Genus Leuconostoc
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 25
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 8
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Leuconostoc van Tieghem 1878, genus. (Type genus of the family ¤ Leuconostocaceae Schleifer 2010).
Type species: ¤ Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Tsenkovskii 1878) van Tieghem 1878 (Approved Lists 1980).
Synonym: "Betacoccus" Orla-Jensen 1919.
Etymology: Gr. adj. leukos, clear, light; N.L. neut. n. Nostoc, algal generic name; N.L. neut. n. Leuconostoc, colorless nostoc.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: Van TIEGHEM (P.): Sur la gomme de sucrerie (Leuconostoc mesenteroides). Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique, 1878, 7, 180-203.
Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger et al. 1989, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CCUG 30058 = DSM 20188 = LMG 9824 = NCFB 2787.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: X53963.
Etymology: Gr. prep. a, not; N.L. neut. adj. melibiosum, pertaining to melibiose; N.L. neut. adj. amelibiosum, not fermenting melibiose.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 31. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 495-497.
Effective publication: SCHILLINGER (U.), HOLZAPFEL (W.) and KANDLER (O.): Nucleic acid hybridization studies on Leuconostoc and heterofermentative lactobacilli and description of Leuconostoc amelibiosum sp. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1989, 12, 48-55.
Validation List no. 31 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
→ ¤ Leuconostoc citreum Farrow et al. 1989.
Note: According to Takahashi et al. 1992, Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger et al. 1989 is a later heterotypic synonym of Leuconostoc citreum Farrow et al. 1989.
Reference: TAKAHASHI (M.), OKADA (S.), UCHIMURA (T.) and KOZAKI (M.): Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger, Holzapfel, and Kandler 1989 is a later subjective synonym of Leuconostoc citreum Farrow, Facklam, and Collins 1989. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1992, 42, 649-651.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc argentinum Dicks et al. 1993, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) LL76 = CCUG 38887 = CIP 103889 = DSM 8581 = JCM 11052.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF175403.
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. argentinum, pertaining to Argentina, where the bacterium was isolated.
Valid publication: DICKS (L.M.T.), FANTUZZI (L.), GONZALEZ (F.C.), DU TOIT (M.) and DELLAGLIO (F.): Leuconostoc argentinum sp. nov., isolated from argentine raw milk. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1993, 43, 347-351.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Leuconostoc lactis Garvie 1960 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: According to Vancanneyt et al. 2006, Leuconostoc argentinum Dicks et al. 1993 is a later heterotypic synonym of ¤ Leuconostoc lactis Garvie 1960 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: VANCANNEYT (M.), ZAMFIR (M.), DE WACHTER (M.), CLEENWERCK (I.), HOSTE (B.), ROSSI (F.), DELLAGLIO (F.), DE VUYST (L.) and SWINGS (J.): Reclassification of Leuconostoc argentinum as a later synonym of Leuconostoc lactis. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 213-216.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc carnosum Shaw and Harding 1989, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 49367= CCUG 30059 = CIP 103319 = DSM 5576 = JCM 9695 = LMG 11498 = NCIMB 12898 (formerly NCFB 2776) = SML40.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB022925.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. carnosum, pertaining to flesh.
Valid publication: SHAW (B.G.) and HARDING (C.D.): Leuconostoc gelidum sp. nov. and Leuconostoc carnosum sp. nov. from chill-stored meats. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 217-223.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc citreum Farrow et al. 1989, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 49370= CCUG 30060 = CIP 103315 = DSM 5577 = JCM 9698 = LMG 9849 = NCIMB 13121 (formerly NCFB 1837).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF111948.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. citreum, pertaining to the citron-tree, intended to mean lemon-colored.
Valid publication: FARROW (J.A.E.), FACKLAM (R.R.) and COLLINS (M.D.): Nucleic acid homologies of some vancomycin-resistant leuconostocs and description of Leuconostoc citreum sp. nov. and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 279-283.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: According to Takahashi et al. 1992, Leuconostoc citreum Farrow et al. 1989 is an earlier synonym of ¤ Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger et al. 1989.
