Genus Chainia
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 13
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
Chainia Thirumalachar 1955, genus.
Type species: ¤ Chainia antibiotica Thirumalachar 1955 (Approved Lists 1980).
Etymology: N.L. fem. n. Chainia, named after Ernst Boris Mikaelovich Chain, a German/British microbiologist.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.): Chainia, a new genus of the Actinomycetales. Nature (London), 1955, 176, 934-935.
Note: According to Goodfellow et al., the genus Chainia Thirumalachar 1955 (Approved Lists 1980) is a later synonym of the genus ¤ Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: GOODFELLOW (M.), WILLIAMS (S.T.) and ALDERSON (G.): Transfer of Chainia species to the genus Streptomyces with emended description of species. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1986, 8, 55-60.
Effective publication Online
Chainia antibiotica Thirumalachar 1955, species. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15721= CBS 167.62 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 13307 = DSM 43032 = IFM 1141 = IFO (now NBRC) 12246 = IFO (now NBRC) 13356 = IFO (now NBRC) 13904 = ISP 5269 = JCM 3039 = JCM 4828 = KCTC 9065 = NRRL B-2317 = RIA 1317 = VKM Ac-1909.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ621608.
Etymology: Gr. prep. anti, against, in opposition to; Gr. n. bios, life; L. suff. -icus -a -um, suffix used in adjectives with the sense of belonging to, related to; N.L. fem. adj. antibiotica, related to antibiotic.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.): Chainia, a new genus of the Actinomycetales. Nature (London), 1955, 176, 934-935.
= ¤ Streptomyces sclerotialus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: Chainia antibiotica Thirumalachar 1955 (Approved Lists 1980) and Streptomyces sclerotialus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)].
Chainia flava Thirumalachar and Sukapure 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19347= AS 4.1071 = CBS 658.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 12108 = CMI 117723 = DSM 40270 = DSM 43152 = NCIB (now NCIMB) 11008 = KCC A-0100 = JCM 3100 = ISP 5270 = IFO (now NBRC) 12998 = IFO (now NBRC) 13357 = IFO (now NBRC) 14019 = IFO (now NBRC) 15148 = IMET 43617 = NRRL B-12173 = PCM 2303 = RIA 1318 = RIA 883 = JCM 3100 = JCM 4751.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB184247.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. flava, yellow.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.) and SUKAPURE (R.S.): Studies on species of the genus Chainia from India. Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin, 1964, 6, 157-166.
→ ¤ Streptomyces flaviscleroticus (ex Pridham 1970) Goodfellow et al. 1986, sp. nov., nom. rev.
Note: According to Rule 51b (2) the transfer of Chainia flava Thirumalachar and Sukapure 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) to the genus Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980) as Streptomyces flaviscleroticus (ex Pridham 1970) Goodfellow et al. 1986, sp. nov., nom. rev. is illegitimate.
Chainia fumigata Thirumalachar et al. 1966, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19345= CBS 639.66 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 12344 = CMI 117720 = DSM 43154 = IFO (now NBRC) 12999 = KCC A-0101 = JCM 3101 = NCIMB 11004 = NRRL B-3856 = RIA 884.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: DQ442499.
Etymology: L. fem. part. adj. fumigatus, smoked.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.), SUKAPURE (R.S.), RAHALKAR (P.W.) and GOPALKRISHNAN (K.S.): Studies on species of the genus Chainia from India II. Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin, 1966, 9, 10-14.
→ ¤ Streptomyces fumigatiscleroticus (ex Pridham 1970) Goodfellow et al. 1986, sp. nov., nom. rev.
Note: According to Rule 51b (2) the transfer of Chainia fumigata Thirumalachar et al. 1966 (Approved Lists 1980) in the genus Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980) as Streptomyces fumigatiscleroticus (ex Pridham 1970) Goodfellow et al. 1986, sp. nov., nom. rev. is illegitimate.
Chainia kunmingensis Ruan et al. 1985, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 80-3024 = ATCC 35682= DSM 41681 = IFO (now NBRC) 14463 = JCM 7473 = NRRL B-16240 = VKM Ac-895.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: DQ442513.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. kunmingensis, of or pertaining to Kunming, a province of South China.
