Genus Caulobacter
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 19
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Caulobacter Henrici and Johnson 1935, genus. (Type genus of the order ¤ Caulobacterales Henrici and Johnson 1935 [Approved Lists 1980]; type genus of the suborder ¤ Caulobacterineae Breed et al. 1944 [Approved Lists 1980]; type genus of the family ¤ Caulobacteraceae Henrici and Johnson 1935 [Approved Lists 1980]).
Type species: ¤ Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980).
Etymology: L. n. caulis, stalk; N.L. masc. bacter, rod; N.L. masc. n. Caulobacter, stalk(ed) rod.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: HENRICI (A.T.) and JOHNSON (D.): Studies of Fresh water Bacteria. II. Stalked Bacteria, a new order of Schizomycetes. Journal of Bacteriology, 1935, 30, 61-92.
Note: The genus Caulobacter is polyphyletic and only one of the lineages of Caulobacter species can retain the generic name. Under Rules 39a and 39b, the generic name must be retained for the genus that includes the type species. The lack of a type culture for the type species (¤ Caulobacter vibrioides) complicates the decision.
Reference: SLY (L.I.), COX (T.L.) and BECKENHAM (T.B.): The phylogenetic relationships of Caulobacter, Asticcacaulis and Brevundimonas species and their taxonomic implications. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 483-488.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ Caulobacter Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Abraham et al. 1999.
Reference: ABRAHAM (W.R.), STRÖMPL (C.), MEYER (H.), LINDHOLST (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), CHRIST (R.), VANCANNEYT (M.), TINDALL (B.J.), BENNASAR (A.), SMIT (J.) and TESAR (M.): Phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of Caulobacter species. Proposal of Maricaulis gen. nov. with Maricaulis maris (Poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1053-1073.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter bacteroides Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CB7 = ATCC 15254= CIP 101031 = DSM 4726 = LMG 15096 = VKM B-1500.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227782.
Etymology: N.L. n. bacter, a rod; L. suff. -oides (from Gr. suff. -eides, from Gr. n. eidos, that which is seen, form, shape, figure), ressembling, similar; N.L. masc. adj. bacteroides, rod-shaped.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
→ ¤ Brevundimonas bacteroides (Poindexter 1964) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Caulobacter crescentus Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Stove CB2 = ATCC 15252= DSM 4727 = VKM B-1493.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF125194.
Etymology: N.L. adj. crescentus (from L. part. adj.crescens, arising, becoming visible, appearing), of the moon in its first quarter, crescent.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
→ ¤ Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note:
According to Abraham et al. 1999, Caulobacter crescentus Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) is a later heterotypic synonym of ¤ Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980).
Moore et al. (1978) [1] reported the DNA-DNA homology between the type strain Caulobacter vibrioides CB51 and the type strain Caulobacter crescentus CB2 to be 97%, but they did not formally propose Caulobacter crescentus to be synonymous with Caulobacter vibrioides.
Caulobacter crescentus could not be discerned clearly from Caulobacter vibrioides by a polyphasic approach [2] and, Abraham et al. (1999) formally propose that Caulobacter crescentus Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) is a later heterotypic synonym of Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980) [2].
References:
1 MOORE (R.L.), SCHMIDT (J.) POINDEXTER (J.) and STALEY (J.T.): Deoxyribonucleic acid homology among the caulobacters. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1978, 28, 349-353.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 ABRAHAM (W.R.), STRÖMPL (C.), MEYER (H.), LINDHOLST (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), CHRIST (R.), VANCANNEYT (M.), TINDALL (B.J.), BENNASAR (A.), SMIT (J.) and TESAR (M.): Phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of Caulobacter species. Proposal of Maricaulis gen. nov. with Maricaulis maris (Poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1053-1073.
Original article by Abraham et al. in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter daechungensis Jin et al. 2013, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) H-E3-2=KCTC 32211=JCM 18689.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: JX861096.
Etymology: N.L. masc. adj. daechungensis, pertaining to Daechung Reservoir, from where the type strain was isolated.
Source: Environmental - freshwater.
Reference: JIN, L., LEE, H.-G., KIM, H.-S., AHN, C.-Y. and OH, H.-M. 2013. Caulobacter daechungensis sp. nov., a stalked bacterium isolated from a eutrophic reservoir. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 63, 2559-2564.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter flavus Sun et al. 2015, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) RHGG3=CGMCC 1.15093=KCTC 42581=JCM 30763.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KR086403.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: -.