Reference: TAKAHASHI (M.), OKADA (S.), UCHIMURA (T.) and KOZAKI (M.): Leuconostoc amelibiosum Schillinger, Holzapfel, and Kandler 1989 is a later subjective synonym of Leuconostoc citreum Farrow, Facklam, and Collins 1989. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1992, 42, 649-651.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen 1929) Garvie 1960, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19254= CCUG 21965 = CIP 103009 = DSM 20346 = JCM 16943 = LMG 6909 = NCIMB 12008 (formerly NCDO 543) = VKM B-1420.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023247.
Synonym: "Betacoccus cremoris (X form)" Knudsen and Sørensen 1929.
Etymology: L. n. cremor, the thick juice obtained from animal or vegetable substances, cream; L. gen. n. cremoris, of cream.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 KNUDSEN (S.) and SØRENSEN (A.): Beiträge zur Bakteriologie der Säurewecker. Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie Parasitenkunde Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Abteilung II, 1929, 79, 75-85. 2 GARVIE (E.I.): The genus Leuconostoc and its nomenclature. Journal of Dairy Research, 1960, 27, 283-292.
Note: On the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names and on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Amended Edition) this nomenclatural name is incorrectly cited as Leuconostoc cremoris (Kundsen (sic) and Sorenson (sic) 1929) Garvie 1960.
Reference: EUZÉBY (J.P.): Corrigenda to the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names and to the amended edition of the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1997, 47, 1271-1272.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen 1929) Garvie 1983, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc dextranicum (Beijerinck 1912) Hucker and Pederson 1930, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19255= CCUG 21966 = CCUG 30065 = CIP 102423 = DSM 20484 = JCM 9700 = LMG 6908 = NBRC 100495 = NCAIM B.01658 = NCIMB 12007 (formerly NCDO 529) = NRRL B-3469 = VKM B-1225.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023244.
Synonyms: "Lactococcus dextranicus" Beijerinck 1912, "Betacoccus bovis" Orla-Jensen 1919.
Etymology: L. n. dextranum, dextran; L. neut. suff. -icum, suffix used with the sense of pertaining to; N.L. neut. adj. dextranicum, pertaining to dextran.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 BEIJERINCK (M.W.): Mutation bei Mikroben. Folia Mikrobiologiya (Delft), 1912, 1, 4-100. 2 HUCKER (G.J.) and PEDERSON (C.S.): Studies on the Coccaceae. XVI. The genus Leuconostoc. New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 1930, 167, 3-80.
→ ¤ Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum (Beijerinck 1912) Garvie 1983, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc durionis Leisner et al. 2005, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) D-24 = LAB 1679 = CCUG 49949 = JCM 17831 = LMG 22556.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ780981.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. durionis, of Durio, the generic name of Durio zibenthinus, the durian fruit.
Valid publication: LEISNER (J.J.), VANCANNEYT (M.), VAN DER MEULEN (R.), LEFEBVRE (K.), ENGELBEEN (K.), HOSTE (B.), LAURSEN (B.G.), BAY (L.), RUSUL (G.), DE VUYST (L.) and SWINGS (J.): Leuconostoc durionis sp. nov., a heterofermenter with no detectable gas production from glucose. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2005, 55, 1267-1270.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Fructobacillus durionis (Leisner et al. 2005) Endo and Okada 2008, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc fallax Martinez-Murcia and Collins 1992, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 700006= CCUG 30061 = CIP 104855 = DSM 20189 = JCM 9694 = LMG 13177.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF360738.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. fallax, deceptive.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 40. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1992, 42, 191-192.
Effective publication: MARTINEZ-MURCIA (A.J.) and COLLINS (M.D.): A phylogenetic analysis of an atypical leuconostoc: description of Leuconostoc fallax sp. nov. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 1991, 82, 55-60.
