Name: Betaproteobacteria Garrity et al. 2006

Category: Class

Proposed as: class. nov.

Etymology: Be.ta.pro.te.o.bac.te’ri.a. Gr. neut. n. bêta, name of the second letter of Greek alphabet (indeclinable); Gr. masc. n. Prôteus, Greek god of the sea, capable of assuming many different shapes; N.L. masc. n. bacter, a rod; L. neut. pl. n. suff. -ia, ending to denote a class; N.L. neut. pl. n. Betaproteobacteria, a class of bacteria included in the phylum Proteobacteria and having 16S rRNA gene sequences related to those of the members of the order Spirillales

Gender: neuter

Type genus: Burkholderia Yabuuchi et al. 1993

Effective publication: Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T. Class II. Betaproteobacteria class. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 575.

IJSEM list: Euzeby JP. Validation list no. 107. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:1-6.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Emendations:
  • Boden et al. 2017 Boden R, Hutt LP, Rae AW. Reclassification of Thiobacillus aquaesulis (Wood & Kelly, 1995) as Annwoodia aquaesulis gen. nov., comb. nov., transfer of Thiobacillus (Beijerinck, 1904) from the Hydrogenophilales to the Nitrosomonadales, proposal of Hydrogenophilalia class. nov. within the 'Proteobacteria', and four new families within the orders Nitrosomonadales and Rhodocyclales. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:1191-1205. Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 67, part 5 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:2495-2498.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 4 orders in the class.
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 1 order from the class.

• Notes:
  • 🧕 Brenner et al. (2005) assigned this class to the phylum "Proteobacteria" Garrity et al. 2005. Publication: Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T. Class III. Gammaproteobacteria class. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part B (The Gammaproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 1.
  • 🧕 Cavalier-Smith (2006) assigned this class to the subphylum "Rhodobacteria" (Cavalier-Smith 1987) Cavalier-Smith 1998. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. Rooting the tree of life by transition analyses. Biol Direct 2006; 1:19.
  • 🧒 Boden et al. (2017) assigned the order Nitrosomonadales Garrity et al. 2006 to this class. Publication: Boden R, Hutt LP, Rae AW. Reclassification of Thiobacillus aquaesulis (Wood & Kelly, 1995) as Annwoodia aquaesulis gen. nov., comb. nov., transfer of Thiobacillus (Beijerinck, 1904) from the Hydrogenophilales to the Nitrosomonadales, proposal of Hydrogenophilalia class. nov. within the 'Proteobacteria', and four new families within the orders Nitrosomonadales and Rhodocyclales. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:1191-1205.
  • 🧒 Brenner et al. (2005) assigned the order Hydrogenophilales Garrity et al. 2006 to this class. Publication: Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T. Class II. Betaproteobacteria class. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 575.
  • 🧒 Brenner et al. (2005) assigned the order Methylophilales Garrity et al. 2006 to this class. Publication: Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T. Class II. Betaproteobacteria class. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 575.
  • 🧒 Brenner et al. (2005) assigned the order Nitrosomonadales Garrity et al. 2006 to this class. Publication: Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T. Class II. Betaproteobacteria class. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 575.
  • 🧒 Brenner et al. (2005) assigned the order "Candidatus Procabacteriales" Garrity et al. 2003 to this class. Publication: Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T. Class II. Betaproteobacteria class. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, p. 575.
  • 🧒 Johnson et al. (2014) assigned the genus "Ferrovum" to this class. Publication: Johnson DB, Hallberg KB, Hedrich S. Uncovering a microbial enigma: isolation and characterization of the streamer-generating, iron-oxidizing, acidophilic bacterium "Ferrovum myxofaciens". Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:672-680.
  • 🧒 Kojima et al. (2017) assigned the genus Sulfuritortus Kojima et al. 2017 to this class. Publication: Kojima H, Watanabe M, Fukui M. Sulfuritortus calidifontis gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfur oxidizer isolated from a hot spring microbial mat. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:1355-1358.
  • 🧒 Morotomi et al. (2011) assigned the family Sutterellaceae Morotomi et al. 2011 to this class. Publication: Morotomi M, Nagai F, Watanabe Y. Parasutterella secunda sp. nov., isolated from human faeces and proposal of Sutterellaceae fam. nov. in the order Burkholderiales. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:637-643.
  • 🧒 Vannini et al. (2013) assigned the genus "Candidatus Protistibacter" corrig. Vannini et al. 2013 to this class. Publication: Vannini C, Ferrantini F, Verni F, Petroni G. A new obligate bacterial symbiont colonizing the ciliate Euplotes in brackish and freshwater: ‘Candidatus Protistobacter heckmanni’. Aquat Microb Ecol 2013; 70:233-243.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Bctaproreobacteria"; "Betaetaproteobacteria"; "Betaprobacteria"; "Betaprotebacteria"; "Betaproteobacte"; "Betaprotobacteria"; "Betaroproteobacteria"; "Betproteobacteria"; "Ihltaproteobacteria".
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 927; CCUG: 482; JCM: 435; ATCC: 381; KCTC: 332; CIP: 309; NBRC: 286; NCTC: 99; CGMCC: 93; BCRC: 91.
  • 🧍 Irregularly formed name (not formed from the stem of the name of the nomenclatural type). Publication: Oren A, Arahal DR, Goker M, Moore ERB, Rossello-Mora R, Sutcliffe IC. International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic Code (2022 Revision). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:5585.
  • 🧍 Nomenclatural type changed from Burkholderiales Garrity et al. 2006 based on new Rule 22. Publication: Oren A. Emendation of Rules 8, 15, 22, 25a, 30(3)(b), 30(4), 34a, and Appendix 7 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6070.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Publication: Oren A, Parte A, Garrity GM. Implementation of Rule 8 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes for the renaming of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:4296-4298.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Rule 8 of the 2022 revision of the ICNP does not require that the name of a class validly published before 1 January 2012 be formed from the stem of the name of the type genus of the type order of the class plus the ending ia. This class name is orthographically correct (nominative plural noun, not formed from the name of the nomenclatural type). Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 4
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 7
Total number of child taxa: 12

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    [Betaproteobacteria, not assigned to order]	artificial parent node of taxa incertae sedis
    Burkholderiales Garrity et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Ferritrophicales" Weiss et al. 2007	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    "Ferrovales" Johnson et al. 2014	not validly published	preferred name (not correct name)
    Methylophilales Garrity et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Neisseriales Tønjum 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Nitrosomonadales Garrity et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    "Candidatus Procabacteriales" Garrity et al. 2003	inaccurate spelling	misspelling (and no pro-standing)
    "Candidatus Procaibacterales" corrig. Garrity et al. 2003	not validly published	preferred name (not pro-correct name)
    Rhodocyclales Garrity et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Spirillales Prévot 1940 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Sulfuricellales Watanabe et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Pseudomonadota Garrity et al. 2021

Assigned by: Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:5056.

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Record number: 17