Etymology: L. masc. adj. flavus, yellow, referring to the colour of the colonies.
Source: Environmental - soil.
Valid publication: SUN, L. N., YANG, E. D., WEI, J. C., TANG, X. Y., CAO, Y. Y. and HAN, G. M. 2015. Caulobacter flavus sp. nov., a stalked bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 65, 4374-4380.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15257= DSM 4728 = VKM B-1502.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227759.
Etymology: L. n. fusus, spindle; L. adj. suffix -formis -is -e (from L. n. forma, figure, shape, appearance), -like, in the shape of; N.L. masc. adj. fusiformis, spindle-shaped.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
Caulobacter ginsengisoli Liu et al. 2011, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Gsoil 317 = DSM 18695 = KCTC 12788.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB271055.
Etymology: N.L. n. ginsengum, ginseng; L. n. solum, soil; N.L. gen. n. ginsengisoli, of soil of a ginseng field, the source of the organism.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 142. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 2563-2565.
Effective publication: LIU (Q.M.), TEN (L.N.), IM (W.T.), LEE (S.T.) and YOON (M.H.): Caulobacter ginsengisoli sp. nov., a novel stalked bacterium isolated from ginseng cultivating soil. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2010, 20, 11-16.
Validation List no. 142 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: In the abstract of the effective publication available online, the pages number is cited as 15-20.
Caulobacter halobacteroides Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15269= NBRC 102483 = NCIMB 2022 = VKM B-1511.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB008849.
Etymology: Gr. n. hals halos, salt; N.L. n. bacter, a rod; L. suff. -oides (from Gr. suff. -eides, from Gr. n. eidos, that which is seen, form, shape, figure), ressembling, similar; N.L. masc. adj. bacteroides, rod-shaped; N.L. masc. adj. halobacteroides, salt requiring rod-shaped bacterium.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
→ ¤ Maricaulis maris (Poindexter 1964) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Note: According to Abraham et al. 1999, Caulobacter halobacteroides Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) is a later heterotypic synonym of ¤ Caulobacter maris Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980). This last species has been tranferred in the genus ¤ Maricaulis Abraham et al. 1999 as ¤ Maricaulis maris (Poindexter 1964) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Reference: ABRAHAM (W.R.), STRÖMPL (C.), MEYER (H.), LINDHOLST (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), CHRIST (R.), VANCANNEYT (M.), TINDALL (B.J.), BENNASAR (A.), SMIT (J.) and TESAR (M.): Phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of Caulobacter species. Proposal of Maricaulis gen. nov. with Maricaulis maris (Poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1053-1073.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter henricii Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15253= CCUG 49339 = CIP 106446 = DSM 4730 = LMG 18392 = VKM B-1495.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227758.
Etymology: N.L. gen. masc. n. henricii, of Henrici, named for A.T. Henrici, who observed stalked bacteria on slides that had been submerged in freshwater.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
Caulobacter hibisci Moya et al. 2017, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) THG-AG3.4=KACC 18849=CCTCC AB 2016077.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KX263320.
Etymology: L. gen. n. hibisci, of the plant genus Hibiscus.
Source: Plant.
Valid publication: MOYA, G., YAN, Z. F., WON, K., YANG, J. E., WANG, Q. J., KOOK, M. and YI, T. H. 2017. Caulobacter hibisci sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere of Hibiscus syriacus L. (Mugunghwa flower). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67, 3167-3173.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter intermedius Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CB63 = ATCC 15262= CIP 106444 = DSM 4732 = VKM B-1499.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227786.
Etymology: L. masc. adj. intermedius, that is between, intermediate.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
→ ¤ Brevundimonas intermedia (Poindexter 1964) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Caulobacter leidyi corrig. Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15260= CIP 106443 = DSM 4733 = VKM B-1368.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227812.
Etymology: N.L. gen. masc. n. leidyi, of Leidy, named for J. Leidy, who observed tufts of (bacterial) growth of fungi in insect guts in 1853.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
Note: In the effective publication by Poindexter 1964 [1], the specific epithet is cited as leidyi (named in remembrance of J. Leidy). So, the spelling of the epithet, leidyia (sic), which appears in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names, has been corrected by Poindexter 1989 [2].