Validation List no. 40 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Leuconostoc ficulneum Antunes et al. 2002, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) FS-1 = DSM 13613 = JCM 12225 = NRRL B-23447.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF360736.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. ficulneum, pertaining to figs and fig trees.
Valid publication: ANTUNES (A.), RAINEY (F.A.), NOBRE (M.F.), SCHUMANN (P.), FERREIRA (A.M.), RAMOS (A.), SANTOS (H.) and DA COSTA (M.S.): Leuconostoc ficulneum sp. nov., a novel lactic acid bacterium isolated from a ripe fig, and reclassification of Lactobacillus fructosus as Leuconostoc fructosum comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2002, 52, 647-655.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Fructobacillus ficulneus (Antunes et al. 2002) Endo and Okada 2008, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc fructosum (Kodama 1956) Antunes et al. 2002, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 13162= CCUG 32246 = CIP 102985 = DSM 20349 = IFO (now NBRC) 3516 = JCM 1119 = LMG 9498 = NCIB (now NCIMB) 10784 = NRIC 1058 = NRRL B-2041.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF360737.
Basonym: ¤ Lactobacillus fructosus Kodama 1956 (Approved Lists 1980).
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. fructosum, pertaining to fructose.
Valid publication: ANTUNES (A.), RAINEY (F.A.), NOBRE (M.F.), SCHUMANN (P.), FERREIRA (A.M.), RAMOS (A.), SANTOS (H.) and DA COSTA (M.S.): Leuconostoc ficulneum sp. nov., a novel lactic acid bacterium isolated from a ripe fig, and reclassification of Lactobacillus fructosus as Leuconostoc fructosum comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2002, 52, 647-655.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Fructobacillus fructosus (Kodama 1956) Endo and Okada 2008, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc gasicomitatum Björkroth et al. 2001, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) TB 1-10 = CCUG 46042 = CECT 5767 = JCM 12535 = LMG 18811.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: FN822744 (complete genome).
Etymology: N.L. neut. n. gasum, gas; L. part. adj. comitatum, accompanied; N.L. neut. neut. part. adj. gasicomitatum, accompanied by gas, referring to the association with gaseous spoilage.
References: Validation List no. 79. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2001, 51, 263-265. [BJÖRKROTH (K.J.), GEISEN (R.), SCHILLINGER (U.), WEISS (N.), DE VOS (P.), HOLZAPFEL (W.H.), KORKEALA (H.J.) and VANDAMME (P.): Characterization of Leuconostoc gasicomitatum sp. nov., associated with spoiled raw tomato-marinated broiler meat strips packaged under modified-atmosphere conditions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2000, 66, 3764-3772.]
Validation List no. 79 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: According to Rules 27(3) and 30, this name is not validly published, because the original publication makes reference to the deposit of the type strain in a single recognized culture collection. However, according to the Judicial Opinion 81, Leuconostoc gasicomitatum Björkroth et al. 2001 is considered to be validly published, since deposit in a second culture collection in a different country has been documented.
References:
1 EUZÉBY (J.P.) and TINDALL (B.J.): Status of strains that contravene Rules 27(3) and 30 of the Bacteriological Code. Request for an Opinion. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2004, 54, 293-301.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 JUDICIAL COMMISSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON SYSTEMATICS OF PROKARYOTES: Status of strains that contravene Rules 27 (3) and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Opinion 81. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 1755-1763.
Opinion 81 in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc gelidum Shaw and Harding 1989, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) SML9 = ATCC 49366= CCUG 30198 = CCUG 32249 = CCUG 32696 = CIP 103318 = DSM 5578 = JCM 9697 = LMG 18297 = NCIMB 12897 (formerly NCFB 2775).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF175402.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. gelidum, icy cold, very cold (referring to the ability to grow on chill-stored meat).
Valid publication: SHAW (B.G.) and HARDING (C.D.): Leuconostoc gelidum sp. nov. and Leuconostoc carnosum sp. nov. from chill-stored meats. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 217-223.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. aenigmaticum Rahkila et al. 2014, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) POUF4d=LMG 27840=DSM 19375.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KF577569.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: N/A.
