Name: Cytophaga Winogradsky 1929 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Cy.to.pha.ga. Gr. neut. n. kytos, hollow, vessel, jar, and in biology a cell; Gr. inf. v. phageîn, to eat; N.L. fem. n. Cytophaga, devourer of cell, intended to mean devourer of cell wall, cellulose digester

Gender: feminine (stem: Cytophag-)

Type species: Cytophaga hutchinsonii Winogradsky 1929 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Winogradsky S. Études sur la microbiologie du sol - sur la dégradation de la cellulose dans le sol. Annales de l'Institut Pasteur (Paris) 1929; 43:549-633.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Emendations:
  • Nakagawa and Yamasato 1996 Nakagawa Y, Yamasato K. Emendation of the genus Cytophaga and transfer of Cytophaga agarovorans and Cytophaga salmonicolor to Marinilabilia gen. nov.: phylogenetic analysis of the Flavobacterium-Cytophaga complex. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:599-603. Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 46, part 2 of the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46:838.
    Notes:
    • Emendation accompanied by the removal of 2 species from the genus.

• Notes:
  • Nomenclatural type of the family Cytophagaceae Stanier 1940 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Stanier RY. Studies on the Cytophagas. J Bacteriol 1940; 40:619-635.
  • Nomenclatural type of the order Cytophagales Leadbetter 1974 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Leadbetter ER. Family I. Cytophagaceae Stanier 1940, 630, emend. mut. char. In: Buchanan RE, Gibbons NE (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th ed., The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1974, p. 99-127.
  • Boone et al. (2001) assigned this genus to the family "Flexibacteraceae" Garrity and Holt 2001. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • This taxon name is occasionally misprinted in some sources as: "Cvtophaga"; "Cycophaga"; "Cyfophaga"; "Cyiophaga"; "Cylophaga"; "Cymphaga"; "Cyophaga"; "Cyrophaga"; "Cytaphaga"; "Cythophaga"; "Cytnphaga"; "Cytopbaga"; "Cytopha"; "Cytophaqa"; "Cytophoga"; "Cytoplaga"; "Cytoplhaga"; "Cytopliaga"; "Cytoplzaga"; "Cytrophaga"; "Cytuphaga"; "Cywphaga"; "Cyzophaga".
  • Minimal standards for the description of new taxa in this group were published in 2002. Publication: Bernardet JF, Nakagawa Y, Holmes B. Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Flavobacteriaceae and emended description of the family. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:1049-1070.
  • This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Bernardet JF. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes: Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Flavobacterium and Cytophaga-like bacteria. Minutes of the meetings, 16 and 17 August 1999, Sydney, Australia. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2002; 52:1071-1073.
  • This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: J.-F.Bernardet. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Flavobacterium and Cytophaga-like bacteria: Minutes of the meetings, 16 and 17 August 1999, Sydney, Australia. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2002; 52:1071-1073.
  • This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Anonymous NN. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Flavobacterium and Cytophaga-Like Bacteria: Minutes of the Meetings, 4 and 6 July 1994, Prague, Czech Republic. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1997; 47:593-594.
  • Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Suzuki et al. (2001), Nedashkovskaya et al. (2014). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 25; ATCC: 22; JCM: 17; NBRC: 15; IFO: 15; CIP: 14; LMG: 14; NCIMB: 13; CCUG: 6; NRRL: 2.
  • Pittman et al. (1991) suggested the abbreviation "CTFG" for this genus name but this does not appear to be of practical relevance any longer. Publication: Pittman KF, Walczak CA, Lock CM. Codes and abbreviations for approved of effectively published names of genera of bacteria published from January 1980 to December 1990. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1991; 41:571-579.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 2
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 23
Total number of child taxa: 32

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Cytophaga agarovorans (ex Veldkamp 1961) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Cytophaga allerginae" Alevy and Compas 1987	not validly published
    "Cytophaga antarctica" Inoue and Komagata 1976	not validly published
    Cytophaga aprica (ex Lewin 1969) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga aquatilis Strohl and Tait 1978 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga arvensicola Oyaizu et al. 1983	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga aurantiaca (ex Winogradsky 1929) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Cytophaga aurantiaca" Winogradsky 1929	not validly published
    Cytophaga columnaris (Bernardet and Grimont 1989) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga diffluens (ex Stanier 1940) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Cytophaga drobachiensis" Barbeyron et al. 1998	not validly published
    Cytophaga fermentans Bachmann 1955 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga flevensis van der Meulen et al. 1974 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga heparina (Payza and Korn 1956) Christensen 1980	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga hutchinsonii Winogradsky 1929 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cytophaga johnsonae Stanier 1947 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga latercula Lewin 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Cytophaga lutea" Winogradsky 1929	not validly published
    Cytophaga lytica Lewin 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga marina (ex Hikida et al. 1979) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    Cytophaga marinoflava (ex Colwell et al. 1966) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Candidatus Cytophaga massiliensis" Pagnier et al. 2008	not validly published
    "Cytophaga myxococcoides" Krzemieniewska 1933	not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
    Cytophaga pectinovora (ex Dorey 1959) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga psychrophila (Bernardet and Grimont 1989) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga saccharophila (ex Agbo and Moss 1979) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga salmonicolor Veldkamp 1961 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cytophaga succinicans (ex Anderson and Ordal 1961) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Cytophaga tenuissima" Winogradsky 1929	not validly published
    Cytophaga uliginosa (ZoBell and Upham 1944) Reichenbach 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Cytophaga xantha" Inoue and Komagata 1976	not validly published
    Cytophaga xylanolytica Haack and Breznak 1993	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Cytophagaceae Stanier 1940 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Stanier RY. Studies on the Cytophagas. J Bacteriol 1940; 40:619-635.

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Record number: 515462