References:
1 POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriol. Rev., 1964, 28, 231-295.
Original article Online
2 POINDEXTER (J.S.): Genus Caulobacter Henrici and Johnson 1935, 83AL. In: J.T. STALEY, M.P. BRYANT, N. PFENNIG and J.G. HOLT (editors), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, first edition, vol. 3, The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1989, pp. 1924-1939.
→ ¤ Sphingomonas leidyi (Poindexter 1964) Chen et al. 2012, comb. nov.
Caulobacter maris Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CM 11 = ATCC 15268= CIP 106103 = DSM 4734 = JCM 21108 = NBRC 102484 = VKM B-1510.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227802.
Etymology: L. n. mare -is, the sea; L. gen. n. maris, of the sea.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
Note: According to Abraham et al. 1999, Caulobacter maris Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) is an earlier heterotypic synonym of ¤ Caulobacter halobacteroides Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980).
Caulobacter maris Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) has been tranferred in the genus ¤ Maricaulis Abraham et al. 1999 as ¤ Maricaulis maris (Poindexter 1964) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov. (see below).
Reference: ABRAHAM (W.R.), STRÖMPL (C.), MEYER (H.), LINDHOLST (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), CHRIST (R.), VANCANNEYT (M.), TINDALL (B.J.), BENNASAR (A.), SMIT (J.) and TESAR (M.): Phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of Caulobacter species. Proposal of Maricaulis gen. nov. with Maricaulis maris (Poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1053-1073.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Maricaulis maris (Poindexter 1964) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Caulobacter mirabilis Abraham et al. 2008, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) FWC 38 = CCUG 55073 = LMG 24261.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227774.
Etymology: L. masc. adj. mirabilis, strange, the strange Caulobacter which is unique in its high content of trans-11-methyl-12-octadecenoic acid.
Valid publication: ABRAHAM (W.R.), MACEDO (A.J.), LÜNSDORF (H.), FISCHER (R.), PAWELCZYK (S.), SMIT (J.) and VANCANNEYT (M.): Phylogeny by a polyphasic approach of the order Caulobacterales, proposal of Caulobacter mirabilis sp. nov., Phenylobacterium haematophilum sp. nov. and Phenylobacterium conjunctum sp. nov., and emendation of the genus Phenylobacterium. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 1939-1949.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter profundus Jin et al. 2014, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) DS48-5-2=KCTC 32480=JCM 19440.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KF360052.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: N/A.
Etymology: L. masc. adj. profundus, from the deep.
Source: Environmental - freshwater.
Valid publication: JIN, L., LA, H.-J., LEE, H.-G., LEE, J. J., LEE, S., AHN, C.-Y. and OH, H.-M. 2014. Caulobacter profunda sp. nov., isolated from deep freshwater sediment. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 64, 762-767.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: The gender of the specific was incorrectly formed as a feminine adjective (profunda) in the original paper; since all genus names ending in -bacter are in the masculine gender this epithet has been corrected to profundus here and will be corrected in the next available Notification List in IJSEM.
Caulobacter rhizosphaerae Sun et al. 2017, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 7F14=CGMCC 1.15915=KCTC 52515.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KX792139.
Etymology: Gr. fem. n. rhiza, a root; L. fem. n. sphaera, ball, sphere; N.L. gen. fem. n. rhizosphaerae, of the rhizosphere, referring to the site from which the type strain was isolated.
Source: Environmental - soil.
Valid publication: SUN, L. N., YANG, E. D., HOU, X. T., WEI, J. C., YUAN, Z. X. and WANG, W. Y. 2017. Caulobacter rhizosphaerae sp. nov., a stalked bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67, 1771-1776.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter segnis (Urakami et al. 1990) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) TK0059 = ATCC 21756= CIP 106962 = DSM 7131 = IFO (now NBRC) 15250 = JCM 7823 = LMG 17158.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB023427.
Basonym: ¤ Mycoplana segnis Urakami et al. 1990.
Etymology: L. masc. adj. segnis, tslow, inactive, lazy.
Valid publication: ABRAHAM (W.R.), STRÖMPL (C.), MEYER (H.), LINDHOLST (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), CHRIST (R.), VANCANNEYT (M.), TINDALL (B.J.), BENNASAR (A.), SMIT (J.) and TESAR (M.): Phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of Caulobacter species. Proposal of Maricaulis gen. nov. with Maricaulis maris (Poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1053-1073.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Caulobacter subvibrioides Poindexter 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CB81 = ATCC 15264= CIP 106453 = DSM 4735 = IFO (now NBRC) 16000 = LMG 14903 = VKM B-1503.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: CP002102 (complete genome).
