Genus Lactococcus
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 14
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 6
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Lactococcus Schleifer et al. 1986, gen. nov.
Type species: ¤ Lactococcus lactis (Lister 1873) Schleifer et al. 1986.
Etymology: L. n. lac lactis, milk; N.L. masc. n. coccus (from Gr. masc. n. kokkos, grain, seed), coccus; N.L. masc. n. Lactococcus, milk coccus.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 20. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 354-356.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 20 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Lactococcus chungangensis Cho et al. 2008, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) CAU 28 = CCUG 55099 = JCM 17100 = KCTC 13185.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EF694028.
Etymology: N.L. masc. adj. chungangensis, named after Chungang University, where taxonomic studies on this species were performed.
Valid publication: CHO (S.L.), NAM (S.W.), YOON (J.H.), LEE (J.S.), SUKHOOM (A.) and KIM (W.): Lactococcus chungangensis sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from activated sludge foam. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 1844-1849.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus formosensis Chen et al. 2014, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 516=NBRC 109475=BCRC 80576.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB775178.
Etymology: N.L. masc. adj. formosensis, of or pertaining to Formosa (Taiwan).
Source: Food.
Valid publication: CHEN, Y.-S., OTOGURO, M., LIN, Y.-H., PAN, S.-F., JI, S.-H., YU, C.-R., LIOU, M.-S., CHANG, Y.-C., WU, H.-C. and YANAGIDA, F. 2014. Lactococcus formosensis sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from yan-tsai-shin (fermented broccoli stems). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 64, 146-151.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus fujiensis Cai et al. 2011, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) NJ 317 = CGMCC 1.10453 = JCM16395.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB485959.
Etymology: N.L. masc. adj. fujiensis, of or belonging to Mount Fuji, where the species was isolated.
Valid publication: CAI (Y.), YANG (J.), PANG (H.) and KITAHARA (M.): Lactococcus fujiensis sp nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from vegetable matter. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 1590-1594.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: In the description of the species, the accession number CGMCC 1.10453 was omitted.
Reference: Erratum. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 2023.
Erratum in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus garvieae (Collins et al. 1984) Schleifer et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) NIZO2415T = ATCC 43921= CCUG 32208 = CIP 102507 = DSM 20684 = HAMBI 1592 = JCM 10343 = JCM 12256 = LMG 8893 = NBRC 100934 = NCIMB 702155 (formerly NCDO 2155).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EU091459 (652 bp).
Basonym: ¤ Streptococcus garvieae Collins et al. 1984.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. garvieae, of Garvie, named for E.I. Garvie, a British microbiologist.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 20. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 354-356.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 20 in IJSEM Online
Note: According to Teixeira et al. 1996, Lactococcus garvieae (Collins et al. 1984) Schleifer et al. 1986 is an earlier heterotypic synonym of ¤ Enterococcus seriolicida Kusuda et al. 1991.
Reference: TEIXEIRA (L.M.), MERQUIOR (V.L.C.), VIANNI (M. da C.E.), CARVALHO (M. da G.S.), FRACALANZZA (S.E.L.), STEIGERWALT (A.G.), BRENNER (D.J.) and FACKLAM (R.R.): Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of atypical Lactococcus garvieae strains isolated from water buffalos with subclinical mastitis and confirmation of L. garvieae as a senior subjective synonym of Enterococcus seriolicida. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1996, 46, 664-668.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus garvieae subsp. bovis Varsha and Nampoothiri 2016, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) BSN307=DSM 100577=MCC 2824=KCTC 21083.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KM261818.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: -.
Etymology: L. gen. n. bovis, of Indian bison, of a bovine, referring to the isolation source.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: VARSHA, K. K. and NAMPOOTHIRI, K. M. 2016. Lactococcus garvieae subsp. bovis subsp. nov., lactic acid bacteria isolated from wild gaur (Bos gaurus) dung, and description of Lactococcus garvieae subsp. garvieae subsp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 66, 3805-3809.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus garvieae subsp. garvieae Varsha and Nampoothiri 2016, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 49156=CCUG 32208=JCM 10343.
Sequence accession no. (complete genome) for the type strain: AP009332.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: AP009332.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. garvieae, of Garvie, named for E. I. Garvie, a British microbiologist .
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: VARSHA, K. K. and NAMPOOTHIRI, K. M. 2016. Lactococcus garvieae subsp. bovis subsp. nov., lactic acid bacteria isolated from wild gaur (Bos gaurus) dung, and description of Lactococcus garvieae subsp. garvieae subsp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 66, 3805-3809.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus hircilactis Meucci et al. 2015, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 117=LMG 28352=DSM 28960.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KJ201026.