Valid publication: RUAN (J.S.), LECHEVALIER (M.P.), JIANG (C.L.) and LECHEVALIER (H.A.): Chainia kunmingensis, a new actinomycete species found in soil. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1985, 35, 164-168.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Streptomyces kunmingensis (Ruan et al. 1985) Goodfellow et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Chainia minutisclerotica Thirumalachar et al. 1965, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 17757= ATCC 19346= CBS 231.65 = CBS 662.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 12544 = CMI 112786 = DSM 40301 = IFO (now NBRC) 13000 = IFO (now NBRC) 13361 = ISP 5301 = JCM 3102 = JCM 4790 = KCTC 9123 = NCIMB 10996 = NRRL B-12202 = PCM 2304 = RIA 1322 = RIA 885.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EF178696.
Etymology: L. masc. adj. minutus, little, small, minute; N.L. n. sclerotium, sclerotium; L. fem. suff. -ica, suffix used in adjectives with the sense of belonging to; N.L. fem. adj. minutisclerotica, belonging to a small sclerotium.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.), RAHALKAR (P.W.), DESHMUKH (P.V.) and SUKAPURE (R.S.): Production of aburamycin by Chainia minutisclerotica, a new species of actinomycete. Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin, 1965, 8, 6-9.
= ¤ Streptomyces minutiscleroticus (Thirumalachar 1965) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: Chainia minutisclerotica Thirumalachar et al. 1965 (Approved Lists 1980) and Streptomyces minutiscleroticus (Thirumalachar 1965) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)].
Chainia nigra Thirumalachar 1955, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 17756= CBS 230.65 = CBS 663.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 11877 = CMI 112787 = DSM 43049 = KCC A-0158 = IFO (now NBRC) 13362 = IFO (now NBRC) 13902 = ISP 5302 = JCM 3158 = NCIMB 10992 = NRRL B-3857 = PCM 2305 = RIA 1323 = VKM Ac-1736.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ621607.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. nigra, black.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.): Chainia, a new genus of the Actinomycetales. Nature (London), 1955, 176, 934-935.
→ ¤ Streptomyces niger (Thirumalachar 1955) Goodfellow et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Chainia ochracea Kuznetsov 1962, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) AS 4.1096 = ATCC 15814= CBS 168.62 = CBS 784.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 13310 = DSM 40594 = DSM 43155 = IFO (now NBRC) 12394 = IFO (now NBRC) 13483 = IMET 43492 = ISP 5594 = JCM 3048 = JCM 4801 = NRRL B-3041 = PCM 2307 = RIA 1444 = RIA 710 = VKM Ac-651.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB184094.
Etymology: L. n. ochra, ochre; N.L. fem. adj. ochracea, like-ochre, rust colored.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: KUZNETSOV (V.D.): A new species of genus Chainia. Mikrobiologiya, 1962, 31, 534-539.
= ¤ Streptomyces ochraceiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: Chainia ochracea Kuznetsov 1962 (Approved Lists 1980) and Streptomyces ochraceiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)].
Chainia olivacea Thirumalachar and Sukapure 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15722= CBS 296.66 = CBS 785.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 11608 = DSM 40595 = IFO (now NBRC) 13484 = ISP 5595 = JCM 3045 = JCM 4805 = NRRL B-2318 = RIA 1445.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ621606.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. olivacea, olive colored.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.) and SUKAPURE (R.S.): Studies on species of the genus Chainia from India. Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin, 1964, 6, 157-166.
= ¤ Streptomyces olivaceiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: Chainia olivacea Thirumalachar and Sukapure 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) and Streptomyces olivaceiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)].
Chainia poonensis Thirumalachar 1960, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) AS 4.1097 = ATCC 15723= CBS 295.66 = CBS 786.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 13311 = DSM 40596 = HAMBI 987 = IFO (now NBRC) 12556 = IFO (now NBRC) 13485 = IMET 43406 = ISP 5596 = JCM 3071 = JCM 3079 = JCM 4815 = LMG 19326 = NRRL B-2319 = NRRL B-2951 = PCM 2246 = RIA 1446 = VKM Ac-1715.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: DQ445792.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. poonensis, of or belonging to Poona, India, the source of the soil from which the organism was isolated.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.). In: KALAKOUTSKII (L.V.) and KRASIL'NIKOV (N.A.): On formation of sclerotia by actinomycetes and on systematic status of the genus Chainia. In: RAUTENSHTEIN (Y.I.): Biology of special groups of actinomycetes. Producers of antibiotics. Transactions of the Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences USSR, 1960, 8, 1-344.
