Name: Providencia Ewing 1962 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Pro.vi.denc’i.a. N.L. fem. n. Providencia, named after the city of Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A.

Gender: feminine (stem: Providenci-)

Type species: Providencia alcalifaciens (de Salles Gomes 1944) Ewing 1962 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Ewing WH. The Tribe Proteae: its nomenclature and taxonomy. International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 1962; 12:93-102.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Rettgerella" Kauffmann 1953	heterotypic synonym, not validly published

• Notes:
  • 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this genus to the family Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Bacillus Cohn 1872 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Ornstein M. Zur Bakteriologie des Schmitz-bacillus. Zeitschrift für Hygiene 1920; 91:152-178.
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Proteus Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Shaw C, Clarke PH. Biochemical classification of Proteus and Providence cultures. J Gen Microbiol 1955; 13:155-161.
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus "Eberthella" Buchanan 1918. Publication: De Salles Gomes L. Sobre uma nova especie do genero Eberthella Buchanan de fezes pathologicas de crianca, Eberthella acalifaciens (n. sp.). Revista do Instituto Adolfo Lutz 1944; 14:182-195.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Porvidencia"; "Profidencia"; "Proidencia"; "Prooidencia"; "Prouidencia"; "Provaidenica"; "Providenciaa"; "Providensia"; "Providentia"; "Provzdencza".
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Dong et al. (2024), Mueller et al. (1986). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🧬 The phylogenomic assignment score of this taxon is 0.02992 (N = 3).
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 9; CCTCC: 9; ATCC: 7; NBRC: 7; NCTC: 6; CIP: 6; CCUG: 5; KCTC: 4; JCM: 3; LMG: 2.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "default: 2 Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2; alcalifaciens/stuartii: 2 Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2". — The risk group for France has been imported on 2024-08-30. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Sweden has been imported on 2024-02-05. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — The risk group for Taiwan has been imported on 2024-11-03. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "P650 = v". — The risk group for United Kingdom has been imported on 2024-01-31. The full classification is: risk group = 2. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🧍 Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "PRVD" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
  • 🧍 See also Rauss (1962). Publication: Rauss K. A proposal for the nomenclature and classification of the Proteus and Providencia groups. International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 1962; 12:53-64.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 15
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 16
Total number of child taxa: 24

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Providencia alcalifaciens (de Salles Gomes 1944) Ewing 1962 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia burhodogranariea Juneja and Lazzaro 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Providencia entomophila" Ksentini et al. 2019	not validly published	preferred name
    Providencia friedericiana Müller 1983	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Providencia hangzhouensis" Dong et al. 2024	not validly published	synonym
    Providencia hangzhouensis Dong et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia heimbachae Müller et al. 1986	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia huashanensis Yang et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia huaxiensis Hu et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Providencia lanzhouensis" Xiang et al. 2025	not validly published	preferred name
    Providencia manganoxydans Li et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Providencia pseudovermicola" Hamed et al. 2025	not validly published	preferred name
    Providencia rettgeri (Hadley et al. 1918) Brenner et al. 1978 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia rustigianii Hickman-Brenner et al. 1983	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Candidatus Providencia siddallii" Manzano-Marin et al. 2015	not validly published	preferred name
    Providencia sneebia Juneja and Lazzaro 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia stuartii (Buttiaux et al. 1954) Ewing 1962 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia thailandensis Khunthongpan et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Providencia vermicola Somvanshi et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Providencia wenzhouensis" Zhou et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name
    Providencia xianensis Dong et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Providencia xihuensis" Dong et al. 2025	not validly published	preferred name
    "Providencia zhejiangensis" Dong et al. 2025	not validly published	preferred name
    Providencia zhijiangensis Dong et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Morganellaceae Adeolu et al. 2016

Assigned by: Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov., Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:5575-5599.

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Record number: 516408