Etymology: L. prep. sub, near, somewhat; L. v. vibro, to set in tremulous motion, move to and fro, vibrate; N.L. masc. n. vibrio, that which vibrates, and also a bacterial genus name of bacteria possessing a curved rod shape (Vibrio); L. suff. -oides (from Gr. suff. -eides, from Gr. n. eidos, that which is seen, form, shape, figure), ressembling, similar; N.L. masc. adj. subvibrioides, somewhat like a vibrio.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Biological properties and classification of the Caulobacter group. Bacteriological Reviews, 1964, 28, 231-295.
→ ¤ Brevundimonas subvibrioides (Poindexter 1964) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Caulobacter variabilis (ex Poindexter 1964) Poindexter 1989, sp. nov., nom. rev.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CB17 = ATCC 15255= CIP 106445 = DSM 4737.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ227783.
Synonym: "Caulobacter variabilis" Poindexter 1964.
Etymology: L. masc. adj. variabilis, changeable, variable.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 31. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 495-497.
Effective publication: POINDEXTER (J.S.): Genus Caulobacter Henrici and Johnson 1935, 83AL. In: J.T. STALEY, M.P. BRYANT, N. PFENNIG and J.G. HOLT (editors), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, first edition, vol. 3, The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1989, pp. 1924-1939.
Validation List no. 31 in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Brevundimonas variabilis (Poindexter 1989) Abraham et al. 1999, comb. nov.
Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935, species. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Stove CB51 = CIP 106452 = DSM 9893 = VKM B-1496.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ009957.
Etymology: L. v. vibro, to set in tremulous motion, move to and fro, vibrate; N.L. masc. n. vibrio, that which vibrates, and also a bacterial genus name of bacteria possessing a curved rod shape (Vibrio); L. suff. -oides (from Gr. suff. -eides, from Gr. n. eidos, that which is seen, form, shape, figure), ressembling, similar; N.L. masc. adj. vibrioides, resembling a vibrio.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: HENRICI (A.T.) and JOHNSON (D.): Studies of Fresh water Bacteria. II. Stalked Bacteria, a new order of Schizomycetes. Journal of Bacteriology, 1935, 30, 61-92.
Notes:
1 On the "Approved Lists of Bacterial Names", the type strain is cited as strain Stove CB51 (not extant). However, the strain Stove CB51 is held in the DSMZ and VKM (see below).
2 The type strain of Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980), which the "Approved Lists of Bacterial Names" list as being "not extant" is in fact held in the DSMZ (strain DSM 9893) and VKM (strain VKM B-1496).
Reference: ABRAHAM (W.R.), STRÖMPL (C.), MEYER (H.), LINDHOLST (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), CHRIST (R.), VANCANNEYT (M.), TINDALL (B.J.), BENNASAR (A.), SMIT (J.) and TESAR (M.): Phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of Caulobacter species. Proposal of Maricaulis gen. nov. with Maricaulis maris (Poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1053-1073.
Original article in IJSEM Online
3 According to Abraham et al. 1999, Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980) is an earlier heterotypic synonym of ¤ Caulobacter crescentus Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980).
Moore et al. (1978) [1] reported the DNA-DNA homology between the type strain Caulobacter vibrioides CB51 and the type strain Caulobacter crescentus CB2 to be 97%, but they did not formally propose Caulobacter crescentus to be synonymous with Caulobacter vibrioides. Caulobacter crescentus could not be discerned clearly from Caulobacter vibrioides by a polyphasic approach [2] and, Abraham et al. (1999) formally propose that Caulobacter crescentus Poindexter 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) is a later heterotypic synonym of Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson 1935 (Approved Lists 1980) [2].
References:
1 MOORE (R.L.), SCHMIDT (J.) POINDEXTER (J.) and STALEY (J.T.): Deoxyribonucleic acid homology among the caulobacters. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1978, 28, 349-353.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 ABRAHAM (W.R.), STRÖMPL (C.), MEYER (H.), LINDHOLST (S.), MOORE (E.R.B.), CHRIST (R.), VANCANNEYT (M.), TINDALL (B.J.), BENNASAR (A.), SMIT (J.) and TESAR (M.): Phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of Caulobacter species. Proposal of Maricaulis gen. nov. with Maricaulis maris (Poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1053-1073.
Original article by Abraham et al. in IJSEM Online