Etymology: Gr. n. ainigma, riddle; N.L. neut. adj. aenigmaticum, enigmatic, as its role in spoilage of packaged meat is unclear.
Source: Food.
Valid publication: RAHKILA, R., DE BRUYNE, K., JOHANSSON, P., VANDAMME, P. and BJÖRKROTH, J. 2014. Reclassification of Leuconostoc gasicomitatum as Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum comb. nov., description of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. aenigmaticum subsp. nov., designation of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum subsp. nov. and emended description of Leuconostoc gelidum. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 64, 1290-1295.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum Rahkila et al. 2014, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) LMG 18811=DSM 15947.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: FN822744.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: N/A.
Etymology: N.L. neut. n. gasum, gas; L. part. adj. comitatum, accompanied; N.L. neut. neut. part. adj. gasicomitatum, accompanied by gas.
Source: Food.
Valid publication: RAHKILA, R., DE BRUYNE, K., JOHANSSON, P., VANDAMME, P. and BJÖRKROTH, J. 2014. Reclassification of Leuconostoc gasicomitatum as Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum comb. nov., description of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. aenigmaticum subsp. nov., designation of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum subsp. nov. and emended description of Leuconostoc gelidum. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 64, 1290-1295.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum Rahkila et al. 2014, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) NCIMB 12897=DSM 5578.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF175402.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: N/A.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. gelidum, icy cold, very cold (referring to the ability to grow on chill-stored meat).
Source: Food.
Valid publication: RAHKILA, R., DE BRUYNE, K., JOHANSSON, P., VANDAMME, P. and BJÖRKROTH, J. 2014. Reclassification of Leuconostoc gasicomitatum as Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum comb. nov., description of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. aenigmaticum subsp. nov., designation of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum subsp. nov. and emended description of Leuconostoc gelidum. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 64, 1290-1295.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc holzapfelii De Bruyne et al. 2007, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CCUG 54536 = JCM 16942 = LMG 23990.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AM600682.
Etymology: N.L. gen. masc. n. holzapfelii, of Holzapfel, in honour of Professor Dr W. H. Holzapfel, in recognition of his outstanding work in the area of lactic acid bacterium taxonomy and physiology.
Valid publication: DE BRUYNE (K.), SCHILLINGER (U.), CAROLINE (L.), BOEHRINGER (B.), CLEENWERCK (I.), VANCANNEYT (M.), DE VUYST (L.), FRANZ (C.M.A.P.) and VANDAMME (P.): Leuconostoc holzapfelii sp. nov., isolated from Ethiopian coffee fermentation and assessment of sequence analysis of housekeeping genes for delineation of Leuconostoc species. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2007, 57, 2952-2959.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc inhae Kim et al. 2003, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) IH003 = DSM 15101 = JCM 17833 = KCTC 3774.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF439560.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. inhae, of Inha, from the Inha University, Republic of Korea.
Valid publication: KIM (B.), LEE (J.), JANG (J.), KIM (J.) and HAN (H.): Leuconostoc inhae sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from kimchi. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2003, 53, 1123-1126.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc kimchii Kim et al. 2000, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) IH25 = IMSNU 11154 = KCTC 2386.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF173986.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. kimchii, of kimchi, a traditional Korean food made by fermentation of Chinese cabbage.
Valid publication: KIM (J.), CHUN (J.) and HAN (H.U.): Leuconostoc kimchii sp. nov., a new species from kimchi. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2000, 50, 1915-1919.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: Neither the type strain KCTC 2386 nor the name Leuconostoc kimchii appear in the KCTC Online catalogue. According to Dr. Akihito Endo (NODAI Culture Collection Centre, Tokyo University of Agriculture), the culture collection accession number KCTC 2386 appears to refer to a number issued for patent purposes.
Reference: ENDO (A.): Personal communication (January 19, 2007).
