Genus Caedibacter
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 5
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
Caedibacter (ex Preer et al. 1974) Preer and Preer 1982, gen. nov., nom. rev.
Type species: ¤ Caedibacter taeniospiralis (ex Preer et al. 1974) Preer and Preer 1982.
Synonym: "Caedobacter" (sic) Preer et al. 1974.
Etymology: L. n. caedes -is, a killing, slaughter, carnage, massacre, a murderous attack; N.L. masc. n. bacter, a rod; N.L. masc. n. Caedibacter, the bacterium which kills.
Valid publication: PREER Jr. (J.R.) and PREER (L.B.): Revival of names of protozoan endosymbionts and proposal of Holospora caryophila nom. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 140-141.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: According to Beier et al. 2002, of the five species validly published, only ¤ Caedibacter caryophilus and ¤ Caedibacter taeniospiralis (the type species of the genus) have been phylogenetically characterized by their 16S rRNA gene sequences. ¤ Caedibacter caryophilus was found to be a member of the ¤ Alphaproteobacteria related to the ¤ Rickettsiales. According to Beier et al., ¤ Caedibacter taeniospiralis is not closely related to ¤ Caedibacter caryophilus (80% 16S rRNA sequence similarity) but forms a novel evolutionary lineage within the ¤ Gammaproteobacteria with the family ¤ Francisellaceae as a sister group (87% 16S rRNA sequence similarity). Consequently, the genus Caedibacter is polyphyletic and comprises at least two phylogenetically different bacterial species belonging to two different classes of the Proteobacteria.
Reference: BEIER (C.L.), HORN (M.), MICHEL (R.), SCHWEIKERT (M.), GÖRTZ (H.D.) and WAGNER (M.): The genus Caedibacter comprises endosymbionts of Paramecium spp. related to the Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) and to Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 6043-6050.
Original article Online
Caedibacter caryophilus corrig. Schmidt et al. 1987, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 221 carried in Paramecium caudatum C221 (ATCC 50168.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: X71837.
Etymology: G. n. karuon, nut, kernel (in biology, nucleus); N.L. masc. adj. philus (from Gr. fem. adj. philos), friend, loving; N.L. masc. adj. caryophilus, nucleus loving.
Valid publication: SCHMIDT (H.J.), GÖRTZ (H.D.) and QUACKENBUSH (R.L.): Caedibacter caryophila sp. nov., a killer symbiont inhabiting the macronucleus of Paramecium caudatum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1987, 37, 459-462.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Notes:
1 The original spelling, Caedibacter caryophila (sic), has been corrected by Euzéby 1997.
Reference: EUZÉBY (J.P.): Revised nomenclature of specific or subspecific epithets that do not agree in gender with generic names that end in -bacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1997, 47, 585.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 According to Beier et al., Caedibacter caryophilus is not closely related to ¤ Caedibacter taeniospiralis (the type species of the genus). Caedibacter caryophilus is a member of the ¤ Alphaproteobacteria related to the ¤ Rickettsiales, while ¤ Caedibacter taeniospiralis forms a novel evolutionary lineage within the ¤ Gammaproteobacteria with the family ¤ Francisellaceae as a sister group.
Reference: BEIER (C.L.), HORN (M.), MICHEL (R.), SCHWEIKERT (M.), GÖRTZ (H.D.) and WAGNER (M.): The genus Caedibacter comprises endosymbionts of Paramecium spp. related to the Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) and to Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 6043-6050.
Original article Online
Caedibacter paraconjugatus Quackenbush 1982, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 570 = ATCC 30638.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not found.
Etymology: Gr. prep. para, beside, alongside of, near, like; L. masc. part. adj. conjugatus, joined together, united; also the specific epithet of a mate killer (Pseudocaedibacter conjugatus); N.L. masc. part. adj. paraconjugatus, similar to (Pseudocaedibacter) conjugatus, similar to mate killers.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 8. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 266-268.
Effective publication: QUACKENBUSH (R.L.): Genetic relationships among bacterial endosymbionts of Paramecium aurelia. Deoxyribonucleotide sequence relationships among members of Caedobacter. J. Gen. Microbiol., 1978, 108, 181-187.
