Name: Proteus Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Gr. masc. n. Prôteus, an ocean god able to change himself into different shapes

Gender: masculine (stem: Prote-)

Type species: Proteus vulgaris Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Hauser G. Über Fäulnissbakterien und deren Beziehungen zur Septicämie. Ein Beitrag zur Morphologie der Spaltpilze. Vogel, Leipzig, 1885.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Emendations:
  • Hyun et al. 2016 Hyun DW, Jung MJ, Kim MS, Shin NR, Kim PS, Whon TW, Bae JW. Proteus cibarius sp. nov., a swarming bacterium from Jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood, and emended description of the genus Proteus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:2158-2164. Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 66, part 6 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:3765-3767.
    Notes:
    • Emendation accompanied by the proposal of 1 new species in the genus.
    • The terminology used by the authors is in line with many other taxonomic studies and does not negatively affect their main results; some improvements may nevertheless be possible. Contrasting the term "chemotaxonomic" with "phenotypic" is not recommended. Whether taxa can have "members" is debatable. See the LPSN phylogeny page for details.

• Notes:
  • Nomenclatural type of the tribe Proteeae Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Castellani A, Chalmers AJ. Manual of tropical medicine, 3rd ed. Williams, Wood and Co., New York, 1919.
  • Boone et al. (2001) assigned this genus to the family Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • Breed et al. (1948) assigned this genus to the tribe "Proteae". Publication: Burkholder WH. Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula. Bacterial plant pathogens. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 82-150.
  • Castellani and Chalmers (1919) assigned this genus to the tribe Proteeae Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Castellani A, Chalmers AJ. Manual of tropical medicine, 3rd ed. Williams, Wood and Co., New York, 1919.
  • Cavalier-Smith (1981) assigned this genus to the subkingdom "Eubacteria" Cavalier-Smith 1981. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine? Biosystems 1981; 14:461-481.
  • Winslow et al. (1920) assigned this genus to the tribe "Bactereae". Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • This taxon name is occasionally misprinted in some sources as: "Pioteus"; "Proeus"; "Proleus"; "Protaus"; "Protcus"; "Proteiis"; "Proteue"; "Proteuis"; "Protous"; "Prouteus"; "Pruteus"; "Pvoteus".
  • Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Dai et al. (2019). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 14; CCUG: 10; ATCC: 10; CIP: 9; JCM: 7; NCTC: 7; LMG: 7; CGMCC: 2; NCCB: 1; NBRC: 1.
  • Proteus Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980) is a later homonym of a genus name with standing in the zoological (animal) nomenclature: Proteus Laurenti, 1768. Principle 2 of the 2008 Code is not retroactive, so the name does not contravene the Code because of this homonymy. — Crook M. Personal communication, 2021-08-19.
  • Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "PROT" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.
  • See also Rauss (1962). Publication: Rauss K. A proposal for the nomenclature and classification of the Proteus and Providencia groups. International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 1962; 12:53-64.
  • This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605.
  • This name was treated in Judicial Opinion 26. Publication: Judicial Commission. Judicial Opinion No. 26. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1963; 13:35-36.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 9
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 14
Total number of child taxa: 15

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Proteus alimentorum Dai et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus cibarius Hyun et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Proteus cibi Dai et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus columbae Dai et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus faecis Dai et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus hauseri O'Hara et al. 2000	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus inconstans (Ornstein 1920) Shaw and Clarke 1955 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Proteus mirabilis Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus morganii (Winslow et al. 1919) Yale 1939 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Proteus myxofaciens Cosenza and Podgwaite 1966 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Proteus penneri Hickman et al. 1983	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus rettgeri (Hadley et al. 1918) Rustigian and Stuart 1943 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Proteus stuartii" Buttiaux et al. 1954	not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Proteus terrae Behrendt et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Proteus vulgaris Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Morganellaceae Adeolu et al. 2016

Assigned by: Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov., Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:5575-5599.

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Record number: 516404