Leuconostoc lactis Garvie 1960, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19256= CCUG 30064 = CIP 102422 = DSM 20202 = HAMBI 2346 = JCM 6123 = LMG 8894 = NCIMB 13091 (formerly NCFB 533) = NRRL B-3468.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023968.
Etymology: L. gen. n. lactis, of milk.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: GARVIE (E.I.): The genus Leuconostoc and its nomenclature. Journal of Dairy Research, 1960, 27, 283-292.
Note: According to Vancanneyt et al. 2006, Leuconostoc lactis Garvie 1960 (Approved Lists 1980) is an earlier heterotypic synonym of ¤ Leuconostoc argentinum Dicks et al. 1993.
Reference: VANCANNEYT (M.), ZAMFIR (M.), DE WACHTER (M.), CLEENWERCK (I.), HOSTE (B.), ROSSI (F.), DELLAGLIO (F.), DE VUYST (L.) and SWINGS (J.): Reclassification of Leuconostoc argentinum as a later synonym of Leuconostoc lactis. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 213-216.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Tsenkovskii 1878) van Tieghem 1878, species. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 12954 = ATCC 8293= CCUG 30066 = CIP 102305 = DSM 20343 = HAMBI 2347 = JCM 6124 = LMG 6893 = NBRC 100496 = NRRL B-1118 = NRRL B-3470 = VKM B-1601.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: CP000414.
Synonyms: "Ascococcus mesenteroides" Tsenkovskii 1878, "Betacoccus arabinosaceus" Orla-Jensen 1919.
Etymology: Gr. n. mesenterion, the mesentery; L. suff. -oides (from Gr. suff. eides, from Gr. n. eidos, that which is seen, form, shape, figure), ressembling, similar; N.L. neut. adj. mesenteroides, mesentery-like.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 TSENKOVSKII (L.): Gel formation of sugar beet solutions (trans. title, orig. Russian). Proceedings of the Society of Natural Sciences of the Imperial University of Kharkov, 1878, 12, 137-167. 2 Van TIEGHEM (P.): Sur la gomme de sucrerie (Leuconostoc mesenteroides). Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique, 1878, 7, 180-203.
Note: Subsequently, this species has been divided into subspecies (see: below).
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen 1929) Garvie 1983, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19254= CCUG 21965 = CIP 103009 = DSM 20346 = JCM 16943 = LMG 6909 = NCIMB 12008 (formerly NCDO 543) = NRRL B-3252 = VKM B-1420.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023247.
Basonym: ¤ Leuconostoc cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen 1929) Garvie 1960 (Approved Lists 1980).
Other synonym: "Betacoccus cremoris (X form)" Knudsen and Sørensen 1929.
Etymology: L. n. cremor, the thick juice obtained from animal or vegetable substances, cream; L. gen. n. cremoris, of cream.
Valid publication: GARVIE (E.I.): Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen) comb. nov. and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum (Beijerinck) comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 118-119.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum (Beijerinck 1912) Garvie 1983, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19255= CCUG 21966 = CCUG 30065 = CIP 102423 = DSM 20484 = JCM 9700 = LMG 6908 = NBRC 100495 = NCAIM B.01658 = NCIMB 12007 (formerly NCDO 529) = NRRL B-3469 = VKM B-1225.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023244.
Basonym: ¤ Leuconostoc dextranicum (Beijerinck 1912) Hucker and Pederson 1930 (Approved Lists 1980).
Etymology: L. n. dextranum, dextran; L. neut. suff. -icum, suffix used with the sense of pertaining to; N.L. neut. adj. dextranicum, pertaining to dextran.
Other synonyms: "Lactococcus dextranicus" Beijerinck 1912, "Betacoccus bovis" Orla-Jensen 1919.
Reference: GARVIE (E.I.): Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen) comb. nov. and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum (Beijerinck) comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 118-119.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. jonggajibkimchii Jeon et al. 2017, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) DRC1506=KCCM 43249=JCM 31787.
Sequence accession no. (complete genome) for the type strain: CP014611.