Etymology: L. masc. n. hircus, goat; L. neut. n. lac, milk; N.L. gen. n. hircilactis, of the milk of a goat.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: MEUCCI, A., ZAGO, M., ROSSETTI, L., FORNASARI, M. E., BONVINI, B., TIDONA, F., POVOLO, M., CONTARINI, G., CARMINATI, D. and GIRAFFA, G. 2015. Lactococcus hircilactis sp. nov. and Lactococcus laudensis sp. nov., isolated from milk. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 65, 2091-2096.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus lactis (Lister 1873) Schleifer et al. 1986, comb. nov. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19435= CCUG 7980 = CCUG 32211 = CIP 70.56 = DSM 20481 = HAMBI 1591 = JCM 5805 = LMG 6890 = NBRC 100933 = NCIMB 6681 (formerly NCDO 604) = NCTC 6681 = VKM B-1662.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB100803.
Basonym: ¤ Streptococcus lactis (Lister 1873) Löhnis 1909 (Approved Lists 1980).
Other synonym: "Bacterium lactis" Lister 1873.
Etymology: L. gen. lactis, of milk.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 20. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 354-356.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 20 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: In Validation List no. 20, Lactococcus lactis is erroneously cited as Lactococcus lactis (Löhnis) Schleifer et al. 1986.
Reference: EUZÉBY (J.P.) and KUDO (T.): Corrigenda to the Validation Lists. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2001, 51, 1933-1938.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (Orla-Jensen 1919) Schleifer et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19257= CCUG 21953 = CIP 102301 = DSM 20069 = HAMBI 1588 = JCM 16167 = LMG 6897 = NBRC 100676 = NCIMB 8662 (formerly NCDO 607).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB100802.
Basonym: ¤ Streptococcus cremoris Orla-Jensen 1919 (Approved Lists 1980).
Other synonyms: ¤ Streptococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (Orla-Jensen 1919) Garvie and Farrow 1982, "Streptococcus hollandicus" Scholl 1891, "Streptococcus lactis B" Ayers et al. 1924.
Etymology: L. n. cremor, the thick juice obtained from animal or vegetable substances, cream; L. gen. n. cremoris, of cream.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 20. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 354-356.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 20 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Lactococcus lactis subsp. hordniae (ex Latorre-Guzman et al. 1977) Schleifer et al. 1986, nom. rev., comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 29071= CCUG 32210 = CIP 102973 = DSM 20450 = HAMBI 1590 = JCM 1180 = LMG 8520 = NBRC 100931 = NCIMB 702181 (formerly NCDO 2181).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB100804.
Synonym: "Lactobacillus hordniae" Latorre-Guzman et al. 1977.
Etymology: N.L. fem. n. Hordnia, generic name; N.L. gen. n. hordniae, of Hordnia circellata (name of the leaf hopper from which the organism was isolated).
Valid publication: Validation List no. 20. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 354-356.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 20 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (Lister 1873) Schleifer et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 19435= CCUG 7980 = CCUG 32211 = CIP 70.56 = DSM 20481 = HAMBI 1591 = JCM 5805 = LMG 6890 = NBRC 100933 = NCIMB 6681 (formerly NCDO 604) = NCTC 6681 = VKM B-1662.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB100803.
Basonym: ¤ Streptococcus lactis (Lister 1873) Löhnis 1909 (Approved Lists 1980).
Other synonyms: ¤ Streptococcus lactis subsp. lactis (Lister 1873) Garvie and Farrow 1982, "Bacterium lactis" Lister 1873.
Etymology: L. gen. n. lactis, of milk.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 20. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 354-356.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 20 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Notes:
1 In Validation List no. 20, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis is erroneously cited as Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (Löhnis) Schleifer et al. 1986.
Reference: EUZÉBY (J.P.) and KUDO (T.): Corrigenda to the Validation Lists. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2001, 51, 1933-1938.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (Lister 1873) Schleifer et al. 1986 encompasses: 1) the strains of ¤ Streptococcus lactis subsp. lactis (Lister 1873) Löhnis 1909; 2) the strains of ¤ Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetilactis (ex Matuszewski et al. 1936) Garvie and Farrow 1982; and 3) the strains of ¤ Lactobacillus xylosus Kitahara 1938 (Approved Lists 1980).
Lactococcus lactis subsp. tructae Pérez et al. 2011, subsp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) L105 = DSM 21502 = LMG 24662.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EU770697.
Etymology: L. gen. n. tructae, of a trout fish.
Valid publication: PÉREZ (T.), BALCÁZAR (J.L.), PEIX (A.), VALVERDE (A.), VELÁZQUEZ (E.), DE BLAS (I.) and RUIZ-ZARZUELA (I.): Lactococcus lactis subsp. tructae subsp. nov. isolated from the intestinal mucus of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 1894-1898.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus laudensis Meucci et al. 2015, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 4195=LMG 28353=DSM 28961.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KJ394457.
