recognition of the species as the etiologic agent of swine dysentery.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 64. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 327-328.
Effective publication: OCHIAI (S.), ADACHI (Y.) and MORI (K.): Unification of the genera Serpulina and Brachyspira, and proposal of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae comb. nov., Brachyspira innocens comb. nov. and Brachyspira pilosicoli comb. nov. Microbiol. Immunol., 1997, 41, 445-452.
Validation List no. 64 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Brachyspira innocens (Kinyon and Harris 1979) Ochiai et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) B256 = ATCC 29796= CCUG 17081.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: U14920.
Basonym: ¤ Treponema innocens Kinyon and Harris 1979 (Approved Lists 1980).
Other synonyms: ¤ Serpula innocens (Kinyon and Harris 1979) Stanton et al. 1991, ¤ Serpulina innocens (Kinyon and Harris 1979) Stanton 1992.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. innocens, harmless, inoffensive (referring to non-pathogenic nature of the species for swine).
Valid publication: Validation List no. 64. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 327-328.
Effective publication: OCHIAI (S.), ADACHI (Y.) and MORI (K.): Unification of the genera Serpulina and Brachyspira, and proposal of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae comb. nov., Brachyspira innocens comb. nov. and Brachyspira pilosicoli comb. nov. Microbiol. Immunol., 1997, 41, 445-452.
Validation List no. 64 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Brachyspira intermedia (Stanton et al. 1997) Hampson and La 2006, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) PWS/A = ATCC 51140= CIP 105833.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: U23033, CP002874 (complete genome).
Basonym: ¤ Serpulina intermedia Stanton et al. 1997.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. intermedia, that is between, intermediate, referring to the fact that the biochemical reactivities of this organism are intermediate between those characteristically possessed by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and by Brachyspira innocens.
Valid publication: HAMPSON (D.J.) and LA (T.): Reclassification of Serpulina intermedia and Serpulina murdochii to the genus Brachyspira as Brachyspira intermedia comb. nov. and Brachyspira murdochii comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 1009-1012.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Brachyspira murdochii (Stanton et al. 1997) Hampson and La 2006, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 56-150 = ATCC 51284= CIP 105832 = DSM 12563.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: CP001959 (complete genome).
Basonym: ¤ Serpulina murdochii Stanton et al. 1997.
Etymology: N.L. masc. gen. n. murdochii, of Murdoch, in recognition of work conducted at Murdoch University in Western Australia, where the type strain was identified.
Valid publication: HAMPSON (D.J.) and LA (T.): Reclassification of Serpulina intermedia and Serpulina murdochii to the genus Brachyspira as Brachyspira intermedia comb. nov. and Brachyspira murdochii comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 1009-1012.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Brachyspira pilosicoli (Trott et al. 1996) Ochiai et al. 1998, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 51139.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AY155458.
Basonym: ¤ Serpulina pilosicoli Trott et al. 1996.
Etymology: L. adj. pilosus -a -um, hairy, shaggy; L. n. colon or colum, the colon; N.L. gen. n. pilosicoli, of a hairy colon (referring to the fact that infection and attachment by this intestinal spirochete can result in the histological appearance of a hairy covering, false brush border, on the surface of the colon).
Valid publication: Validation List no. 64. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48, 327-328.
Effective publication: OCHIAI (S.), ADACHI (Y.) and MORI (K.): Unification of the genera Serpulina and Brachyspira, and proposal of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae comb. nov., Brachyspira innocens comb. nov. and Brachyspira pilosicoli comb. nov. Microbiol. Immunol., 1997, 41, 445-452.
Validation List no. 64 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Brachyspira suanatina Mushtaq et al. 2016, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) AN4859/03=ATCC BAA-2592=DSM 100974.
Sequence accession no. (whole genome shotgun sequence) for the type strain: CVLB01000001.
Whole-genome sequence accession no.: CVLB01000001.
Etymology: L. masc. n. sus, pig; L. fem. adj. anatina, from/of a duck, N.L. fem. adj. suanatina, of pig and duck, referring to the host animals (pigs and mallards) from which this spirochete was isolated.
Source: Veterinary.
Valid publication: VALIDATION LIST no. 172. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 66 (2016), 4299–4305.
Validation List Online
Effective publication: Mushtaq, M., Zubair, S., Råsbäck, T., Bongcam-Rudloff, E. and Jansson, D. S. 2015. Brachyspira suanatina sp. nov., an enteropathogenic intestinal spirochaete isolated from pigs and mallards: genomic and phenotypic characteristics. BMC Microbiol. 15, 208.
Effective publication Online