Whole-genome sequence accession no.: CP014611.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. jonggajibkimchii, of jonggajibkimchi, a commercial kimchi produced by Daesang in the Republic of Korea.
Source: Food and drink.
Valid publication: JEON, H. H., KIM, K. H., CHUN, B. H., RYU, B. H., HAN, N. S. and JEON, C. O. 2017. A proposal of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. jonggajibkimchii subsp. nov. and reclassification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. suionicum (Gu et al., 2012) as Leuconostoc suionicum sp. nov. based on complete genome sequences. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67, 2225-2230.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (Tsenkovskii 1878) Garvie 1983, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 12954 = ATCC 8293= CCUG 30066 = CIP 102305 = DSM 20343 = HAMBI 2347 = JCM 6124 = LMG 6893 = NBRC 100496 = NRRL B-1118 = NRRL B-3470 = VKM B-1601.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: CP000414.
Etymology: Gr. n. mesenterion, the mesentery; L. suff. -oides (from Gr. suff. eides, from Gr. n. eidos, that which is seen, form, shape, figure), ressembling, similar; N.L. neut. adj. mesenteroides, mesentery-like.
Valid publication: GARVIE (E.I.): Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen) comb. nov. and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum (Beijerinck) comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 118-119.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Notes:
1 The original authorship, (Tsenkovskii 1878) van Tieghem 1878, was corrected according to the new Rule 40d.
Reference: GARRITY (G.M.), LABEDA (D.P.) and OREN (A.): Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. XIIth International (IUMS) Congress of Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology. Minutes of the meetings, 3, 4 and 6 August 2008, Istanbul, Turkey. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 2775-2780.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 The subspecies name Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (Tsenkovskii 1878) Garvie 1983 is automatically created by the valid publication of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris (Knudsen and Sørensen 1929) Garvie 1983 and the valid publication of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum (Beijerinck 1912) Garvie 1983 [Rule 40d (formerly Rule 46)].
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. suionicum Gu et al. 2012, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 9135= DSM 20241 = LMG 8159 = NCIMB 6992.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: HM443957.
Etymology: L. n. Suioni, according to Tacitus, the people who live in Scandinavia; L. neut. suffix -icum, belonging to; N.L. neut. adj. suionicum, belonging to (or coming from) Sweden.
Valid publication: GU (C.T.), WANG (F.), LI (C.Y.), LIU (F.) and HUO (G.C.): Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. suionicum subsp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2012, 62, 1548-1551.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc miyukkimchii Lee et al. 2012, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) M2 = JCM 17445 = KACC 15353.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: HQ263024.
Etymology: N.L. n. miyukkimchium, miyukkimchi, a regional kimchi made of a brown algae (Undaria pinnatifida); N.L. gen. n. miyukkimchii, of miyukkimchi.
Valid publication: LEE (S.H.), PARK (M.S.), JUNG (J.Y.) and JEON (C.O.): Leuconostoc miyukkimchii sp. nov., isolated from brown algae (Undaria pinnatifida) kimchi. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2012, 62, 1098-1103.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc oeni corrig. Garvie 1967, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 23279= CCUG 30199 = CCUG 32250 = CIP 106144 = DSM 20252 = JCM 6125 = LMG 9851 = NBRC 100497 = NCIMB 11648 (formerly NCDO 1674) = NRRL B-3472.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB022924.
Etymology: Gr. n. oinos, wine; N.L. gen. n. oeni, of wine.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: GARVIE (E.I.): Leuconostoc oenos sp. nov. Journal of General Microbiology, 1967, 48, 431-438.
Note: The original spelling, Leuconostoc oenos (sic) has been corrected by Dicks et al. 1995.
Reference: DICKS (L.M.T.), DELLAGLIO (F.) and COLLINS (M.D.): Proposal to reclassify Leuconostoc oenos as Oenococcus oeni [corrig.] gen. nov., comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1995, 45, 395-397.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Oenococcus oeni (Garvie 1967) Dicks et al. 1995, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc palmae Ehrmann et al. 2009, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) TMW 2.694 = DSM 21144 = JCM 16944 = LMG 24510.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AM940225.