Etymology: N.L. masc. adj. laudensis, pertaining to Lodi (Italy), named Laus Pompeia in Roman times, where the species was isolated.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: MEUCCI, A., ZAGO, M., ROSSETTI, L., FORNASARI, M. E., BONVINI, B., TIDONA, F., POVOLO, M., CONTARINI, G., CARMINATI, D. and GIRAFFA, G. 2015. Lactococcus hircilactis sp. nov. and Lactococcus laudensis sp. nov., isolated from milk. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 65, 2091-2096.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus nasutitermitis Yan et al. 2016, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) M19=CGMCC 1.15204=NBRC 111537=JCM 32013.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KR611319.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. nasutitermitis, of a termite of the genus Nasutitermes.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: YAN YANG, S., ZHENG, Y., HUANG, Z., MIN WANG, X. and YANG, H. 2016. Lactococcus nasutitermitis sp. nov. isolated from a termite gut. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 66, 518-522.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus petauri Goodman et al. 2017, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 159469=LMG 30040=DSM 104842.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KY548925.
Whole-genome sequence accession no.: MUIZ00000000.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. petauri, of Petaurus pertaining to the sugar glider Petaurus breviceps.
Source: Veterinary.
Valid publication: GOODMAN, L. B., LAWTON, M. R., FRANKLIN-GUILD, R. J., ANDERSON, R. R., SCHAAN, L., THACHIL, A. J., WIEDMANN, M., MILLER, C. B., ALCAINE, S. D. and KOVAC, J. 2017. Lactococcus petauri sp. nov., isolated from an abscess of a sugar glider. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67, 4397-4404.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus piscium Williams et al. 1990, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) HRIA 68 = ATCC 700018= CCUG 32207 = CCUG 32732 = CIP 104371 = DSM 6634 = JCM 11055 = NCIMB 13196 (formerly NCFB 2778).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: DQ343754.
Etymology: L. n. piscis, fish; L. gen. pl. n. piscium, of fishes.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 34. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1990, 40, 320-321.
Effective publication: WILLIAMS (A.M.), FRYERS (J.L.) and COLLINS (M.D.): Lactococcus piscium sp. nov. a new Lactococcus species from salmonid fish. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 1990, 68, 109-114.
Validation List no. 34 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Lactococcus plantarum (Collins et al. 1984) Schleifer et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 43199= CCUG 39180 = CIP 102506 = DSM 20686 = HAMBI 1593 = JCM 11056 = LMG 8517 = NCIMB 11945 (formerly NCDO 1869).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EF694029.
Basonym: ¤ Streptococcus plantarum Collins et al. 1984.
Etymology: L. fem. n. planta, any vegetable production that serves to propagate the species, a plant; L. gen. pl. n. plantarum, of plants.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 20. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 354-356.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 20 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Lactococcus raffinolactis (Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932) Schleifer et al. 1988, comb. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 43920= CCUG 32209 = CIP 102300 = DSM 20443 = HAMBI 1589 = JCM 5706 = LMG 13095 = NBRC 100932 = NCIMB 13197 (formerly NCDO 617).
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EF694030.
Basonym: ¤ Streptococcus raffinolactis Orla-Jensen and Hansen 1932 (Approved Lists 1980).
Etymology: N.L. n. raffinosum, raffinose; L. gen. n. lactis, of milk; N.L. gen. n. raffinolactis, raffinose fermenting bacterium from milk.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 25. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1988, 38, 220-222.
Effective publication: SCHLEIFER (K.H.), KRAUS (J.), DVORAK (C.), KILPPER-BÄLZ (R.), COLLINS (M.D.) and FISCHER (W.): Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci in the genus Lactococcus gen. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 6, 183-195.
Validation List no. 25 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Note: In Validation List no. 25, Lactococcus raffinolactis is erroneously proposed as a new species.
Reference: EUZÉBY (J.P.) and KUDO (T.): Corrigenda to the Validation Lists. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2001, 51, 1933-1938.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus reticulitermitis Yuki et al. 2018, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Rs-Y01=JCM 32106=DSM 105715.
Sequence accession no. (whole genome shotgun sequencing project) for the type strain: BEDT01000001–BEDT01000020.
Whole-genome sequence accession no.: NZ_BEDT01000000.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. reticulitermitis, of Reticulitermes, the genus of the termite from which the type strain was isolated.
Source: Animal.
Valid publication: YUKI, M., SAKAMOTO, M., NISHIMURA, Y. and OHKUMA, M. 2018. Lactococcus reticulitermitis sp. nov., isolated from the gut of the subterranean termite Reticulitermes speratus. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 68, 596-601.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Lactococcus taiwanensis Chen et al. 2013, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 0905C15=NBRC 109049=BCRC 80460.
Sequence accession no. for the type strain: AB699722 (16S rRNA), AB699723 (recA) and AB699724 (rpoB).
Etymology: N.L. masc. adj. taiwanensis of or belonging to Taiwan, referring to the geographical origin of the type strain.
Source: Plant.
Reference: CHEN, Y. S., CHANG, C. H., PAN, S. F., WANG, L. T., CHANG, Y. C., WU, H. C. and YANAGIDA, F. 2013. Lactococcus taiwanensis sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from fresh cummingcordia. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 63, 2405-2409.
Original article in IJSEM Online