= ¤ Streptomyces poonensis (Thirumalachar 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: Chainia poonensis Thirumalachar 1960 (Approved Lists 1980) and Streptomyces poonensis (Thirumalachar 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)].
Chainia purpurogena Thirumalachar and Sukapure 1964, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19348= CBS 409.66 = CBS 659.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 13317 = CMI 112722 = DSM 43156 = IFO (now NBRC) 13001 = IFO (now NBRC) 13358 = IFO (now NBRC) 13903 = ISP 5271 = CM 3103 = JCM 3080 = JCM 4818 = NCIMB 10981 = NRRL B-2952 = PCM 2306 = RIA 1319 = RIA 886.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ621604.
Etymology: L. adj. purpureus, purple-colored; N.L. fem. suff. -gena (from Gr. v. gennaô, to produce), producing; N.L. fem. adj. purpurogena, producing purple color.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.) and SUKAPURE (R.S.): Studies on species of the genus Chainia from India. Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin, 1964, 6, 157-166.
= ¤ Streptomyces purpurogeneiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: Chainia purpurogena Thirumalachar and Sukapure 1964 (Approved Lists 1980) and Streptomyces purpurogeneiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)].
Chainia rosea Thirumalachar 1966, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 17755= CBS 226.65 = CBS 664.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 12541 = CMI 112788 = DSM 40303 = IFO (now NBRC) 13002 = IFO (now NBRC) 13363 = IMET 43586 = ISP 5303 = JCM 3104 = JCM 4823 = NCIMB 11013 = NRRL B-3348 = RIA 1324 = RIA 887 = VKM Ac-1718.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB184251.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. rosea, pink.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.). In THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.), SUKAPURE (R.S.), RAHALKAR (P.W.) and GOPALKRISHNAN (K.S.): Studies on species of the genus Chainia from India II. Hindustan Antibiotics Bulletin, 1966, 9, 10-14.
= ¤ Streptomyces roseiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: Chainia rosea Thirumalachar 1966 (Approved Lists 1980) and Streptomyces roseiscleroticus Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) have the same type strain and therefore are homotypic synonyms [Rules 24a and 24b (1)].
Chainia rubra Thirumalachar 1955, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 17754= CBS 228.65 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 12358 = CMI 112789 = DSM 40304 = IFO (now NBRC) 14600 = ISP 5304 = JCM 3131 = KCC A-0131 = NCIB (now NCIMB) 10983 = NRRL B-5315.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB184604.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. rubra, red.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: THIRUMALACHAR (M.J.): Chainia, a new genus of the Actinomycetales. Nature (London), 1955, 176, 934-935.
→ ¤ Streptomyces ruber (Thirumalachar 1955) Goodfellow et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Chainia violens Kalakoutskii and Krasil'nikov 1960, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 15898= CBS 451.65 = CBS 787.72 = BCRC (formerly CCRC) 12540 = DSM 40597 = HAMBI 1073 = IFO (now NBRC) 12557 = IFO (now NBRC) 13486 = INMI 1212 = ISP 5597 = JCM 3072 = JCM 4852 = NRRL B-3484 = PCM 2247 = RIA 1447 = RIA 565 = VKM Ac-586 = VKM Ac-653.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ621605.
Etymology: L. adj. violens, raging but probably N.L. adj. violescens (from L. fem. n. viola, violet), referring to pink to violet pigment produced by the organism on some media.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: KALAKOUTSKII (L.V.) and KRASIL'NIKOV (N.A.): On the production of sclerotia in actinomycetes and systematic position of the genus Chania. Transactions of the Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences USSR, 1960, 8, 45-55.
→ ¤ Streptomyces violens (Kalakoutskii and Krasil'nikov 1960) Goodfellow et al. 1987, comb. nov.