Validation List no. 8 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: ATCC 30638is a two member culture, a protozoa (Paramecium biaurelia) that carries a bacterial endosymbiont, Caedibacter paraconjugatus. However, the type strain is not available from the ATCC because the endosymbiont was lost.
References:
1 TANG (J.): Personal communication (September 20, 2001).
2 BEIER (C.L.), HORN (M.), MICHEL (R.), SCHWEIKERT (M.), GÖRTZ (H.D.) and WAGNER (M.): The genus Caedibacter comprises endosymbionts of Paramecium spp. related to the Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) and to Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 6043-6050.
Original article Online
Caedibacter pseudomutans Quackenbush 1982, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 51 ml = ATCC 30633.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not found.
Etymology: Gr. adj. pseudês, false; L. part. adj. mutans, altering, changing; N.L. part. adj. pseudomutans, false changing, referring to the fact that it was once thought to be a mutant of Caedibacter taeniospiralis (Dippell, 1950).
Valid publication: Validation List no. 8. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 266-268.
Effective publication: QUACKENBUSH (R.L.): Genetic relationships among bacterial endosymbionts of Paramecium aurelia. Deoxyribonucleotide sequence relationships among members of Caedobacter. J. Gen. Microbiol., 1978, 108, 181-187.
Validation List no. 8 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: ATCC 30633is a two member culture, a protozoa (Paramecium tetraurelia) that carries a bacterial endosymbiont, Caedibacter pseudomutans. However, the type strain is not available from the ATCC because the endosymbiont was lost.
Reference: BEIER (C.L.), HORN (M.), MICHEL (R.), SCHWEIKERT (M.), GÖRTZ (H.D.) and WAGNER (M.): The genus Caedibacter comprises endosymbionts of Paramecium spp. related to the Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) and to Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 6043-6050.
Original article Online
Caedibacter taeniospiralis (ex Preer et al. 1974) Preer and Preer 1982, sp. nov., nom. rev. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 51KMJ (Stock 51 with Kappa) = ATCC 30632(The accession numbers refer to protozoan strains carrying the endosymbionts, Paramecium tetraurelia Sonneborn).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AY102612.
Synonym: "Caedobacter (sic) taeniospiralis" Preer et al. 1974.
Etymology: Gr. n. tainia (Latin transliteration taenia), a band, ribbon; N.L. adj. spiralis (from L. n. spira, coil; and L. suff. alis -is -e, suffix denoting pertaining to), coiled; N.L. masc. adj. taeniospiralis, coiled ribbon.
Valid publication: PREER Jr. (J.R.) and PREER (L.B.): Revival of names of protozoan endosymbionts and proposal of Holospora caryophila nom. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 140-141.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: According to Beier et al., Caedibacter taeniospiralis (the type species of the genus) is not closely related to ¤ Caedibacter caryophilus (80% 16S rRNA sequence similarity) but forms a novel evolutionary lineage within the ¤ Gammaproteobacteria with the family ¤ Francisellaceae as a sister group (87% 16S rRNA sequence similarity).
Reference: BEIER (C.L.), HORN (M.), MICHEL (R.), SCHWEIKERT (M.), GÖRTZ (H.D.) and WAGNER (M.): The genus Caedibacter comprises endosymbionts of Paramecium spp. related to the Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) and to Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 6043-6050.
Original article Online
Caedibacter varicaedens Quackenbush 1982, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 7 = ATCC 30637.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not found.
Etymology: L. adj. varius, different, diverse, various; L. v. caedo, to kill; N.L. part. adj. varicaedens, killing in different ways.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 8. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 266-268.
Effective publication: QUACKENBUSH (R.L.): Genetic relationships among bacterial endosymbionts of Paramecium aurelia. Deoxyribonucleotide sequence relationships among members of Caedobacter. J. Gen. Microbiol., 1978, 108, 181-187.
Validation List no. 8 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: ATCC 30637is a two member culture, a protozoa (Paramecium biaurelia) that carries a bacterial endosymbiont, Caedibacter varicaedens. However, the type strain is not available from the ATCC because the endosymbiont was lost.
Reference: BEIER (C.L.), HORN (M.), MICHEL (R.), SCHWEIKERT (M.), GÖRTZ (H.D.) and WAGNER (M.): The genus Caedibacter comprises endosymbionts of Paramecium spp. related to the Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) and to Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 6043-6050.
Original article Online