Etymology: L. gen. n. palmae, of a palm tree.
Valid publication: EHRMANN (M.A.), FREIDING (S.) and VOGEL (R.F.): Leuconostoc palmae sp. nov., a novel lactic acid bacterium isolated from palm wine. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2009, 59, 943-947.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc paramesenteroides Garvie 1967, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 33313= CCUG 30068 = CIP 102421 = DSM 20288 = JCM 9890 = LMG 9852 = NCIMB 13092 (formerly NCFB 803) = NRIC 1542 = NRRL B-1186 = NRRL B-3471.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023238.
Etymology: Gr. prep. para, beside; N.L. neut. adj. mesenteroides, a specific epithet; N.L. neut. adj. paramesenteroides, beside Leuconostoc mesenteroides.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: GARVIE (E.I.): The growth factor and amino acid requirements of species of the genus Leuconostoc including Leuconostoc paramesenteroides sp. nov. and Leuconostoc oenos. Journal of General Microbiology, 1967, 48, 439-447.
→ ¤ Weissella paramesenteroides (Garvie 1967) Collins et al. 1994, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc pseudoficulneum Chambel et al. 2006, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) LC-51 = CECT 5759 = DSM 15468 = JCM 17832.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AY169967.
Etymology: Gr. adj. pseudês, false; L. neut. adj. ficulneum, of the fig-tree and also a bacterial specific epithet; N.L. neut. adj. pseudoficulneum, not the true (Leuconostoc) ficulneum.
Valid publication: CHAMBEL (L.), CHELO (I.M.), ZÉ-ZÉ (L.), PEDRO (L.G.), SANTOS (M.A.) and TENREIRO (R.): Leuconostoc pseudoficulneum sp. nov., isolated from a ripe fig. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 1375-1381.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Fructobacillus pseudoficulneus (Chambel et al. 2006) Endo and Okada 2008, comb. nov.
Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides Farrow et al. 1989, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 12291= CCUG 30063 = CIP 103316 = DSM 20193 = JCM 9696 = LMG 11482 = NCCB 83005 = NCIMB 8699 (formerly NCDO 768).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023237.
Etymology: Gr. adj. pseudês, false; N.L. neut. adj. mesenteroides, a specific epithet; N.L. neut. adj. pseudomesenteroides, false Leuconostoc mesenteroides.
Valid publication: FARROW (J.A.E.), FACKLAM (R.R.) and COLLINS (M.D.): Nucleic acid homologies of some vancomycin-resistant leuconostocs and description of Leuconostoc citreum sp. nov. and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 279-283.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc rapi Lyhs et al. 2015, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) LMG 27676=R-50029=MHB 277=DSM 27776.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: HG515542.
Etymology: L. gen. n. rapi, of a turnip, refering to rutabaga, a turnip-like vegetable.
Source: Food.
Valid publication: LYHS, U., SNAUWAERT, I., PIHLAJAVIITA, S., VUYST, L. D. and VANDAMME, P. 2015. Leuconostoc rapi sp. nov., isolated from sous-vide-cooked rutabaga. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 65, 2586-2590.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Leuconostoc suionicum Jeon et al. 2017, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) DSM 20241=ATCC 9135=LMG 8159=NCIMB 6992.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: CP015247.
Whole-genome sequence accession no.: CP015247.
Etymology: L. n. Suioni, according to Tacitus, the people who live in Scandinavia; L. neut. suff. -icum, belonging to; N.L. neut. adj. suionicum, belonging to (or coming from) Sweden.
Source: Human.
Valid publication: JEON, H. H., KIM, K. H., CHUN, B. H., RYU, B. H., HAN, N. S. and JEON, C. O. 2017. A proposal of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. jonggajibkimchii subsp. nov. and reclassification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. suionicum (Gu et al., 2012) as Leuconostoc suionicum sp. nov. based on complete genome sequences. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67, 2225-2230.
Original article in IJSEM Online